information communication technologies in architectural education modris dobelis riga technical...

Information Information Communication Communication Technologies in Technologies in Architectural EducationArchitectural Education

Modris DobelisRiga Technical UniversityRiga, Latvia

Modris Dobelis 2International Conference on Engineering Education July 25-29, 2005, Gliwice, Poland

TopicsTopics CComputer omputer AAided ided AArchitectural rchitectural DDesignesign What is Concurrent Engineering and BIM?What is Concurrent Engineering and BIM? Is CAAD just a tool or a media?Is CAAD just a tool or a media? Architectural Education Architectural Education

Which comes first - hand-drawing or CAAD?Which comes first - hand-drawing or CAAD? CAAD teaching as a separated technology tool CAAD teaching as a separated technology tool

or integrated into project design?or integrated into project design? Teaching, training, tutoring or what else ?Teaching, training, tutoring or what else ? What software, how extensive, how to teach?What software, how extensive, how to teach? Prior experience and training timePrior experience and training time

ConclusionConclusion


CComputer omputer AAided ided

AArchitectural rchitectural

DDesignesign CComputer omputer AAided ided DDraftingrafting

CComputer omputer AAided ided DDesignesign

CComputer omputer AAided ided EEngineeringngineering

20044x23”=92”

LCD monitor

20043D LCD Monitor

1963. MITTX-2 computer with

320 KB fast memory !

Rapid Prototyping

Architectural Models

Picture is worth a thousand wordsPrototype is worth a thousand pictures

http://rpdrc.ic.polyu.edu.hk/content/case_studies/arch_model/sla_architectural_model_showcase.htm

http://rpdrc.ic.polyu.edu.hk/content/case_studies/arch_model/sla_application_eggshell.htm


Concurrent EngineeringConcurrent Engineering

Synonyms for ConcurrentSynonyms for Concurrent ParallelParallel IntegratedIntegrated InterfacedInterfaced NetworkedNetworked CollaborativeCollaborative RapidRapid

Synonym for EngineeringSynonym for Engineering Product DevelopmentProduct Development


Building Information Building Information ModellingModelling

Conceptual Design

Rendering, Animation,

VRDesign

Documentation

Structural Analysis

Cost Estimate

Construction Management

Facility Manageme

nt

3D Model

Initial

Idea

Architects are First in

a Raw


Is CAD a Is CAD a Tool or Creative Tool or Creative MediaMedia ? ?

ProvideProvide better design productivity effective collaboration possibilities rapid product development

But these technologies can do more than the average user might expect develop faster than the users can implement them

successfully often fail to meet the expected result because of

ineffective IT use

Tools / Media Information Technologies (IT)

CAAD CAAD systemssystems

IT literacy is more than just anyCAD literacy !


33 T’sT’s of Concurrent of Concurrent EngineeringEngineering

TTools – material resourcesools – material resources TTraining – human aspect, educationraining – human aspect, education TTime – realistic targets and expectations ime – realistic targets and expectations

Are equally important both in industry and in education


Tools in UniversitiesTools in Universities

Data byHannu Penttila, 2002Helsinki University of Technology

In Europe:~ 180 architectural schools~ 120 000 architectural students~ 500 full-time teachers


Training & Time in Training & Time in UniversitiesUniversities

The Situation Before ITThe Situation Before IT Small student groupsSmall student groups Enough contact hours for subjectsEnough contact hours for subjects

The Reality Now IsThe Reality Now Is Large students groupsLarge students groups Contact hours are decreasing all the timeContact hours are decreasing all the time

Possible SolutionsPossible Solutions Contemporary computer class with Contemporary computer class with

multimedia tutorialsmultimedia tutorials Shift from lecturing to tutoringShift from lecturing to tutoring


TTroublerouble

What kind of changes the digital media has effected to the architectural working and educational environments ?

Are we ready to accept that ? Are there even defined strategies to

use digital tools/media in the architectural education ?

How the modern media is integrated into the architectural education ?

ToolsTrainingTime


CAD or CAD or PADPAD??

Hand-drawing first, CAD laterHand-drawing first, CAD later Develop expression skills through

PAD - Pencil Aided Design (Free-hand Sketching)

Both are taught parallel on equal basisBoth are taught parallel on equal basis Exaggeration of CAAD role should be avoided !

Two dominating approachesin education


Separate Technology Separate Technology ToolTool

Typically an architectural teaching Typically an architectural teaching staff requires CADD knowledge staff requires CADD knowledge “setup”“setup”

Regular software and hardware update Regular software and hardware update and upgrade is and upgrade is a a common issuecommon issue

Training industrial clients to use Training industrial clients to use contemporary collaboration contemporary collaboration technology and methodologies technology and methodologies

Re-engineering of organizational Re-engineering of organizational practices involves considerable practices involves considerable resources resources


Graphic Literacy Education in Graphic Literacy Education in RTURTU

Bachelor studies – 4.5 yearsBachelor studies – 4.5 years 1st study year1st study year

Descriptive Geometry, 4 CP, CompulsoryDescriptive Geometry, 4 CP, Compulsory Computer Literacy, 2CP, Compulsory (nothing about CAD)Computer Literacy, 2CP, Compulsory (nothing about CAD)

3rd study year 3rd study year CAD Applications in Architecture, 2 CP, CompulsoryCAD Applications in Architecture, 2 CP, Compulsory Advanced CAD, 2CP, Optional (some students select)Advanced CAD, 2CP, Optional (some students select)

Professional Studies 1.5 yearsProfessional Studies 1.5 years Not specifiedNot specified

Master Studies (2 years)Master Studies (2 years) Computer Aided Design, 2 CP, CompulsoryComputer Aided Design, 2 CP, Compulsory

2 CP = 2 Acad. Contact Hours x 16 week + 48 Hours Independent Work


2D CAD Skills Acquired2D CAD Skills Acquired

21

14

24

17

7

17

0

10

20

30

40

0 1 2 3 4 5Study semester

Nu

mb

er

of

stu

de

nts

(%

fro

m a

ll)

3rd year 04/05

Before University

83%

17% AutoCAD

Another CAD

Total Number Students Questioned - 46

CAAD is Allowed in Projects


Intersection Exercise from Intersection Exercise from Descriptive Geometry Descriptive Geometry

CourseCourse

The same assignment exercise is suggested to be solved using 4 different CAD methods reporting the time required to complete it and discussing the emotions


2D 2D anyanyCAD ExerciseCAD Exercise

R2 = 0,7217

0

20

40

60

80

1 2 3 4 5ArchiCAD Competence Level

Tim

e, m

in

2D CAD

Linear (2D CAD)

Student’s Reported(Self Evaluation)

?

Beginner Profession

al


3D ArchiCAD Exercise3D ArchiCAD Exercise

R2 = 0,86410

25

50

75

100

125


Tim

e, m

in

3D ArchiCAD

Linear (3D ArchiCAD)


SketchUpSketchUp

Fills the existing gap in Computer Aided Fills the existing gap in Computer Aided Conceptual Design stageConceptual Design stage

Expands the ability to explore design Expands the ability to explore design through the use of 3D modellingthrough the use of 3D modelling

Provides fast feedback during conceptual Provides fast feedback during conceptual design study design study

Demonstrates the power of emerging Demonstrates the power of emerging technologies technologies


3D SketchUp Exercise3D SketchUp Exercise

R2 = 0,00010

20

40

60

80


Tim

e,

min

3D SketchUp

Linear (3D SketchUp)

Wrong Self Evaluation ?


GDL codeGDL code MODEL SOLIDMATERIAL cPYRAMID 4, 3.4, 63, 0, -2.8, 0, 2.8, 1.6, 0, -2.8, 1.6, 0, 0, -2.8, -1ADD .4, 1.75, 1.65ROTz 90ROTy -90MATERIAL dPRISM 4, 4.15, 0, 0, 1.1, 0, 1.1, .65, 0, 1.6 DEL 3ADD 2.6, -2.3, 0ROTz 60ROTx 90MULz -1MATERIAL ePRISM 5, 3.1, 0, 0, 2.15, 0, 2.15, .4, .85, 1.5, 0, .8 DEL 4END

The programming is not that complexas many might believe it is!

The result is achieved through I do and I understandrather than I hear and I forget or I see and I remember


3D GDL Exercise3D GDL Exercise

R2 = 0,28

0

40

80

120

160


Tim

e,

min

3D GDL

Linear (3D GDL)

Wrong Self Evaluation ?I guess so!


ConclusionConclusion

More impact on More impact on ITIT tutoringtutoring rather than rather than teachingteaching

No 2D draftingNo 2D drafting with AutoCAD for architects with AutoCAD for architects If you learn If you learn any3D-CADany3D-CAD primary concepts, primary concepts,

the next one will come much fasterthe next one will come much faster Preference to Preference to How to DesignHow to Design rather than rather than

What to DesignWhat to Design

CAAD education experience in RTU


BALTGRAF-BALTGRAF-20020066

The Eighth International The Eighth International Baltic Conference on Baltic Conference on Geometry and Geometry and Engineering GraphicsEngineering Graphics

JuneJune 9-10 9-10, 200, 20066..

TallinnTallinn, , EstoEstoniania

Follow the information on the Web http://bf.rtu.lv/~grafika/BALTGRAF.htm

http://bf.rtu.lv/~grafika/BALTGRAF.htm

http://bf.rtu.lv/~grafika/BALTGRAF.htm


Thank youThank you

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