infants and young children are at high risk for fluid and electrolyte imbalances. which of the...
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Infants and young children are at high risk for fluid and electrolyte imbalances. Which of the following factors contribute to this vulnerability?A. Decreased body surface areaB. Lower metabolic rateC. Mature kidney functionD. Increased Extracellular fluid volume
Infants and young children are at high risk for fluid and electrolyte imbalances. Which of the following factors contribute to this vulnerability?A. Decreased body surface areaB. Lower metabolic rateC. Mature kidney functionD. Increased Extracellular fluid volume
2. __________ dehydration occurs when electrolyte and water deficits are present in balanced proportion.A. IsotonicB. HypotonicC. Hypertonic
2. __________ dehydration occurs when electrolyte and water deficits are present in balanced proportion.A. IsotonicB. HypotonicC. Hypertonic
3. __________ dehydration occurs when electrolyte deficit exceeds the water deficit. (Electrolyte loss > water loss)A. IsotonicB. HypotonicC. Hypertonic
3. __________ dehydration occurs when electrolyte deficit exceeds the water deficit. (Electrolyte loss > water loss)A. IsotonicB. HypotonicC. Hypertonic
4. An infant with moderate dehydration has what clinical signs?A. Mottled skin color, decreased pulse and respirationB. Decreased U.O., tachycardia, and feverC. Tachycardia, oliguria, capillary filling 2-3 secondsD. Tachycardia, bulging fontanel, decreased blood pressure
4. An infant with moderate dehydration has what clinical signs?A. Mottled skin color, decreased pulse and respirationB. Decreased U.O., tachycardia, and feverC. Tachycardia, oliguria, capillary filling 2-3 secondsD. Tachycardia, bulging fontanel, decreased blood pressure
5. Rapid fluid replacement is CONTRAINDICATED in which one of the following types of dehydration?
A. IsotonicB. HypotonicC. Hypertonic
5. Rapid fluid replacement is CONTRAINDICATED in which one of the following types of dehydration?
A. IsotonicB. HypotonicC. Hypertonic
6. An infant weighs 8 kg. The maintenance fluids per day would be ____________.How fast would you run the IV if the child were not taking any liquids PO? ______
6. An infant weighs 8 kg. The maintenance fluids per day would be 8 x 100cc/kg = 800cc/day.How fast would you run the IV if the child were not taking any liquids PO? 33cc/hr
7. Diarrhea most commonly causes which one of the following?A. respiratory acidosisB. respiratory alkalosisC. metabolic acidosisD. metabolic alkalosis
7. Diarrhea most commonly causes which one of the following?A. respiratory acidosisB. respiratory alkalosisC. metabolic acidosisD. metabolic alkalosis
7. Tim is a one month old infant admitted for uncontrolled vomiting. The nurse will observe Tim for signs of which one of the following?A. alkalosisB. acidosis
7. Tim is a one month old infant admitted for uncontrolled vomiting. The nurse will observe Tim for signs of which one of the following?A. alkalosisB. acidosis
8. Which of the following is MOST likely to develop acute diarrhea?A. A 2 month old infant who attends daycare each dayB. An 18 month old who stays at home each day with his motherC. A 6 year old who attends public schoolD. A 24 month old infant with two older brothers, aged 5 and 8 years
8. Which of the following is MOST likely to develop acute diarrhea?A. A 2 month old infant who attends daycare each dayB. An 18 month old who stays at home each day with his motherC. A 6 year old who attends public schoolD. A 24 month old infant with two older brothers, aged 5 and 8 years
9. A 7 year old with acute diarrhea has been rehydrated with oral rehydration fluids. The nurse should recommend that the child’s diet be advanced to include which of the following?A. regular dietB. clear liquidsC. high-carbohydrate dietD. BRAT diet (bananas, rice, apples, toast)
9. A 7 year old with acute diarrhea has been rehydrated with oral rehydration fluids. The nurse should recommend that the child’s diet be advanced to include which of the following?A. regular dietB. clear liquidsC. high-carbohydrate dietD. BRAT diet (bananas, rice, apples, toast)
10. A 2 month old breast-fed infant is successfully rehydrated with oral rehydration solutions for acute diarrhea. Instructions to the mother about breastfeeding should include which of the following?A. continue breast-feedingB. stop breast feeding until breast milk is culturedC. Stop breast-feeding until diarrhea is absent for 24 hoursD. Express breast milk and kilute with sterile water before feeding it
10. A 2 month old breast-fed infant is successfully rehydrated with oral rehydration solutions for acute diarrhea. Instructions to the mother about breastfeeding should include which of the following?A. continue breast-feedingB. stop breast feeding until breast milk is culturedC. Stop breast-feeding until diarrhea is absent for 24 hoursD. Express breast milk and kilute with sterile water before feeding it