industry, empire and the realist style
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Industry, Empire and the Realist Style. Industrialism Nationalism Realism. Population Changes. During the 19 th Century the population of Europe doubled Despite 60 million Europeans emigrating US Canada South America Australia/New Zealand. Industrial Revolution. 1750 to 1850 - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Industry, Empire and the Realist Style
IndustrialismNationalismRealism
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Population Changes During the 19th Century the population of
Europe doubled Despite 60 million Europeans emigrating
USCanadaSouth AmericaAustralia/New Zealand
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Industrial Revolution 1750 to 1850 Starts in England
Steam engineTextile production
Rise of factoriesMass production Urbanization
Rise of corporations
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England’s Industries
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Coal Mining in Britain1800 1 ton of coal 50,000 miners
1850 30 tons 200,000 miners
1880 300 million tons 500,000 miners
1914 250 million tons 1,200,000 miners
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Young Coal Miners
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British PigIron Production
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Factory Production Concentrates production in one
place [materials, labor]. Located near sources of power
[rather than labor or markets]. Requires a lot of capital
investment [factory, machines, etc.] more than skilled labor.
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Textile FactoryWorkers in England
1813 2,400 looms 150,000 workers
1833 85,000 looms 200,000 workers
1850 224,000 looms >1 million workers
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The Factory System Rigid schedule. 12-14 hour day. Dangerous
conditions. Mind-numbing
monotony.
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Young “Bobbin-Doffers”
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Stereotype of the Factory Owner
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“Upstairs/Downstairs” Life
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The Power Loom
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James Watt’s Steam Engine
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Steam Ship
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Steam Ships in the Opium War
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Steam Locomotive
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Impact of the Railroad
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Industrial Staffordshire
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Percentage of World Manufacturing Output 1750 - 1900
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Nationalism Unification of Germany Unification of Italy Expansion of Russia Western economic control of
Africa, Latin America and Asia
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Unification of Italy
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Unification of Germany
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Expansion of Russia
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Colonialism
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Political Shifts Democracy
Extension of the vote to the working classSuffrage movement
SocialismBased on work of Marx and Engels
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Suffrage Emmeline Pankhurst Women’s Party in 1917:
Equal pay for equal work.
Equal marriage & divorce laws.
A national system of maternity benefits.
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Representation of the People Act (1918)
Women over 30 got the right to vote.
All men gained suffrage.
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The Socialists:Utopians and Marxists
The people operate and own the means of production, not individuals.
Goal - society benefits everyone, not just the rich.
Tried to build perfect communities [utopias].
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Realism Response to the social and economic
consequences of industrialism Objective and un-idealized Socially conscious to issues of class and
gender
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Crystal Palace Exhibition 1851
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Crystal Palace Exhibition 1851
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Crystal Palace Exhibition 1851
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Paris Exposition 1889 World’s Fair
held in honor of the French Revolution Centennial.
The Eiffel Tower, completed in 1889, served as the entrance to the Fair.
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Paris Exposition 1889Gallery of Machinery