individual differences – in views of different thinking styles cheng sze-man 12 june 2009 cheng...
TRANSCRIPT
Individual Differences Individual Differences – In views of different – In views of different
thinking stylesthinking styles
CHENG Sze-man12 June 2009
Style vs. Ability - 1Style vs. Ability - 11. A style is a way of thinking. It is
not an ability, but rather, a preferred way of using abilities one has.
2. An ability refers to how well someone can do something
3. A style refers to how someone likes to do something.
1. A style is a way of thinking. It is not an ability, but rather, a preferred way of using abilities one has.
2. An ability refers to how well someone can do something
3. A style refers to how someone likes to do something.
QuestionQuestion
1. What should we look at? Ability? Style?
2. Do we recognise the variety of thinking and learning styles that children bring to their classrooms?
1. What should we look at? Ability? Style?
2. Do we recognise the variety of thinking and learning styles that children bring to their classrooms?
Rule to rememberRule to remember
1. What happens to us in life depends not just on how well we think, but also how we think.
1. What happens to us in life depends not just on how well we think, but also how we think.
Style vs. Ability - 2Style vs. Ability - 2
1. A profile of style2. Identical in ability but different
styles
1. A profile of style2. Identical in ability but different
styles
Mental GovernmentMental Government
1. To decide on priorities2. To allocate our resource3. To be responsive to changes in
the world
1. To decide on priorities2. To allocate our resource3. To be responsive to changes in
the world
Functions of Self-mental Government
Functions of Self-mental Government
1. Executive – carries out initiatives, policies;
2. Legislative – design and advocate rules and laws for the betterment of people’s living; and
3. Judicial – evaluate whether the laws are being carried out correctly
1. Executive – carries out initiatives, policies;
2. Legislative – design and advocate rules and laws for the betterment of people’s living; and
3. Judicial – evaluate whether the laws are being carried out correctly
ExecutiveExecutive
1. follow rules;2. fill in the gaps within existing structu
res;3. prefer problems that are prestructur
ed
1. follow rules;2. fill in the gaps within existing structu
res;3. prefer problems that are prestructur
ed
They like toThey like toThey like toThey like to
LegislativeLegislative
1. come up with their own ways of doing things;
2. prefer to decide for themselves what they will do and how they will do it;
3. prefer problems not prestructured
1. come up with their own ways of doing things;
2. prefer to decide for themselves what they will do and how they will do it;
3. prefer problems not prestructured
They like toThey like toThey like toThey like to
JudicialJudicial
1. evaluate rules and procedures;2. evaluate existing things and
ideas;3. prefer problems that require
analysis
1. evaluate rules and procedures;2. evaluate existing things and
ideas;3. prefer problems that require
analysis
They like toThey like toThey like toThey like to
Forms of Self-mental Government
Forms of Self-mental Government
1. Monarchic – single-minded and driven;
2. Hierarchic – hierarchy of goals and set priorities;
3. Oligarchic – multi-tasking; and4. Anarchic – motivated by potpourri of
needs and goals
1. Monarchic – single-minded and driven;
2. Hierarchic – hierarchy of goals and set priorities;
3. Oligarchic – multi-tasking; and4. Anarchic – motivated by potpourri of
needs and goals
Levels of Self-mental Government
Levels of Self-mental Government
1. Global – deal with relatively large and abstract issues, ignore details, prefer to see the forest rather than the tree; and
2. Local – concrete problems requiring working with detail, don to earth, lose the forest for the tree
1. Global – deal with relatively large and abstract issues, ignore details, prefer to see the forest rather than the tree; and
2. Local – concrete problems requiring working with detail, don to earth, lose the forest for the tree
Scopes of Self-mental Government
Scopes of Self-mental Government
1. Internal – introverted, task oriented, aloof, and sometimes socially less aware; and
2. External – extroverted, outgoing and people oriented, socially sensitive and aware of what going on with others
1. Internal – introverted, task oriented, aloof, and sometimes socially less aware; and
2. External – extroverted, outgoing and people oriented, socially sensitive and aware of what going on with others
Leanings of Self-mental Government
Leanings of Self-mental Government
1. Liberal – go beyond existing rules and procedures, maximise changes; and
2. Conservative – adhere to existing rules and procedures, minimise changes
1. Liberal – go beyond existing rules and procedures, maximise changes; and
2. Conservative – adhere to existing rules and procedures, minimise changes
Inside classroomInside classroom
1. At least some of each should match their styles of thinking
2. Students need to learn that the world does not provide a perfect match all the time
1. At least some of each should match their styles of thinking
2. Students need to learn that the world does not provide a perfect match all the time
Inside classroomInside classroomMethod of instruction Most compatible stylesLecture Executive, Hierarchical
Thought-based questioning
Judicial, Legislative
Cooperative (group) learning
External
Projects Legislative
Inside classroomInside classroomMethod of instruction Most compatible stylesProblem solving of given problems
Executive
Small group: factual questions
External, Executive
Small group: discussing ideas
External, Judicial
Reading Internal, Hierarchical
ImplicationImplication
1. Teachers need to use a variety of methods in their teaching
2. Difference in mode of teaching benefits different styles
1. Teachers need to use a variety of methods in their teaching
2. Difference in mode of teaching benefits different styles
AssessmentAssessmentMethod of assessment
Main skills tapped
Most compatible styles
SQ & MC Memory Executive, Local
Analysis Judicial, Local
Time Hierarchical
Work alone
Internal
AssessmentAssessmentMethod of assessment
Main skills tapped
Most compatible styles
Essay Memory Executive, Local
Macro analysis
Judicial, Global
Micro analysis
Judicial, Local
Creativity Legislative
AssessmentAssessmentMethod of assessment
Main skills tapped
Most compatible styles
Essay Organisation
Hierarchical
Time Hierarchical
Acceptance
Conservative
Work alone Internal
AssessmentAssessmentMethod of assessment
Main skills tapped
Most compatible styles
Projects and Portfolios
Analysis Judicial
Creativity Legislative
Teamwork External
AssessmentAssessmentMethod of assessment
Main skills tapped
Most compatible styles
Projects and Portfolios
Work alone Internal
Organisation
Hierarchical
High Commitment
Monarchic
AssessmentAssessmentMethod of assessment
Main skills tapped
Most compatible styles
Interview Social Ease External