INDIRECT SPEECH

Snežana TomaševićPrimary School Dositej Obradović Vrba

May, 2015

Direct speech-Upravni govorPri upotrebi direktnog govora u pisanju :

upotrebljavati znake navoda (citirane reči moraju biti između “ ”)

Prva citirana reč mora imati veliko početno slovo

Kada citiramo reči nove/druge osobe moramo početi novi red.

Direct Speech

I’ve hurt my knee!

“I’ve hurt my knee!” says the boy.

Direct speech

I like this dress.

The woman said, “I like this dress.”

Indirect Speech- Indirektni govorNaziva se još i NEUPRAVNI GOVOR.Pri upotrebi indirektnog govora u pisanju se :

ne upotrebljavaju znaci navoda;

obično treba da se promene zamenice i glagolska vremena;

kada saopštavamo reči nove/ druge osobe ne moramo početi novi red.

Direct/ Indirect Speech

I’ve hurt my knee!

The boy says that he has hurt his knee.

Direct/ Indirect Speech

I like this dress.

The woman says that she likes this dress.

Najčešći uvodni glagoli su:

say (that) tell somebody(that)

Reporting Verbs- Uvodni glagoli

Ako je uvodni glagol u prezentu glagolsko vreme direktnog govora se ne menja.

Menjaju se samo zamenice i prisvojni pridevi.

Ali says, “I like to fly kites”.Ali says (that) he likes to fly kites.

Reporting Verbs- Uvodni glagoli

I he/ she we theymine his/ hers/oursme him/herours theirsus themmyself/ourselves himself/herself/ themselves

Change of Pronouns-Promena zamenica

Change of pronouns

The doctor says, “You are getting better”.The doctor says that she is getting better.

You are getting better!

Direct speech / Indirect speech

George says: “I want to eat.”

George says that he wants to eat.

Direct speech / Indirect speech

“I hate horor films.” says Sergio.

Sergio says that he hates horror films.

Direct speech Indirect speech

Subject + reporting verb + (that) + subject + verb…

Kada je uvodni glagol u prošlom vremenu sva sadašnja vremena direktnog govora se menjaju u odgovarajuća prošla vremena.

Polly said, “I am cold.”Polly said (that) she was cold.

Reporting Verbs- Uvodni glagoli

• Paul said, “I am feeling ill”. Paul said that he was feeling ill.

Šta se menja?1. Nema zapete i znaka navoda ( , “” ) u

indirektnom govoru.2. Dodajemo that (opciono)3. Izmena zamenica(I He)4. Promena glagolskog vremena am was)

Change of tenses

Direct Speech Indirect Speech

Simple Present

Present Continuous

Simple Past Tense

Present Perfect

Simple PastSimple Past

Past Past Continuous

Past PerfectPast Perfect

Past Perfect

Change of tenses

Direct Speech Indirect Speech

PLAY( PLAYS); GO (GOES)

AM/ IS/ ARE GOING

PLAYED; WENT

HAVE/ HAS GONE

PLAYED; WENTPLAYED; WENT

WAS/ WERE GOINGWAS/ WERE GOING

HAD PLAYED; HAD PLAYED; HAD WENTHAD WENT

HAD GONE

Examples 1

“The teacher isis strict.”

“The teacher isis strict.”

She said (that) the teacher waswas strict.

She said (that) the teacher waswas strict.

“The teacher is givingis giving everyone an A.”

“The teacher is givingis giving everyone an A.”

He said (that) the teacher was was givinggiving everyone an A.

He said (that) the teacher was was givinggiving everyone an A.

Examples 2

“Somebody putput the final exam on the Internet.”

“Somebody putput the final exam on the Internet.”

She said (that) somebody had puthad put the final exam on the Internet.

She said (that) somebody had puthad put the final exam on the Internet.

“The teacher has gradedhas graded our grammar tests.”

“The teacher has gradedhas graded our grammar tests.”

Joe said (that) the teacher had had gradedgraded our grammar tests.

Joe said (that) the teacher had had gradedgraded our grammar tests.

• 1. “The library isis closed.” He said…

• 2. “We are going are going to the match.” They said…

• 3. “She ‘s made ‘s made a big mistake.” You said…

Change the direct speech into indirect speech.

“My friend is helpingis helping me study.” She said…She said…Example:

She said (that) her friend was helpingwas helping her study.

He said (that) the library was closedwas closed.

They said (that) they were going were going to the match.

PracticePractice

You said (that) she had made had made a big mistake.

Modal Verbs- Modalni glagoli

Direct Speech Indirect Speech

will

can

may

must

wouldwould

couldcould

mightmight

had tohad to

Examples 1

“The test will bewill be difficult.”

“The test will bewill be difficult.”

He said (that) the test would would bebe difficult.

He said (that) the test would would bebe difficult.

She said (that) we could usecould use our notes on the test.

She said (that) we could usecould use our notes on the test.

“You cancan useuse your notes on the test.”

“You cancan useuse your notes on the test.”

Examples 2

She said (that) we had had to studyto study hard for the final exam.

She said (that) we had had to studyto study hard for the final exam.

“You must must studystudy hard for the final exam.”

“You must must studystudy hard for the final exam.”

“We may may havehave a new teacher.”

“We may may havehave a new teacher.”

She said (that) we might havemight have a new teacher.

She said (that) we might havemight have a new teacher.

1. “We’ll help’ll help you with your homework.” They said…

2. “Anna must finishmust finish her project.” He said…

3. “She may takemay take a different class.” You said…

“You can relaxcan relax about the exam.” She said…

Example:

She said (that) I could relaxcould relax about the exam.

They said (that) they would helpwould help me with my homework.

He said (that) Anna had to finishhad to finish her project.

You said (that) she might takemight take a different class.

PracticePractice Change the direct speech into indirect speech.

Indirect Speech 3Sledeći modalni glagoli se ne menjaju u neupravnom govoru: should, could, might, and ought to.

“You shouldn’t shouldn’t

telltell this secret to anyone.”

“You shouldn’t shouldn’t

telltell this secret to anyone.”

She said I (that) shouldn’t tellshouldn’t tell this secret to

anyone.

She said I (that) shouldn’t tellshouldn’t tell this secret to

anyone.

“You mightmight telltell this to a friend.”

“You mightmight telltell this to a friend.”

!!!!He said

(that)I mightmight tell tell this to a

friend.

He said (that)I mightmight tell tell this to a

friend.

Indirect Speech 3Direct Speech Indirect Speech

AM, ISARE

HAVE,HASDO, DOES

WASWEREHAD

DIDWORK, WORKS WORKEDPLAYED, WENT HAD PLAYED/ HAD GONE

WILL WOULDCAN COULD

MUST HAD TOMAY MIGHT

Indirect Speech 3Reči kojima se izražava blizina (u vremenu i prostoru) se menjaju rečima kojima se izražava udaljenost.

“I can go out

tomorrow.”

“I can go out

tomorrow.”

She said she (that) could could gogo out the next day.

She said she (that) could could gogo out the next day.

Indirect Speech 3Direct Speech Indirect Speech

THIS/ THESENOW

TOMORROWYESTERDAY

THAT / THOSETHEN

THE NEXT DAY

THE DAY BEFORENEXT WEEK/ MONTH THE FOLLOWING WEEK/LAST WEEK/ MONTH PREVIOUS WEEK/ MONTHTODAY THAT DAY

HERE THEREAGO BEFORE

U čemu je razlika: say ili tell?“I want to be famous,” said Alex to her friends.Alex told her friends (that) she

wanted to be famous.

Alex said (that) she wanted to be famous.

Reporting Verbs- Uvodni glagoli

• Emma said to her mother, “I have bought the gift today”.• Emma told her mother _________________ the gift______________.

• Father said, “If I can, I’ll pick you up at school tomorrow.” • Father said that if __________ ,_____________________ up at school ____________ • Andy said, “I can finish this exercise.” • Andy said that ________________ _____ exercise..

she had bought

he could he would pick me/us

he could finish

the next day.

PracticePractice Complete the sentences.

that day

that

“My parents are very well”. He said that his parents

were very well.

PracticePractice

My father has been in New York

He said that his father had been in New York.

“I'm going to learn to drive.”

Jenny said that she was going to learn to drive.

PracticePractice

Jenny “We can finish this in time”.

Jason said that they could finish that in time.

Jason

The inspector said that he was glad to be with me that day.

PracticePractice

“You should eat more vegetables”.

Tom said that I should eat more vegetables.

Tom The inspector

“ I am glad to be with you today.”

Exercises

Writing Time

1. My friends said, “He is very handsome.”

2. The girl said, “The flower is pretty.”

3. The old man said, “The rain is falling very heavily.”

My friends said (that) he is very handsome.

The girl said that the flower was pretty.

The old man said that the rain was falling very heavily.

4. The Principal said, “All the students have passed.”

5. He said, “ I shall discuss this matter next week.”

6. She said, “ We moved to this house 2 weeks ago.”

The Principal said (that) all the students had passed.

He said (that) he would discuss that matter the following week.

She said that they had moved to that house two weeks before.

7. “We must go early tomorrow”, said my father.

8. Emma said to her mother, ‘’I am feeding my cats.’’

9. “You can see Big Ben if you go to London,” the tour guide said.

My father said (that)we had to go early the next day.

Emma told her mother (that) she was feeding her cats.

The tour guide said (that) I could see Big Ben if I went to London.