Assignment 3

Indirect Lighting

A- Cove lighting

is one of the basic lighting techniques, a type of up lighting that directs light to the ceiling

plane from a cove on one or more sides of a room to provide overall diffuse illumination.

It is also referred to as ambient luminescence. Cove lighting is typically mounted to or

incorporated into a wall, but it can also be located within a ceiling coffer.

Some things to consider when setting up a cove lighting detail:

1. Be aware of how you are positioning the fixtures. Any joints or gaps between fixtures will show

up in the light pattern. Socket shadows (dark spots at the end of a lamp) can be eliminated by

placing fixtures end-to-end, in a staggered or a slanted arrangement. Depending on source

selection, make sure to use the appropriate spacing between fixtures as well as the positioning

from the back wall of the cove.

2. The top of the lamp should be level with the cove fascia; if not, it will create shadow lines. 3. To prevent sharp cutoff lines, stop a cove short of the end wall. 4. Generally, ceiling surface should be a high-reflectance matte or satin finish surface. The inside surface of the cove should be flat white. This minimizes specula reflections. 5. As a cove nears end wall, maintain a minimum clearance of 12 inches at inside corners to prevent hot spots. 6. As the cove’s distance from the ceiling plane increases, the uniformity of the ceiling brightness will also increase

Types of Cave Lighting

1 - Rope Cove Lighting Fixtures

This cove lighting option is the most inexpensive and the easiest to

mount. Rope cove lighting is available in a variety of sizes and can be

plugged into an electrical outlet. This type of lighting is not as bright as

other types of cove lighting and should be used as an accent light

source rather than a primary one. It will create a soft glow effect in a

room. It can also be made to provide more light by installing 2 rope

rows next to each other. If you decide to install to rows together, be

sure you have read the recommendations provided by the manufacturer

of the rope fixtures for the correct amount of space required for a safe

installation.

2 - Fluorescent Cove Lighting Fixtures

These T5 fluorescent fixtures are energy efficient form of cove lighting.

Installing fluorescent cove lighting fixtures requires more time and precision in

the placement than rope fixtures. Some fluorescent cove lighting fixtures are

designed to be overlapped so that there are no low light or dark spaces. These

fixtures are more expensive than rope fixtures but they are still a reasonable

priced lighting item. Adding the dimmer feature to these fixtures will add to the

cost of the installation.

3 - Linear Cove Lighting Fixtures

Linear or track cover lighting is pricier than rope and fluorescent fixtures but are

low voltage and add a beautiful effect to a room. The bulbs can be moved to

produce a brighter or dimmer result. As with the fluorescent cove lighting, these

fixtures can also be dimmed. They work well as a means of illuminating counters,

kitchen islands, bars and other task light areas.

4 - LED Cove Lighting Fixtures

These fixtures are the most costly of all of the options however their diminished

electricity requirement enables them to be used for extended periods of time

without the need to change or replace them. These fixtures can be secured to

aluminum and encased with prismatic covers. A dimmer can be attached to these

fixtures. The bulbs are available in a wide range of lighting effects from warm

white to color.

5 - Ceiling Cove Lighting

Installed under a lip or trim on a wall and faced upwards, these fixtures shine

directly on the ceiling area. They can be installed throughout the entire perimeter

of the ceiling or in specifically chosen accent spots. The bright light provided by the

bulbs makes the ceiling location successful as a primary light source. The cove

lighting fixtures should be positioned about one foot from the ceiling.

6 - Wall Cove Lighting

Cove lighting can be installed under a wall lip or trim and faced downward to shine

on a wall. These fixtures are mainly used as accent lights because the bright lights

would be too hard on the eyes when they are facing downward.

B- Valance lighting:- A method of indirect lighting, by concealing the fixture behind a suspended valance, whereby the light can be directedupward or downward.

C-Cornice lighting Most types of cornice are installed with the purpose of softening the join between wall and ceiling. However, in recent years, up lighting cornice has become more and more popular, with the advent of low cost, energy efficient LED lighting and TV designer makeover shows.

Styles of cornice for up lighting

There are many sizes and profiles of up lighting cornice to suit differing room sizes and ceiling heights, from traditional Victorian

cornice to match an older period property, to more modern and contemporary designs that will suit buildings undergoing a modern

restoration. Again, cornice profile sizes can range from just a few centimeters in height and projection, to those which are nearly

30cm in height and which look terrific in a hotel lobby or restaurant.

How to install up lighters securely

It should be noted that only cornice specifically designed for use as an up lighter should be used since these have been purpose

designed with a double fixing point to the wall and mounting lugs to hold the lighting. Normal coving or cornice patterns are not

suitable for use as up-lighters. (Standard cornice is normally attached on the top edge to the ceiling and on the back edge to the

wall. Trying to fix it by just the single wall mounting point will not give sufficient hold to prevent the cornice from pulling away.)

Similarly an up lighting cornice or trough should be made in a material that is as light as possible, such as hardened high density

polyurethane. Hanging a heavy run of plaster projecting from a wall is quite risky, as the natural inclination will be for gravity to

pull it out and down. A large amount of mechanical fixing would be needed to fully secure the run. This is can be a time consuming

process, whereas lighter materials will only require adhesive and minimal fixings.

D- Soffit lighting:- Soffit lighting refers to lighting systems directed mainly at planar surfaces rather than the whole room space. Lighting fixtures in corners and floors, often hidden from view, shine on walls and ceilings, providing partial lighting for the room through reflection. This is often used for atmospheric effects, especially in restaurants and theaters, and in rooms where dim lighting is desired.

This soffit cross section illustrates the framing, wiring and trim details. You can build deeper or taller soffits, but it's important to make yours at least 8 in. high to leave enough room for mounting recessed lights. The lighting fixtures in our soffit are of two types: “rope” lighting for unobtrusive mood lighting and recessed soffit fixtures for specific lighting tasks. Rope lighting's all the rage among designers. It's cheap, and it can be cut to length for shorter runs or spliced together for longer ones. Special splicing connections and end caps make that easy. Measure the inner perimeter of the soffit to determine how much rope light you'll need. The home center will carry lengths from just a few feet to dozens of feet. E- Wall Bracket lighting:-

References: 1. http://www.ifinishedmybasement.com/framing-basement/framing-around-

ductwork/ 2. http://www.bookeys.com/tag/valance-lighting-definition/ 3. http://www.slideshare.net/AZMAT0/lighting-systems-and-their-designmau-

jmi2014 4. http://www.archlighting.com/projects/cove-lighting_o 5. Cove Lighting book 6. http://ledoux.en.alibaba.com/product/746723156-

215644106/Modern_design_2W_wall_mounted_led_wall_bracket_light_fitting.html