IndiaEmily Zender and Halie Jesperson

Geography • Major Cities and Ports▫ New Delhi – India’s capital and one of the

largest and oldest cosmopolitan cities located on the Yamuna River.

▫ Mumbai – is the financial capital of India, and Bollywood resides here.

▫ 11 major sea ports exist between the 2 coasts, and 139 minor ports with 16,000 kilometers of inland waterways.

• Territories/ Districts▫ The administrative divisions consists of the

national capital territory of Delhi, 28 states with their own local governments, and 6 centrally administered union territories.

• Terrain▫ Diverse landscape ranging from mountains

to deserts.

▫ Excessive climate – intense heat to extreme amounts of rain.

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Gross Domestic Product

•GDP = $3.305 trillion•GDP per capita = $2,600•GDP growth = 9%

• India is the fourth largest country ... in purchasing power

▫ United States = $13 trillion (up 3.3% from 2005) ▫ China = $10 trillion (up 10.7%) ▫ Japan = $4.17 trillion (up 2.2%) ▫ India = $4.16 trillion (up 9.2%)

Agriculture vs. Service vs. Manufacturing

• Agriculture = 17.8% of GDP▫Employs about 58% of the work force

•Service = 16.4% of GDP▫A top global player in technology

•Manufacturing = 52.8% of GDP▫Automobile industry is the largest division

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Demographics

• India is the world’s 2nd largest country ▫ 1.15 billion people

• Life expectancy = 69.25 years▫ Male – 66.87 years▫ Female – 71.9 years

• Literacy rate = 79.9% (age 15+ read and write)

▫ Male – 73.4%▫ Female – 47.8%

• Infant mortality rate = 57/1,000 births▫ High infant mortality due to malnutrition

• Child mortality rate = 73/1,000 births▫ Of the 10 million children's deaths, 2.1 million are Indians

• Maternal mortality rate = 450/100,000 births

http://causebecause.files.wordpress.com/2009/10/poverty-in-india.jpg

andhttp://www.anonlineindia.com/images/poverty-2.jpg

UNITED STATES of AMERICA

• GDP = $14.44 trillion• GDP per capita = $47,500

• GDP growth = 2.1%

• Agriculture = 1.2%• Service = 19.2%

• Manufacturing = 79.6%

• Population = 307,212,123▫ 3rd largest

▫ 0.975% growth• Life Expectancy = 78.11 years

▫ Male – 75.65▫ Female – 80.69

• Literacy Rate = 99%▫ Both male and female

• Infant Mortality Rate▫ 6.26 deaths/ 1,000 live births

http://onedollarland.com http://www.iatselocal80.org

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P O V E R T Y

• 456 million Indians (42%) live under $1/day▫ Third of the global poor reside in India

Rural = 28% and Urban = 26%

• Access to Potable Water = 89% and Improved Sanitation = 33%

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http://www.millennium-home.com/images/India%20Slums%20082808.jpg

http://www.lightrailnow.org

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GLOBALIZATION

Foreign Direct Investment Multinational Corporations

• 2001 = $42.3 billion• 2002 = $54.1 billion• 2003 = $75.4 billion• 2004 = $113 billion

Top FDI Companies:• 1. General Motors• 2. IBM• 3. Toyota/Nissan• 4. Wal-Mart

Major Contributing Countries:• 1. Mauritius• 2. Singapore• 3. United States• 4. United Kingdom

• American Companies = 37% of the top 20 firms operating in India.

Proctor and GambleMorgan Stanley

Yum! GroupMcDonalds

WhirlpoolMicrosoftCoco Cola

ReebokAT&TPepsiIntelFord

http://www.globeinfotech.com/images/technology.jpg

TradeImports

Exports

• Imports: $287.5 billion• Partners:

▫ China 10.6%, US 7.8%, Germany 4.4%, Singapore 4.4%

• Commodities: ▫ Gems, crude oil, fertilizer, chemicals

and machinery

• Exports: $175.7 billion• Partners:

▫ US 15%, China 8.7%, UAE 8.7%, UK 4.4%

• Commodities: ▫ Petroleum products, textile goods, gems

and jewelry, engineering goods, chemicals, leather manufactures

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• In 2002, India eliminated quotas on 1,420 consumer imports, and has incrementally lowered non-agricultural customs duties.▫ However, the tax structure is complex, with

compounding effects of various taxes.• In 2006, India and China opened the Nathu La Pass to

bilateral trade for the first time in 40 years.▫ India and China are working on improving their

relationship for both of their benefits.• In 2007, the U.S. and India’s bilateral merchandise trade =

$41.6 billion.

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Political System• India’s political system is known as the Union or Central Government

▫ This is the governing authority of 28 states and 7 union territories, collectively called the Republic of India

• Executive Branch:▫ Chief of State: President Pratibha PATIL (since 25 July 2007)▫ Vice President: Hamid ANSARI (since 11 August 2007) ▫ Prime Minister: Manmohan SINGH (since 22 May 2004) ▫ Cabinet: The cabinet is appointed by the President based on the Prime Minister’s recommendations

• Elections: The President is elected every 5 years by the Electoral College, which consists of elected members of both houses of Parliament and the legislatures of the States ▫ The last election was held in July 2007, and the next will be in July 2012

• The Vice President is elected in the same manner• • The Prime Minister is chosen by Parliamentary members of the majority party following legislative elections

▫ The Prime Minister’s election will occur this year

• Legal System: ▫ Based on English common law▫ Judicial review of legislative acts▫ Accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

(with reservations)▫ Separate personal law codes apply to

Muslims, Christians, and Hindus

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CORRUPTION

• Corruption is rampant in India• India is ranked 85 out of 179 countries in Transparency

• It exists everywhere …

▫ Politics – more than 1/5 of Parliament members faced criminal charges, and many are convicted criminals

▫ Bureaucracy – over 50% of the people have paid bribes to get a job in public office

▫ Judiciary – corruption exists primarily due to delays in the disposable cases and shortage of judges

▫ Police Force – innocent people are often tortured to obtain a ‘confession’ so as to save influential or wealthy offenders

▫ Religion – sell Baptism certificates http://attieheunis.files.wordpress.com/2008/02/corruption.jpg

Education

•In 2008, 40 million children attended secondary school

•37% of secondary students fail and 11% dropout before the exam

•Enrollment between states▫ 92% in Kerala ▫ 44% in Tamil Nadu▫ 22% in Bihar▫ 4% in Jharkhand

http://www.industrialeconomist.com/cover-story.htm

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Diseases in India

• India is recovering from being plagued with diseases ▫ Leprosy

Accounted for 2/3 of the world’s leprosy burden (300,000 per yr)

1991 – 24/10,000 and today – 1/10,000▫ Cataract Blindness

Accounted for 1/3 of the world’s blind people▫ Tuberculosis ▫ Polio ▫ Malaria ▫ Kala Azar

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India is climbing … UP

• Unprecedented growth

• Unlimited opportunities

• Increased acceptance

• Dominance of youth

• Growth of middle class

• Spread of connectivity and awareness

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Works Cited• Human Development Reports. 2009. UNDP. 30 Oct. 2009 <

http://hdr.undp.org/en>.

• Page, Jeremy. “Indian slum population doubles in two decades.” 18 May 2007. Times Online. 30 Oct. 2009 <http://www.timesonline.co.uk>.

• “The World Factbook.” Nov 2009. Central Intelligence Agency. 9 Nov 2009 <https://www.cia.gov>.

• World Development Reports. 2009. The World Bank Group. 30 Oct. 2009 <http://econ.worldbank.org>.