inclusive development with special consideration to small-scale farmers: addressing land rights...
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INCLUSIVE DEVELOPMENTWITH SPECIAL CONSIDERATION TO
SMALL-SCALE FARMERS:ADDRESSING LAND RIGHTS ISSUES
IN THE NACALA CORRIDOR,
NORTHERN MOZAMBIQUE
March 23-27, 2015Masahiro TAWA, Shinjiro AMAMEISHI, Takuma NOGUCHI, Shunsuke TAMURARural Development Department, Japan International Cooperation Agency, [email protected]
Disclaimer:This Paper and Presentation is the result of analysis of authors. However, the paper and the presentation does not purport to represent the views of the official understanding of JICA, Ministry of Agriculture in Mozambique, Brazilian Agency of Cooperation and other related organizations.
Importance of Small-scale Farmers
• Rapid population growth (2011: 7 billion → 2050: 9 billion)
→ Growing needs of foods → may lead to an instable food security in the world
• 56% of land is owned by small-scale farmers → Developing their capacities are crucial for sustainable food security
Agricultural Development together with Small –scale Farmers and Private sector
▼ Challenges of small-scale farmers ・ Limited financial capacity, limited access to inputs ・ Lack of market access▼ Strong points of private companies ・ Funds, Inputs (Quality Seeds, Fertilizers, etc) ・ Know-how of marketing and technology
↓
☆Farmers and private companies can have win-win partnership
～ Benefits for small-scale famers are essential for improvement of their livelihood and food security ～
Agricultural Development together with Small –scale Farmers and Private Sector
But…•Some investments by private companies are criticized as “Land Grabbing”;
•Necessary for proper setting and guidelines for inclusive agricultural (private) investment (in aligned with PRAI, VGGT, rai, etc), and monitor their performance.
ProSAVANAProSAVANA:Triangular Cooperation Program for Agricultural Development of
the Tropical Savannah in Nacala Corridor, Mozambique (Mozambique, Brazil and Japan)
• Improve livelihood of inhabitants of Nacala Corridor through inclusive and sustainable agricultural and regional development
Nacala Corridor: High potential for Agricultural development Adequate rainfall, vast land, water resources and Close access to city
ProSAVANANacala CorridorPopulation: 4,285,000. Area: 107,002 km2
- Higher rate of poverty than other area in Mozambique
- GNI per capita; 510 USD
Key Indicators
Agriculture production must increase to guarantee food for the growing population
Land Use in Mozambique• Co-existence of modernized law system and
customary practices• Land use based on customary practices→ Potential for conflicts between farmers and private
companies and/or among farmers• Increasing agricultural investments and growing
population ↓
Securement of land use rights is necessary to safeguard farmers’ rights
ProSAVANAIssues for agricultural development
in Nacala Corridor ▼ About 90% are small-scale farmers ▼ Limited access to agriculture technologies by farmers ▼ Limited access to agricultural inputs (fertilizers,
improved seeds, machinery, etc) by farmers ▼ Underdeveloped agricultural finance ▼ Insufficient agricultural extension services ▼ High potential for agricultural development
→ Attractive conditions for private investments
ProSAVANA fosters•Productivity, production and increase of agricultural products diversity;•Commercialization and development of the distribution and agricultural products processing industries;•Provide inputs to farmers that allows the production increase for the benefit of the farmers;•Sustainable use of the natural resources and the land, as a way to garantee a regional stable and sustainable agriculture development for the future;•Introduction of new crops and technologies that improve the farmers income; •Development and support to the creation of value chains in the Nacala Corridor.
ProSAVANA
Contract FarmingProSAVANA is analyzing contract farming schemes.
•Private companies provide agricultural technology, seeds, and inputs to farmers under contract.
•Farmers grow a crops and companies sell them in a market.
•Farmers have ownership of their farming. ～ respecting of their rights
•Contract farming helps small-scale famers improve their farming skills (productivity and production) .
↓Improving famers’ income, livelihood and food security
Contract Farming
▼ Outcome ・ Sales per farmer show an upward trend ・ Agricultural technologies have been improved among participated farmers
▼ Lessons / Challenges ・ Payment to famers was delayed by private companies ・ Quality of products is unstable
Further technical improvements are needed.
ProSAVANA: Putting Ｉ mportance on Farmers’ Right
ProSAVANA protects assets and land rights of small-scale farmers first, and seeks to improve their livelihood.
ProSAVANA guarantees farmers’ own decision-making through sufficient consultations and dialogues between farmers and private companies.
ProSAVANA: Putting importance on Farmers’ Right
▼ JICA is supporting developing a Guideline for responsible and inclusive agricultural investments under Mozambique laws and local circumstances.
▼ Once the Guideline is developed, ProSAVANA will have seminars to investors and government staffs.
ProSAVANA: Putting importance on Farmers’ Right
▼ The ProSAVANA guideline promotes mutual trust between investors and farmers, and protect famers’ rights.
↓Improves the livelihood of small-scale farmers.
ConclusionLessons learned:•Proper consultations and dialogues between local communities and private sector are important at each stage.Challenges:•Capacity development (Farmers, Private Sector, Governments)•Monitoring the progress of the projects
For implementation of ProSAVANA:•Promoting a careful and sufficient consultations and dialogues between small-scale farmers and private companies.•Incorporating opinions of farmers and civil society into the projects
Thank You For Your Attention