In This Issue:Sheriffs Present Scholarship Awards 6The V.A.L.O.R. Project 14My First Brush with the Law 16In and Around the Capitol 19First Joint Conference on Courthouse Security 22Digital Photography Fundamentals 25

Summer, 2009Volume XXX, No. 1

Published by the County Sheriffs of Colorado

Officers - 2009PRESIDENT

Sheriff Doug DarrAdams County

1st VICE PRESIDENTSheriff Rod Johnson

Grand County

2nd VICE PRESIDENTSheriff Joe Hoy

Eagle County

SECRETARY/TREASURERSheriff Stan Hilkey

Mesa County

PAST PRESIDENTSheriff Chris Johnson

Otero County

DIRECTORS:

Sheriff Jim CasiasLas Animas County

Sheriff Fred JobeCuster County

Sheriff Fred McKeeDelta County

Sheriff Lou VallarioGarfield County

Sheriff Gerald WallaceMontezuma County

Executive DirectorDonald E. Christensen

Magazine EditorValorie Hipsher

Layout & DesignAmaranth Graphic Design

The Colorado SheriffVolume 30, Number 1

Summer 2009Published three times a year

by the County Sheriffs ofColorado, Inc.

Paid for by the CSOC H.M. Fund.No Taxpayer dollars are used.

9008 N. US Highway 85, Unit CLittleton, CO 80125

Phone: (720) 344-2762Fax: (720) 344-6500Web: www.csoc.org

C O N T E N T S

ColoradoS H E R I F FColoradoS H E R I F F

O N T H E C O V E RBent County Sheriff Gerry Oyenpresents the $1,000 Eugene andBecky Battles scholarship toNicolas Kuhns, a 2009 graduate ofMcClave Undivided High School.Nicolas was chosen from all theCSOC scholarship winners toreceive this special recognition forhis character and outstandingachievements in academics, leadership and extracurricular activities.

Executive Director’s Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

President’s Message . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Sheriffs Present Scholarship Awards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Training Update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12by Janet Larson

The V.A.L.O.R. Project: Police Officers as Crime Victims . . . . . . . . . . 14by Dr. Joel F. Shults

My First Brush with the Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16by Undersheriff Richard D. Besecker, Gunnison County

In Memory – Sheriff Bob Farris . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Calendar of Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

In and Around the Capitol with Peg Ackerman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Spring Sheriffs’ Conference and First Joint Conference on Courthouse Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Digital Photography Fundamentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25by Candace Horgan, Mike’s Camera

CSOC Store — Store Items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Store Order Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

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Executive Director’s PerspectiveExecutive Director’s Perspective

We have recently heard a lotabout how highly trained

the Navy Seals were during therescue of Capt. Richard Phillipsfrom the Somalian pirates.Training is critical to all who per-form under stress. It is especiallytrue in law enforcement wherereactions and decisions are madein a split second. During that sec-ond, the training takes control,and in many cases the officer isnot fully aware of all his/heractions. I have interviewed offi-cers who were in gunfights, andthey do not remember reloadingtheir pistols. It was second natureto them. That is why every lawenforcement supervisor is con-cerned about his/her officers’continued training. They must betrained in the knowledge, skillsand abilities of the tasks they areasked to perform. The officersmust develop motor skills andmind sets through repetitivetraining and practice, just assports’ athletes do.

We recently had an incident inDolores County, where the train-ing, planning and preparation ofthe sheriff prevented a tragicevent from taking place. The per-formance of all parties involvedwas a tribute to the training theyhad received. This is not unusualwithin the law enforcement com-munity, but it is a necessity.

That is why the CountySheriffs of Colorado has dedicated

itself to providinglow-cost, effectivetraining to law en-forcement person-nel. Many people,including our civil-ian supporters, playa vital role in ourmission of trainingofficers in the vast fields of sub-jects needed by a law enforce-ment officer in today’s world. It isimmeasurable how many livesthey have saved and impacted.

Speaking of training, we willlose several highly-trained andcapable sheriffs in the comingelection in 2010. This is due to

term limitations intheir counties. Theseare men and womenwho have put double-digit years of trainingand service into theircareers. They arecomparatively youngpeople with many

years of service yet to contribute.That’s why I’m not a big fan ofterm limits. If you are unhappywith the performance of an elect-ed official, you can vote him orher out at the ballot box. Thatavoids automatic dismissal ofwell-qualified leaders who aredoing good jobs.

Colorado Sheriff

COUNTY SHERIFFS OF COLORADONEVER CONDUCTS TELEPHONE SOLICITATIONSWe don’t conduct telephone solicitations partly because we don’t want any confusion betweenourselves and one of America’s largest and most notorious “badge scams,” the AmericanDeputy Sheriffs Association, ADSA. They have been banned, fined or restricted by 14 regula-tory state agencies throughout the nation. ADSA contracted with Mitch Gold, of Orange County,California, to do their telemarketing. The telemarketers took 88 percent of the revenue, andonly four cents on a dollar went for the mission of the organization from 1999 to 2007.

We all have experienced phone calls stating they will give the money to law enforcement programs, even to agencies that do not exist. The percentage received by law enforcementthrough telemarketers is very nominal, and you have no assurance the agency is a validorganization with good missions to assist law enforcement programs. COUNTY SHERIFFSOF COLORADO DOES NOT SOLICIT BY PHONE AND NEVER WILL. We make everyeffort to use your money for the benefit of the community through law enforcement training,scholarships, and victim programs.

4Colorado Sheriff

President’s MessagePresident’s Message

Irecently accepted a lunch invitation to speakto the members of the Adams County Senior

Hub. As you might guess, it is an organizationof retired senior citizens. At first, I was excited.As I prepared I remembered the advice of a priorinstructor – always consider your audience. Itwasn’t long before I realized that I was about todeliver a message to what America has come tocall the “greatest generation” and their children.Many of them experienced, persevered through,and survived the Great Depression, World WarII, the Korean conflict, and the Viet Nam War. Itis a generation of men and women who don’thave an ounce of “quit” in them. They knowhow to persevere through the toughest of timesand the worst of circumstances. They under-stand that perseverance builds character. Theylive their lives adhering to good solid values anddo their best to instill those values in their chil-dren. If the women weren’t serving, they wereat home holding the family together or support-ing the war effort. They understand what ittakes to raise a family, to be a trusted andrespected member of the community, and whatmust be done to protect and preserve this land.We are a nation joined together to grow, to pros-per, to stand strong and create a place unlike anyother in this world.

Freedom isn’t free. It exists only because ofthe courage, hard work, determination and sac-rifice of those who believe in it and would giveanything – would give everything – to ensure itssurvival.

Yes, I was excited for the opportunity tospeak to American seniors, but I was a bit intim-idated because I knew that I would be standingin the presence of greatness. They have alreadyendured what many of us may never know.

We are a nation in turmoil. We have devel-oped an appetite for bad news. Sometimes, wechoose to engage in unnecessary controversy,serious distrust, sharp contention and never-ending criticism. We tend to get caught up in itrather than to focus on better pursuits like tak-ing care of our families, friends, neighbors andlooking after the best interests of our communi-ties and our country. You see, the newest andlatest generations have not yet learned all thelessons of our fathers and grandfathers. Weneed the patience, solid wisdom, courage andstrength of the “greatest generation” and weneed them to teach us again.

You might ask why we need that. There arelessons we need to learn again:• We could again learn what it means to make

a commitment and keep it.

Wisdom of Our Fathers

Sheriff Douglas N. Darr, Adams County

• Charisma includes the art of diplomacy aswe deal with others.

• We must communicate clearly and effective-ly, and we have to say what we mean andmean what we say.

• Courage is not a lack of fear but how webehave when confronted with the most diffi-cult circumstances.

• Discernment includes the ability to antici-pate challenging and difficult developments.

• Initiative requires we take action whenaction is needed.

• We must listen well because others havevaluable things to tell us.

• Generosity includes giving of our resourcesand more importantly, our time.

• Any worthwhile challenge should be han-dled with passion.

• A positive attitude is encouraging, conta-gious and gives others hope.

• Problem-solving is hard work and requiresgenuine effort.

• Positive relationships and trust are essentialto working together.

• We will be held accountable for our personaland professional responsibilities.

• Every man and woman must have the abili-ty to make their decisions and “stand theirground”.

• We must remain self-disciplined and withinreasonable boundaries.

• It is our job and responsibility to help andserve others.

• We have to remain teachable and willing tolearn new things.

• Without vision there can be no success.This last Memorial Day I decided to pay my

father a visit and took my 71/2-year-old son withme. It was the right thing to do. He needs toknow about his grandfather. After all, my fatheris a World War II veteran and a member of the“greatest generation.” The visit didn’t last a

long time. You see, I lost my Dad 13 years ago,several years after he was contaminated withradioactive material while serving his country.He never had the opportunity to meet his grand-son but he left me with a series of life’s lessonsto pass on to my son and grandchildren. Heconsistently reminded me to tell the truthbecause no one can trust a dishonest man. Hewanted me to know that I won’t always get itright and that I will make mistakes. On thoseoccasions my job is to stand up, accept theresponsibility and own it. I shouldn’t blameanyone else for my errors and that ultimately, Ishould do my best to make it right.

My Mom’s lessons are a bit different. Shereminds me that life is a gift. I shouldn’t be sohappy to see the days slip by so quickly. Life isshort and I have to do all I can while I can. Ipray my son will learn and remember these les-sons as well.

Our society seems to favor convenience,youth, appearance and all the material things ofthis world. Everyone has to make their ownchoices and many will pursue those things for alifetime. Some will find success and for others itwill be the road to ruin. I sincerely hope that theremaining members of our “greatest generation”and our seniors will not give up their place inthis society too soon. We need them to sharetheir experiences and help teach the youngergenerations about life’s lessons. We can onlyhope that they will look for opportunities toinfluence others and to serve as mentors andguides for those with less experience. Let themshow us the way so we can work to keep ourfamilies, our communities and our nation safe,strong and free.

Colorado Sheriff5

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As part of its continuing commitment to public service and the supportof young people in Colorado, County Sheriffs of Colorado hasannounced its 2009-2010 scholarship winners. This year, 28 deserving

students will receive $500 each toward an education at any accredited college,university or trade school in the state of Colorado. In addition, one youngman received the Eugene and Becky Battles Scholarship. This is an addition-al award of $1,000, making his total award $1,500.

CSOC established its scholarship program in 1978. Since then, this efforthas continued as a meaningful expression of the sheriffs’ confidence in andrespect for education and training. Since the awards are rotated every year,each year half of Colorado’s participating counties are eligible to select a schol-arship recipient.

The Battles Scholarship has been awarded since 1994 when Denver resi-dent, Eugene D. Battles, made a decision to support the Office of Sheriff andCounty Sheriffs of Colorado by donating his estate for the benefit of futureendeavors decided upon by the CSOC Board of Directors. Eugene Battles wasa charter member of CSOC and a 27-year member of the National SheriffsAssociation.

Special thanks are in order to all our loyal honorary members whose con-tributions help make this and other CSOC programs possible. CSOC wouldalso like to thank the hard work of each participating sheriff’s local scholar-ship committee. These community members donate their time each year tohelp with the selection of scholarship recipients.

Scholarship winners are selected by a committee of citizens in each of theparticipating counties. Committees make their selections based upon criteriaestablished by CSOC including ability, merit, character, sincerity, purpose, andneed.

Congratulations to all recipients!We wish you well in all your endeavors!

If you are a student interested in learning more about the CSOC Scholarship Programfor the 2010-2011 academic year, contact your high school guidance counselor or yourlocal sheriff’s office. Applications and instructions will also be available on our web-site, csoc.org, by mid-December 2009.

Sheriffs PresentScholarship Awards

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Alamosa Jodi Beiriger

Archuleta Stephanie Lowe

Bent Nicolas Kuhns (Battles scholarship winner)

Boulder Chelsea Welch

Cheyenne Jonathan Ball

Clear Creek Jennifer Harmon

Conejos Chastidy Chacon

Costilla David Carino, Jr.

Crowley Carina Corey

Custer Jessica LeCuyer

Dolores ($250 each) Natasha Funk (Battles scholarship finalist)

Brandon Baker

Douglas Bailey McHenry

Grand Rebecca Roller

Hinsdale Katharine Dozier

Jefferson Jessica Fresquez-Archuleta

Las Animas Jeremy Begley

La Plata Joseph Schmidt

Lincoln Tyler Yowell

Logan Marissa Marin (Battles scholarship finalist)

Mineral Dakota Vinyard

Otero Angela Zimmerman

Ouray Heidi Jo Duce

Phillips Danielle Conklin

Pueblo Gina Ragulsky

Saguache Desiree Vera

Sedgwick Sarah Ramirez

Washington Patrick Callahan

Scholarship AwardWinners

Archuleta County Sheriff Peter L. Gonzalez withscholarship recipient Stephanie Lowe

Clear Creek County Sheriff Don Krueger withscholarship recipient Jennifer Harmon

Boulder County Sheriff Joseph Pelle with scholarship recipient Chelsea Welch

Alamosa County Sheriff Dave Stong withscholarship recipient Jodi Beiriger

Cheyenne County Sheriff Virgil Drescherwith scholarship recipient Jonathan Ball

Bent County Sheriff Gerry H. Oyen withscholarship recipient Nicolas Kuhns

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Conejos County Sheriff Robert J. Gurule withscholarship recipient Chastidy Chacon

Dolores County Sheriff Jerry Martin withscholarship co-recipients Natasha Funk andBrandon Baker

Crowley County Sheriff Miles Clark with scholarship recipient Carina Corey and hermother, Terri Bateman

Costilla County Sheriff Gilbert Martinez withscholarship recipient David Carino, Jr.

Douglas County Sheriff David Weaver withscholarship recipient Bailey McHenry

Custer County Sheriff Fred Jobe withscholarship recipient Jessica LeCuyer

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Hinsdale County Sheriff Ronald B. Bruce withscholarship recipient Katharine Dozier

Otero County Sheriff Chris Johnson withscholarship recipient Angela Zimmerman

Lincoln County Sheriff Tom Nestor with scholarship recipient Tyler Yowell

Grand County Sheriff Rod Johnson withscholarship recipient Rebecca Roller

Logan County Sheriff Brett Powell withscholarship recipient Marissa Marin

La Plata County Sheriff Duke Schirard withscholarship recipient Joseph Schmidt

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Ouray County Sheriff Dominic Mattivi withscholarship recipient Heidi Jo Duce

Sedgwick County Sheriff Delbert Ewoldtwith scholarship recipient Sarah Ramirez

Pueblo County Undersheriff J. R. Hall withscholarship recipient Gina Ragulsky

Washington County Sheriff Larry Kuntzand Division Lieutenant Tony Harms withscholarship recipient Patrick Callahan

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“The baby kept me awakeall night.” Every law enforcementtrainer will hear this from a trainee offi-cer sometime in his or her trainingcareer. The trainer often views the state-ment as an attempt to rationalize thetrainee’s poor performance during atraining shift. It is an important issue wediscuss during the Field Training Officer(FTO) Development Course that I helpteach for the County Sheriffs ofColorado. It’s a valuable discussionbecause sleep deprivation has the poten-tial to court disaster on the job. The FTOresponse to the problem ranges from“send him home” to “tough it out.” Myanswer supports the group that seems tobe in the minority — the “send himhome” bunch — or at least their nearneighbor, “Give her an assignment in theoffice for the rest of the shift.” Researchseems to support that group also, pro-vided the office assignment doesn’trequire decision-making.

The impairment from sleep depriva-tion has been compared to the impair-ment of a .08 percent blood alcohol level,the legal limit for driving under-the-influence in Colorado. Tests of drivershave shown that a sleep-deprived sub-ject’s reaction time in an emergent situation on the (closed) track is so slowthat he/she will nearly always have acollision.

It has been long established that

falling asleep soon after studying for atest improves recall. Trainee officers arestudying and learning for 8-to-10 hoursa day as they go through training. Ifthey are sleep deprived during the train-ing, their recall of the information will bedramatically reduced. Losing sleep cannot only make you forget, but accordingto Dr. Jeffrey Ellenbogen of the HarvardMedical School, it can actually loweryour IQ. Perhaps even more problemat-ic for a law enforcement officer, sleepdeprivation impairs coordination andmotor functions, delays reaction time,reduces endurance, and increases levelsof fatigue.

A research finding published in theMay 2007 Science Daily that found thatgamblers who stayed up all night at thegambling table had an unrealistic expec-tation of gain from high-risk decisions,and made light of the losses thatinevitably resulted. So even though theymay have “let it ride” after a goodnight’s sleep, they really, really thoughtit was going to pay off this time whenthey were sleep deprived. Not the kindof decision-making you want from arookie officer wearing a gun and drivinga fairly large, expensive police vehiclearound your community.

The December 19, 2008, issue of theForce Science Research Newsletteroffered an article dealing with memoryrecall after an officer-involved shooting

Training UpdateTraining Update

Janet LarsonCSOC Training Director

Sleep Deprivation Muddles the Mind

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(OIS). If you aren’t familiar with ForceScience Research, you might want to visittheir website at www.forcesciencenews.comto read the back issues. This organizationresearches the science behind use-of-forcesituations and has saved the careers ofmany good and dedicated officers wrong-ly accused of murder in shootings byshowing with physical dynamics andbrain processing how the decision to usedeadly force is made and put into effect.The December article focuses on the inter-view process after the shooting and howmemory is affected by environmental fac-tors, including the lack of sleep.

The relevant finding is: “Sleep depri-vation can cause your brain to generatefalse memories, according to findings by ateam of Swiss and German researchers.Extrapolated, their work supports theargument that OIS survivors should havetime to sleep before being required to givestatements about their encounter.” Thisoccurs even when the sleep deprivationoccurs a day or two after the event.

So, what do we have? An inexperi-enced officer tells his trainer that he gotvery little sleep the night before. We knowthat the trainee officer is going to be askedthroughout the shift to make decisions insituations that he may not have encoun-tered before and react to threats he is stilllearning about. He has to be able to recallwhat he has previously been told andmake a decision that will reasonably

resolve the problem in a fairly short periodof time. Oh, and if he is wrong, someonecould get hurt or he could get fired. Nopressure!

I was gratified to hear recently that thechief of an agency whose FTOs had stout-ly defended the “tough it out” response tothe sleep-deprived trainee officer has alsoread all these studies and concluded thatallowing officers to grab a nap during abreak makes good sense. This progressiveview will undoubtedly save lives andproperty. Nothing is gained from trying totrain a person whose brain is trying to getsome sleep.

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One of the most overlookedgroups of people victimized by vio-lent crime is a population estimatedat over 700,000 Americans. Thisgroup spans all ages and genders, butthe one thing they have in common isthat they are police officers. Nobodyin police work wants to call himself avictim. After all, it’s part of a policeofficer’s job to take a kick or punch,isn’t it? The V.A.L.O.R. Project(Violence Against Law OfficerResearch) is designed to discoverhow police officers are treated whenthey are victims of crime in the line ofduty.

The first effort of V.A.L.O.R. wasan online survey taken by police offi-cers all across the nation invited toparticipate by the researcher via e-mails and posts in police onlineforums.

The survey asked the question:“Who do you believe has the opinionthat getting assaulted (pushed, hit,kicked, spit on, etc.) is just part ofyour job and that you shouldn'texpect that these offenders shouldalways be arrested, charged, or prose-cuted?” Forty percent of officers saidthat their prosecuting attorneys feltthat police officers should acceptassaults as part of the job. Withinpolice ranks, 17 percent of the officersthought their supervisors felt thatway. Only 7 percent of officers agreedwith the statement that offendersshouldn’t always be charged withassault and resisting; twice the num-ber who believed their peers felt thatway. This may reveal an aspect of

police culture that makes officers per-ceive a greater sense of self-sacrificethan is necessary for effective polic-ing. Over half of the officers sur-veyed (55 percent) reported that theyhad been assaulted but had not con-sidered themselves crime victims.Fourteen percent of officers surveyedfelt that they were victims but didn’tpursue victim services because of per-ceived peer pressure. The vast major-ity of officers are not gettingcompensation for injuries or othervictim advocacy services.

It is no surprise then, that over 80percent of police officers have beenpainfully injured in the line of dutywithout reporting it or even seekingtreatment. If officers believe that theirvictimization will not be taken seri-ously, there is no incentive to docu-ment offenses against them. Morethan one in ten officers surveyed hadsilently seriously considered quittingpolice work because of the dangers ofthe job. Police officers surveyed hadgenerally low confidence in prosecu-tion of offenses involving resistingarrest or assaults on officers. Over 60percent said that those charges are thefirst to be dropped by prosecutors incases where multiple charges exist onan offender. Nearly half of officerssaw felony cases prosecuted as onlymisdemeanors and 70 percent werenot consulted on prosecution deci-sions or sentencing. Nearly 60 percentsaid cases were disposed of complete-ly without the officer’s knowledge.

Unlike other crime victims, policeofficers must conduct their own

The V.A.L.O.R. Project:

Police Officers as Crime VictimsBy Dr. Joel F. Shults

investigations into crimes inwhich they are victims. Fewerthan one in three cases had anuninvolved officer investigating acrime committed against an offi-cer. Only 3 percent of officers sur-veyed had sought their owncompensation from perpetratorsby filing civil suits for damages.

The lack of prosecution andvictim services afforded to policeofficers who are victims of crimesperpetrated against them in theline of duty is not an indication ofthe infrequency of such offenses.Over half of the officers answer-ing the survey report having beeninjured in an assault to the extentthat they had to seek medicalcare. About one in four had losttime off from work due to injuriesfrom an assault. Six in ten officershave, in the course of their career,been in a position to make thechoice to use deadly force andover half had been assaulted witha deadly weapon themselves.One quarter of officers wereinvestigated as a suspect whenthey were in fact a victim of anoffender’s violence. As previous-ly noted, over 80 percent of offi-cers reported suffering painfulinjuries that they did not report orseek medical care.

Police officers carry their riskfor victimization off duty as well.Nearly a third reported that per-sonal property had been vandal-ized because of their police officerstatus. Almost all officers havebeen threatened with lawsuits orjob loss, and over 80 percent havebeen threatened by an offenderthat the officer would be attackedoff duty. Two of ten officers havebeen assaulted or confronted offduty by offenders with whomthey had previous on-dutyencounters.

How frequently victimizationof police officers occurs is poorly

researched. The effects of thosecrimes is also currently unknown.If police officers seldom get serv-ices as crime victims, how doesthis shape their empathy for othercrime victims? If those whoshould support the police —administrators, political leaders,and prosecutors — seem not tocare when officers are injured,threatened, or resisted, how doesthis influence an officer’s mentalhealth and physical well being?Are police officers less likely torefrain from using excessive forceif they believe that crimes againstthem will go unpunished by thecriminal justice system? Howdoes victimization affect recruit-ing, retention, and performanceof officers?

Based on the V.A.L.O.R.Project’s initial research the fol-lowing recommendations shouldbe pursued:• Police officers who are victims

of assault should be offeredall of the victim advocacyservices that any other citizenwould get. Police officers arenot excluded from victimservices and, in most states,failing to provide such servic-es is a violation of law.

• Police officers who are victimsof assault or other offensesshould have their cases inves-tigated by another officer oragency. No other victim ofviolence is asked to be hisown investigator. If an officeris involved in a crash with hisor her patrol car, no onewould expect him/her to dothe investigation; why isbeing assaulted so different?Police officers are oftenaccused of misuse of force andmay become suspects byaccusations of offenders seek-ing legal or monetary gainfrom such allegations.

• Police officers should haveaccess to legal services torecover damages incurredfrom line-of-duty actions withoffenders. There should be nolegal barriers to police officersto exercise their rights tomake a full tort action torecover all legally allowablelosses.

• Crimes against police officersshould be prosecuted vigor-ously. Police officers shouldbe encouraged to file appro-priate charges and not letoffenses go unpunished.Offenders should not be giventacit permission to resist andassault those who areappointed to protect anddefend us. Citizen supportgroups, political leaders, andpolice professional organiza-tions should be at the forefrontin supporting prosecution ofcrimes against police officers. Citizens must go beyond a

general recognition that policework is dangerous. We must allbe diligent to protect those whoprotect us, for we will all be betterserved as a result.

The author currently serves as chiefof police for Adams State College inAlamosa, Colorado. He formerlytaught criminal justice for 10 yearsat a private college in Missouri, during which time he served as areserve deputy sheriff and depart-ment chaplain, and was site directorfor the Missouri Sheriffs’ Associationlaw enforcement academy. For moreinformation about the author, youc a n v i e w h i s w e b s i t e a twww.joelshults.com.

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As I studied the sleek, fresh lines ofthe brand new vehicle, an irresistibleurge started to well up within mymind. No one was around as myeyes ran across every inch of theexquisite ride. I had no right toentertain the notion, but I felt myselfbeing taken in with such ease. Atfirst I slowly exited my own agingtransportation. Now that I lookback, I realize my hesitation wasonly a token gesture. For the furtherfrom my dilapidated wheels Istepped, and the closer I venturedtowards the inviting sight of theshiny newer model, the more I feltthe beckoning call of destiny.

My First Brush with the LawBy Undersheriff Richard D. Besecker, Gunnison County

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I was amazed at the everincreasing feeling of exhilarationas I approached the sleek tangiblelure of my desire. I gave a quickglance around the neighborhoodand found that no one was appar-ently being vigilant to my sinisteract in progress. Without furtherpause, I embraced fate andclimbed into the gleaming trans-port. The point of no return hadpassed and, without furtherdelay, the tangible lure was in mygrasp and set in motion. As Isteered her onto the street, Iremember being surprised at howdifficultly the vehicle handled.She was sluggish and felt heavy,as well as underpowered. With-in a couple city blocks, my enthu-siasm diminished more quicklythan it had originally surged, anda renewed appreciation for myold ride was mounting.

I couldn’t say whether it wasa passion for fine machinery orthe undeniable enticement ofbeing associated with sophistica-tion. Often when we are young,we are prone to cast all rationaleto the wind for an apparent pin-nacle moment … a momentwhich we are certain will neverpresent itself again. As a resultwe embrace the risk with littlethought and grasp the brass ring.Invariably, our anticipation of ela-tion is quickly diminished andgratification all but evaporates asthe realization of consequence

presents the next soberingmoment.

I vaguely recall my shortamble back to where I left myown transportation. I do recall,however, with vivid distinction,the patrol car next to it and SheriffCope standing with his arms fold-ed ominously across his chest. Ifelt my heart race. With juvenileignorance I approached my rideas though to go on with life as Iknew it before. Without a word Ifelt the strong hand of the law onmy shoulder, and with undeni-able haste I was being escorted tothe back seat of the squad car.Then with stern resolve, I wasplaced in abrupt fashion on itscushion.

Before long, I was introducedto the hollow confines of theGunnison County Jail. As theheavy steel door slammed shutand the ancient locking mecha-nism etched a distinct recollectionin my memory, I came to realizethat life would never be the sameever again. Never would I betempted to run away from thewarmth of home, nor would Iever again be tempted with irre-sistible lure to take a ride that wasnot mine.

It seemed, after an endlesslength of time, that I detected thetender sound of my mother’svoice as it echoed down theuninviting corridor. It was at thattime that I knew my salvation

was at hand. I understood thatMother was going to be upsetwith me, but any wrath that shemay have planned was betterthan the depressing depths of thisdamp dungeon.

Soon , my re lease wasarranged and, with tears stream-ing down my face, I ran as fast asI could to the warm familiar armsthat had extended comfort to mefor my entire life…all three and ahalf years of it. As Sheriff Copehelped mother load my tricycleinto the trunk of her car, I prom-ised that I would never again“barrow” another toddler’s ped-dle car, even if it was a DeluxeRed Rider. Even though my stintin jail lasted all of fifteen minutes,I had learned my lesson.

While there might be a justargument concerning the discre-tionary approach to due processin 1954, no one can deny that theright for a speedy (and everlast-ing) solution was met.

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Bob Farris, 72, former sheriff of Summit County and former president of CountySheriffs of Colorado, passed away in March after suffering respiratory problems.

“Sheriff Farris was always quick with a smile,” shared Sheriff John Minor, Summit County.“He can best be described as a gentleman in the truest sense of the word and one of SummitCounty’s endearing characters.”

Elected as Summit County’s first black sheriff in 1975, Farris’ mettle was tested in 1979 when600 Hell’s Angels gathered in Summit County. Although the potential for confrontation wasgreat, Farris is remembered for keeping the situation under control.

That demonstration of his law enforcement aptitude didn’t surprise Adams County SheriffDoug Darr at all. “He and I were in the same academy class in 1973,” Sheriff Darr said.“Even then his character and abilities were obvious. He was a good and talented man. Henever lost his sense of humor and was fun to be around. We will miss him a lot.”

Sheriff Bob Farris, Summit County

• September 17, 2009CSOC Golf Event – Inverness Golf Club

• September 24 – 25, 2009Undersheriff meeting in Mineral County

• Sept. 30 – Oct. 2, 2009Fall conference in Estes Park

• January 4 – 8, 2010Winter conference at the Westin in Westminster

• Summer 2010Summer conference in Trinidad

• Fall 2010Fall conference in Garfield County

2009-2010 CALENDAR OF EVENTS

Golf with

the StarsSeptember 17, 2009Inverness Golf Course

200 Inverness Drive WestEnglewood, Colorado

In & Around the Capitol with Peg Ackerman

The 2009 session of theColorado General Assembly wasdominated by the budget prob-lems caused by the recession andthe concomitant severe decline instate revenue. Not only was itnecessary to scale back the budg-et proposed for fiscal year 2009-2010, it was also necessary to cutthe budget for the current fiscalyear 2008-2009. The ColoradoConstitution prohibits deficitspending so this year’s budgethad to be completely in balancewhen the state’s fiscal year endedon June 30, 2009.

The necessity to balance thisyear’s budget brought forth aflurry of bills. So-called negativesupplemental bills cut the budg-

ets for all state departments by, ata minimum, cutting the expendi-tures for personal services; i.e.,state employees. Another series ofbills were introduced to cut otherexpenditures or raid cash fundsaccumulated from payments forspecific services. Among these2008-2009 budget-balancing billswere some that directly impactedthe criminal justice system.Senate Bill 09-209 eliminated all the money appropriated forthe Inmate Assistance GrantProgram. Senate Bill 09-227 elim-inated for fiscal years 2008-2009,2009-2010 and 2010-2011 thestate’s annual contribution tothe Fire and Police PensionAssociation that helps retire the

unfunded liability in old-hirepension plans. Senate Bill 09-279transferred significant sums ofmoney from the Court SecurityCash Fund, the Offenders Serv-ices Fund and the Drug OffenderSurcharge Fund to the state’sGeneral Fund.

In an attempt to reduce futurefunding for the Department ofCorrections, two sentence reduc-tion bills were introduced. HouseBill 09-1351 increased from 10 to12 days the amount of time thatmay be deducted each monthfrom certain inmates’ sentencesand is estimated to save morethan $2 million in fiscal year 2009-2010. As introduced, Senate Bill09-286 proposed some drastic

Report on the 2009 Session of the Colorado General Assembly

19

reductions in sentences for prop-erty and drug offenses, changedthe presumptive sentencingranges for all felony offenses andeliminated some extraordinaryrisk sentence enhancing provi-sions. The County Sheriffs ofColorado opposed both billsbecause the sheriffs believe thatsentencing reform should bestudied by the ColoradoCommission on Criminal andJuvenile Justice where representa-tives of all aspects of the criminalsystem and the general public canexamine evidence-based data onsentencing policy and practicebefore recommending changes insentences. Although H.B. 09-1351did pass, S.B. 09-286 was amend-ed to direct the Commission tostudy Colorado’s sentencing laws.

In addition to budget prob-lems, the dismal revenue condi-tions made it virtually impossibleto pass a bill requiring stateexpenditures unless the bill alsocontained a source for the moneyor came up with a way to shift thecost to local government. Thepoor state of the economy alsomade numerous legislators leeryof imposing fee increasesalthough several, particularlymodest ones, did survive.

Among the fee increase billsthat did become law was HouseBill 09-1036 by RepresentativeSteve King and Senator JohnMorse. This bill increased themotor vehicle registration fee that

funds the Peace OfficersStandards and Training BoardCash Fund by 35 cents. TheCounty Sheriffs of Coloradostrongly supported this billbecause the fund pays for peaceofficers’ training throughout thestate, especially for officers fromsmall agencies that have little orno training funds.

One of the fee bills that didnot survive was House Bill 09-1071. This bill proposed toincrease the surcharges for theSearch and Rescue Fund that areassessed on hunting and fishinglicenses and on vessel, snowmo-bile, and off-highway vehicle reg-istrations by 25 cents. The CountySheriffs of Colorado supportedthe bill because the current 25-cent surcharge, that has not beenchanged in over 20 years, nolonger meets the equipment andtraining needs of the search andrescue teams. During the sum-mer, the sheriffs and bill sponsor,Representative Gagliardi, plan tomeet with the sportsmen whoopposed the bill to determine ifthere is a way to raise the fundsneeded to maintain the excellenceof our search and rescue teams.

Meeting the threat of wildfirein forests devastated by pine bee-tles was the genesis for severalbills developed last summer bythe Interim Committee onWildfire Issues in Wild Land-Urban Interface Areas. House Bill09-1199, the omnibus Healthy

Forests/Vibrant Communities Actof 2009, by RepresentativeScanlan and Senator Gibbs willhelp communities prevent wild-fires, provide resources for plan-ning and forest-maintenanceefforts, and encourage businessopportunities for forest-productentrepreneurs. Others bills in thepackage developed by the interimcommittee: (1) require develop-ment of community wildfire pro-tection plans; (2) clarify roles andresponsibilities of the variouslocal, county, and state agenciesinvolved in wildfire preventionand protection; (3) provide volun-teer firefighters with protectionfrom civil liability when respond-ing to fires and other emergen-cies; and (4) grant volunteerfirefighters, who agree to remainwith their departments for fouryears, with tuition vouchers forup to three credits per year atcommunity colleges. The sheriffswho have the statutory responsi-bility to take charge of forest orprairie fires in their counties werevery much involved in this effortto mitigate the threat of massivewildfire, and worked with the billsponsors to make the bills aseffective as possible.

Jayann Sepich, the mother of ayoung college student sexuallyassaulted and murdered in NewMexico, came to Colorado toencourage the passage of SenateBill 09-241. This bill, known asKatie’s Law in honor of the mur-

1720

der victim, requires each adultarrested for or charged with afelony to submit to a DNA testand was strongly supported bythe County Sheriffs of Colorado.The sheriffs view DNA as ameans of identification that ismore reliable than fingerprintsand disagree with some legisla-tors and organizations who insistthat it violates the constitutionalprohibition against unreasonablesearches and seizures. Fortunately,the bill did pass although theopposition succeeded in amend-ing the bill to mandate the DNATask Force to discuss and makerecommendations regarding theappropriateness and implementa-tion of Senate Bill 09-241, andprior to January 12, 2010, providea report to the General Assemblyregarding its discussion and what the majority and minorityrecommend.

The sheriffs also supportedthe package of bills proposed bythe Colorado Commission onCriminal and Juvenile Justice.Except for class 1, 2 and 3 felonies,House Bill 09-1262 permits theissuance of a summons instead ofan arrest warrant without theconsent of the district attorneyand prohibits the court from issu-ing a summons instead of anarrest warrant if a law enforce-ment officer presents a writtenbasis for believing that the defen-dant is a flight or public safetyrisk. House Bill 09-1263 clarifies

the amount of time that may bededucted from the jail sentence ofan inmate who performs faithful-ly the duties assigned to him orher during his or her imprison-ment and gives the sheriff morediscretion in awarding additionaltime deductions for outstandinggood behavior or service as atrusty. House Bill 09-1264 allowsa prison inmate to accept financialaid or scholarships to defray thecosts associated with a college-level academic program. HouseBill 09-1266 eliminates the loss ofdriving privileges as an addition-al penalty upon a conviction ofcertain criminal offenses that haveno connection to the operation ofa motor vehicle.

The bills proposed by theLegislative Oversight Committeefor the Continuing Examinationof the Treatment of Persons withMental Illness Who Are Involvedin the Criminal and JuvenileJustice Systems also garnered thesupport of the County Sheriffs ofColorado. House Bill 09-1021extends to 2015 this importantlegislative oversight committeealong with the task force thatassists the committee in develop-ing legislation and directs theareas of study for the task force.Because employment is a provenmeans of reducing recidivism andbecause a government issuedidentification card is essential toobtaining employment, SenateBill 09-006 creates the county jail

identification processing unitwithin the Department ofRevenue to process identificationcards at metropolitan-area countyjails for prisoners without identi-fication cards. House Bill 09-1022creates the recidivism reductiongrant program in the Division of Criminal Justice in theDepartment of Public Safety,requires the Division to establishthe application form and criteriafor the program and specifies theamount of the grants allowed bythe program. Unfortunately bothHouse Bill 09-1021 and SenateBill 09-006 required funding andsince no money was available tofund them in the state budget,these bills will not be implement-ed unless sufficient gifts, grantsand donations are received by theDepartments of Revenue andPublic Safety.

In summary, the 2009 sessionwas not a bad one for law enforce-ment agencies despite the state’sbudget woes, and we thank theSenators and Representativeswhose efforts made the sessionone that improves the ability ofthe County Sheriffs of Coloradoand our public safety partners toserve and protect the citizens ofColorado.

1721

17

A spirit of cooperation reigned atColorado’s inaugural court security confer-ence, which was held June 10 to 12 inMontrose at the Montrose Pavilion. Sheriffs,deputies, judges, court personnel, countycommissioners and other elected officialsspent the better part of two days sharing infor-mation and learning from one another.

“I was stunned by the historic nature of theconference” said Summit County Sheriff JohnMinor. “Never before have sheriff’s officers,county commissioners and judges cometogether, and that was just great.”

Conference attendees broke the iceWednesday evening with a casual meet andgreet reception before beginning the real workThursday morning. The conference openedwith a 10-minute video featuring members ofthe judiciary and sheriffs’ departments dis-cussing very real security threats and out-comes. The video also showed a re-enactment

County Sheriffs,

County Government,

and Court Personnel

Conduct First Joint

Conference on

Courthouse Security

22

17

of an ordinary day in court gone awry during achild-support hearing in which a gun wasdrawn and the judge held hostage. A very realsituation handled effectively and efficiently byAdams County Sheriff’s Office SWAT.

The bulk of Thursday was spent in a ses-sion dedicated to teambuilding exercises. Dr.Brenda J. Wagenknecht-Ivey facilitated a spirit-ed discussion on “Strengthening Local SecurityTeams: Taking Your Team to the Next Level.”Thursday late afternoon rolled out the oppor-tunity for conference goers to attend two offour breakout sessions: “What Can the StateCourt Administrator’s Office Do for You?”,“How to Prepare for High Risk Cases”, “UsingVideoconferencing to Improve CourthouseSecurity” and “How to Build a SuccessfulSecurity Team.”

Friday morning brought folks back to theMontrose Pavilion with another work session:“Introduction of the Colorado Court SecurityOfficer Training Program.” Before hitting theroad and making tracks back home, conference

attendees wrapped up the morning with apresentation, “2010 Grant Cycle and How toApply Online for a Court Security Grant,”hosted by Colorado Judicial Department CourtSecurity Specialist Steve Steadman, whoshowed people how to find the funding neces-sary to implement the best practices.

“That was probably the best run, mostinformative conference I have ever attended,”

Speakers at the opening session of the first ColoradoCourthouse Security Conference take part in the flag ceremony.

23

said Conejos County Commissioner and boardchairman John Sandoval. “Moreover, I nowwant to work to incorporate many of the ideas Ilearned into Colorado Counties Incorporated’sfuture meeting agendas.”

The security conference doubled as theCounty Sheriffs of Colorado summer confer-ence, highlighting the importance of court-house security as an everyday issue. While thiswas the first time such a conference was held in

Colorado, many conference attendees hopedthat it would not be the last.

“This was a wonderful opportunity forjudges, county commissioners and lawenforcement to come together in order to makeColorado’s courthouse safer for all citizens,”said Eighteenth Judicial District Chief JudgeWilliam B. Sylvester. “I look forward to moreopportunities to continue this dialogue.”

24

Steve Steadman, court security specialist with theColorado Judicial Department, and Don Christensen,executive director of County Sheriffs of Colorado,exemplify the spirit of cooperation that permeatedthe conference.

Sheriffs, commissioners and judges participate in a team problem-solving session.

Perhaps you’ve just taken the plunge, or maybe you’re on your sec-ond or third digital camera. You keep taking snapshots, carry thecamera around looking for interesting things to shoot, but when

you look at your photos, you aren’t happy with them.“What am I missing?” you ask yourself, scratching your head. “If

John Fielder can take great photos with a point-and-shoot camera, whycan’t I?”

Well, you can! Of course, distilling all that knowledge that enablesFielder to take amazing shots is beyond the scope of this article, butthere are a lot of tips and tricks we can impart that will help you under-stand your camera better.

The wheel, or, “What do those symbols mean?”Almost all digital cameras have a dial near the top right side that lets

you set the control mode. On a small point-and-shoot, you will oftenhave an auto mode, a semi-manual mode, and a variety of scene modes.Many of the control wheels have shortcuts to the most common scenemodes, such as portrait (usually looks like a head on the dial), landscape(usually looks like a mountain on the dial), night portrait (a head with astar) and sometimes sports (looks like a person running.)

What do these controls do?Auto is like it sounds. When you put the camera in auto, it will eval-

uate the scene it is presented with and try to choose the best settings. The scene modes are a way for the user to tell the camera what you

are shooting. For instance, if you want to take a picture of a sunset, thescene will often have a lot of reds, and the camera will need to compen-sate for it. If you go into the scene mode menu and choose sunset mode,it will do a better job than in just automatic.

So, what exactly is the camera doing when you change those symbols?

Understanding how a camera worksWhether you have an expensive single lens reflex camera or a sim-

ple point-and-shoot, the principles of how the camera works are similar.There are four elements that make up how a camera works: ISO, whitebalance, shutter speed, and aperture. The four all work together.

ISOThe term ISO is a holdover from the days of film cameras, when peo-

ple chose different speed films for different shooting conditions. In thosedays, you chose a high-speed film for things like shooting sports or

Digital Photography FundamentalsBy Candace Horgan, Mike’s Camera

25

shooting in low light. The compromise was thathigher speed films were grainy. People would oftenchoose film of 100-speed for daylight shots and land-scapes, 200 for general use, and 400 or 800 for lowlight or indoor use.

In digital photography, it works very much thesame. The higher the ISO number, the more sensitivethe sensor is to light. The downside is that it alsotends to increase the amount of noise (pixilation) inthe picture.

White balanceThis refers to how the camera sees the color

white under different lighting conditions. When acamera can get a true read on what white is, theresulting picture will have more color accuracy. Mostpoint-and-shoot cameras let you select a white bal-ance based on common shooting conditions, likecloudy day, sunny day, inside florescent light, incan-descent light, etc. A SLR camera will let you manu-ally choose the white balance in a Kelvin reading. AKelvin reading of 5500 is about what standard day-light is. The lower the Kelvin, the more red theimage, whereas the higher the Kelvin, the more blue.

Shutter speedShutter speed is used to stop motion. The higher

the shutter speed, the more you can stop fast-mov-ing objects without blur in a photo. The slower thespeed, the more detail you can get in something likea photo of a stream.

ApertureAperture refers to how wide the lens opens to let

light in. The lower the aperture, or f-stop, reading,the more light can hit the sensor. An aperture of f2.8is considered “fast.” Most point-and-shoot camerashave variable apertures of f4 to f5.6,

Aperture is used to create depth-of-field in a pic-ture. Depth-of-field refers to how much of an imageis in focus. For instance, a shallow depth-of-fieldmeans usually only the subject is in focus; anythingbehind the subject is blurry. This can create greathighlight shots. A low aperture setting will give youa shallow depth-of-field. A large depth-of-fieldmeans most of the image is in focus, which is good

for landscape shots, and is created with a high aper-ture setting of f11 to f22.

How they work togetherLet’s say you want to shoot your daughter’s

gymnastics meet. By increasing the ISO and decreas-ing the aperture, you will enable more light to hit thesensor. This will in turn allow you to set a highershutter speed, which will mean you can capture afast-moving object, like your daughter on the paral-lel bars, without the picture looking blurry. You canthen change the white balance to indoor florescent toget better color accuracy.

An exposure setting can be the same with differ-ent aperture and shutter settings. A setting of f22with a shutter speed of 1/8 of a second is equivalentto a setting of f2.8 and a shutter of 1/500 of a second.However, the depth of field in the two shots will bedramatically different. You need to consider whattype of photo you want to take and change the set-tings accordingly.

If you have an SLR camera, you can manuallychange all of these settings. On most point-and-shoots, you can select a sports mode to get loweraperture settings and higher shutter speeds, andthen manually change the ISO and white balance.

How this applies to your cameraAgain, in the scene modes of most digital point-

and-shoot cameras, the camera is choosing how touse these variables to get the best shot. Many point-and-shoot cameras will allow you to change the ISOand white balance even if you are in a scene mode,so, for instance, if you are in Yellowstone NationalPark and want to shoot Old Faithful in the middle ofthe afternoon, you might select an ISO of 100, awhite balance of sunny day, and then a landscapemode in the scene selection so that you have gooddepth-of-field when you shoot the geyser going off.Or, if you just want the geyser in focus to create amore dramatic shot, you could select a sports mode.

FlashThe built-in flashes on any camera will generally

provide light for up to 10-15 feet, so you need to berelatively close to your subject when using them.

26

Many cameras have different flash modes, such as ared-eye reduction flash, which fires a pre-flash to tryto reduce the effects of red-eye. This will slow yourability to take a photo, so if you are shooting candidor sports, it is better to use a standard flash and fixany red-eye in Photoshop.

Most people only think of using a flash indoorsor at night, but using a flash even in mid-afternooncan be helpful. A flash helps to eliminate shadows.Say you are taking a family portrait outdoors andthe angle of the sun is creating shadows across allthe faces. You can use a flash to eliminate the shad-ows in the image and create even light.

If you are taking a shot at night, keep in mindthat many flashes will only illuminate the people ina shot. If you want more than just people in a blackbackground, consider slowing the shutter speed andincreasing the ISO so that more light can be capturedby the camera and more of the image shown.

CompositionOne of the most overlooked aspects of taking

good photographs is composition. How you frameyour shot will affect how it looks. Most good pho-tographers use something called the “rule-of-thirds”to create dramatic shots.

To understand the “rule of thirds,” take out yourcamera and get ready to take a photo. While lookingat what you want to shoot, in your mind, picture atic-tac-toe style grid over the image. When framingthings to shoot, you want to place objects where thelines cross.

For instance, many beginning photographers,when getting ready to shoot wildlife, would put thewildlife in the center of the photo. A much moreinteresting shot can be had by framing it so that thewildlife is in one of the “third” quadrants, eitherupper or lower on the right or left side. An idealimage would be one that has “leading lines,” orobjects in the image that lead the eye towards thesubject that you are shooting.

Another option for composition involves usingyour zoom to frame something differently. Instead oftaking a portrait photo of your friend where they aresmall in the overall image, consider framing it such

that your friend occupies most of the space in theimage to create a more dramatic image.

Formatting your memoryAnother rookie mistake occurs after you have

downloaded your images to your computer. Manypeople will simply delete the images from the cam-era. However, simply deleting them doesn’t get ridof all the data on the card. Fragments are left behind,and over time, they will bog down the memory.

It is much better to format the memory. That isthe equivalent of wiping the slate clean, and willkeep your memory card from getting corrupted.

What to do with your imagesA whole generation of kids may never see baby

pictures? Why? People store the images on a computer hard

drive, which will eventually fail. What should youdo?

First, burn all your images onto archival DVDs.These DVDs, made of 24 karat gold, last muchlonger than any standard DVD-R. Most archivalDVDs are rated to last for up to 300 years.

Second, consider either printing your images orcreating unique photo gifts. Many people like to cre-ate photo books to document specific trips or events.A photo can be put on almost anything, from a t-shirt to a puzzle to a mouse pad.

Don’t overlook creating enlargements. Once youget that perfect shot, have it printed at 12x18 or16x20, then frame it and hang it on the wall. Presto-your own personalized artwork.

Remember, photography is a lifetime hobby. It’snot just about the technology; ultimately, photogra-phy is about preserving your memories.

Our thanks to Mike’s Camera for condensing the begin-ning photography class, which was offered to spouses atthe winter sheriffs’ conference, into a concise article for theenjoyment of our readers. One tip we learned at the con-ference that they didn’t include in the article is to use anarchival-gold solvent-free pen to write on CDs or DVDs.A normal Sharpie-type pen will eventually bleed into thepictures on the disk.

27

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County Sheriffs of Colorado, Inc.9008 N. US Hwy. 85 Unit CLittleton, CO 80125

Non-Profit Org.U.S. Postage

PAIDPERMIT No. 2755

Denver, CO

County Sheriffs of ColoradoInvites you to visit our facility. . .

❖ Meet our Executive Director,Don Christensen

❖ Tour our facility

❖ Have a cup of coffee

❖ Learn about volunteer opportunities

❖ Check out our store items