In 1865 the South lay in Ruin

1/5 of the South’s male population had been killed

Southern Cities were in Shambles

Businesses and Factories Destroyed

Much of the South’s Transportation System was Destroyed

Reconstruction

The United States Attempts to Rebuild after the Civil War

The South in Ruin

• By May of _______ the last Confederate forces had surrendered to the Union army.

• ___________of the Southern male population dies during the war.

• Farms and plantations were in desperate shape as a result of the ____________and from neglect.

• The South’s_______________system was almost entirely destroyed.

Many Questions to Answer

• How will the former slave transition into free society?

• How will the South react to free African Americans in their society?

• What is the status of the Confederate states? • How will southern states be brought back into

the Union?• Should the Confederate states be forgiven or

punished?

Johnson takes over as President

• Andrew Johnson was a slave owning __________ Senator from _________ who sided with the Union.

• Chosen to be Lincoln’s _______to get democratic votes in the 1864 election

Johnson is _________ on the South

• Against the wishes of the _____________ Congress, Johnson _____________ almost every planter and former Confederate leader who applied. Many states just reelected prewar leaders including_____Confederate generals, two cabinet members and the vice president of the Confederacy (all were rejected by Congress). By the time Congress reconvenes in 1865, Johnson had ______________ all Confederate states but Texas.

13th and 14th Amendments• 13th: 1865- __________

(involuntary servitude) will not be allowed in any U.S. territory

• 14th: 1868- ___________ extended to African Americans. No state shall deny any citizen life, liberty, or property without __________________

15th Amendment

• 1869- No one shall be denied the right to _________________________________

• Of course ________________ found many ways to get around this amendment

Republican Reconstruction Plan

• ____________ commanders placed in charge of Confederate states

• States had to write new ______________, which had to be approved by Congress

. Republican Reconstruction Plan

• All states trying to get back into the Union had to ratify ________

__________________________• States had to

guarantee__________to vote to all adult ___________.

Johnson’s Impeachment (1868)

• Republicans ___________ Andrew Johnson

• His conviction ________ by ______ vote

Republican Governments in the South

• Carpetbaggers:

• Scalawags:

Democrats Regain Control• Democrats incited white Southerners

against _________________________

• They also accused Republican governments of ______________________________

Democrats Regain Control• Southerners_________elections to

help Democrats win, and set up “______________” to keep African Americans in a slave-like condition.

Democrats Regain Control

• In the election of 1876, _____________________________is given the

presidency as part of a deal.• __________________ ends, and troops

are removed from the South

Life After Slavery

• The newly freed slaves or “_______________” now had freedom, but no food, shelter, job or other necessities of life.

• What do you think about the “Freedmen”?

The “New” South• Investing helps the South develop some

____________________ and industry• The South remains _________________• _____________ farmers: have to pay rent

on the land they farm

The “New” South• Sharecroppers:

• African Americans lose most __________ that they had gained

Changes for African Americans

• Among ________________, African Americans flocked to _______________________________. Despite poverty for many freedmen, some opened businesses and farmed their own land.

Southern Resistance to Reconstruction

• Many in the South did not want to see the ______________ of blacks. Since individual laws were up to the states, states were able to pass laws that helped to _________________ against freedman.

Black Codes

• Laws passed to ______________ the unequal relationship between whites and blacks in the South.

• Designed to keep freedmen in a ________________ condition, and give planters a supply of cheap labor.

The Ku Klux Klan

• Group of White citizens that _______________ African Americans and Whites loyal to the U.S. Government or ___________________ to Freedmen.

• Often local officials would not __________ their violent crimes.

Reconstruction’s Legacy• If the _____________ War was fought over State’s

Rights, Reconstruction showed that idea had failed. • Southern states resented _____________ control

for 10 years after the war, and continued for much of the next century.

• Intensified___________________of White southerners towards the government.

• _____________ and ____________ Americans were disappointed in being left out of rights passed on to freedmen.

Let’s Revisit:

• How is the former slave transitioning into free society?

• How did the South react to free African Americans in their society?

• What is the status of the Confederate states post Reconstruction?

• Were the Confederate states be forgiven or punished?