Implications of Medical Equipment for Hospital Design 3rd WHO Global Forum Medical Devices

Disclosures:

» IFHE is recognized by the WHO as an NGO in Official Relations with the WHO.

»Walt serves on ExCo of IFHE, representing the USA.

»Walt is a contractor to WHO (Healthy Cities Campaign, China, Health in the Green Economy, Healthcare, Principal Author).

»Walt is also CEO of Mazzetti, an international Technology and Engineering firm focused primarily in the healthcare space; Mazzetti is funding Walt’s work.

»Walt is also CEO of the Sextant Foundation, an international NGO providing sustainable energy and water systems for health facilities.

International Federation of Hospital Engineering (IFHE)

• NGO – formed in 1970 • 30 countries; 10k ppl • Connect national w/ global • Promote, develop,

disseminate hospital engineering technology

• Promote collaboration

Setting the Scene

“What we need more of are people who actually know what they’re doing out in the physical world – who know so well that they can not just carry forward old tradition but work out new and better ways of doing things.”

What’s the impact?

Equipment is getting bigger.

And, so is the energy usage.

NEED: Decrease Equipment Energy Consumption

Targeting 100

ASHRAE Advance Energy Design Guidelines

50% Energy Reduction

2013 Project Impact (Executed)

2014 Project Impact (Proposed)

20% Reduction Goal

[SERIES NAME] EUI: [VALUE] -259

170

190

210

230

250

270

290

310

330

350

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Ener

gy U

se In

dex

(EU

I)

kBTU

/SF

Actual Performance

3% Projected Demand Growth

2% Projected Demand Growth

2013 Project Impact (Executed)

2014 Project Impact(Proposed)

2015 Project Impact (FuturePhase)

2016 Project Impact (FuturePhase)

20% Reduction Goal

Acute Care Average

Projected Energy Use Intensity (EUI) Impact of Projects – Primary Enterprise Acute Facilities

EUI

NEED: Better Data Better Equipment Sizing

(A) Continuous and Noncontinous Loads. Where a branch circuit supplies continuous loads or any combination of continuous and noncontinous loads, the rating of the overcurrent device shall not be less than the noncontinous load plus 125 percent of the continuous load.

Portion of Receptacle Load to which Demand Factor Applies (Volt-Amperes) Demand Factor (%)

100 50

First 10 kVA or less at Remainder over 10 kVA at

Demand Factors for Non-Dwelling Receptacle Loads

# of Units of Equipment Demand Factor (%)

100 100

90 80 70 65

1 2 3 4 5 6+

Demand Factors for Kitchen Equipment (Other than Dwelling Units)

220.60 Noncoincident Loads. Where it is unlikely that two or more noncoincident loads will be in use simultaneously, it shall be permissible to use only the largest load(s) that will be used at one time for calculating the total load of a feeder or service.

Because we’re lacking…

Who has tried to tackle this?

Type of

Occupancy Low W/sf High W/sf Avg W/sf

Hospitals 0.50 1.50 1.00

Hospitals, large 0.40 1.00 0.70

Office Buildings 0.50 1.50 1.00

From IEEE Standard 241-1990 Gray Book

Measured Results

Kaiser Facility Minimum

W/Sf Peak W/sf Avg W/sf kWh/SF-yr % of Total Electricity

San Jose Ambulatory Surgery Center 0.47 1.56 0.76 6.65 N/A*

Fairfield Medical Office 0.22 0.53 0.30 2.59 11%

Oakland Medical Office 0.19 0.49 0.27 2.39 12%

San Francisco 450 6th Ave Medical Office

0.19 0.68 0.29 2.55 11%

San Francisco 2238 Geary Medical Office

Still Processing Data

04

Space Type Design W/SF Measured

Average W/SF

Measured Peak

W/SF

Breakroom/Lounge 3.91 0.48 2.92

Conference/Meeting Areas 1.85 0.19 0.41

Exam/Consultation 1.85 0.34 0.63

Imaging/Linear Accelerator 4.06 0.65 1.75

Lab/Storage 2.86 0.31 0.69

Mechanical/Electrical 5.72 0.94 1.25

Offices 1.85 0.30 0.67

Pharmacy/Retail 2.28 1.19 2.02

Prep Area, Pre-Op 5.97 2.93 4.67

Procedure/Operating

Rooms/Treatment 5.07 0.29 0.92

Public/Waiting Area/Corridors 0.29 0.17 0.43

Reception 4.61 0.90 2.48

Workstation/Nurse Station 4.61 1.36 2.90

04

Ifhe website

Need better

To better design

To reduce

in

What is IFHE doing and how can you help?

Walt Vernon, IFHE Exco Mazzetti+GBA Sextant Foundation walterv@mazzetti.com +1.415.652.4222

Let’s talk further.