IMPERIALISM:

SEEKING OVERSEAS TERRITORIES AND TRYING TO EXPAND ECONOMIC, POLITICAL, AND SOCIAL CONTROL OVER THEM

Why imperialize?

Raw materials New markets Economic advantages Political power

worldwide Feeling of cultural

superiority and desire to spread own ideas

Keeping up with other superpowers

Why NOT imperialize?

Costs money to defend colonies

Could lead us into wars Native people hate us Goes against our

Constitution

Alfred T. Mahan: we need naval Alfred T. Mahan: we need naval bases!bases!

HAWAII

Good soil

Along trade routes

American sugar plantation owners help overthrow Queen Liliuokalani in 1893

Annexed by US in 1898; state in 1959

Spanish-American War, aka Spanish-American War, aka “the splendid little war,” 1898“the splendid little war,” 1898

Sinking of the Sinking of the MaineMaine

De De Lome letterLome letter

Yellow journalism

Concentration camps set up Concentration camps set up by General Valeriano Weylerby General Valeriano Weyler

Poetry of Jose Marti, from CubaPoetry of Jose Marti, from Cuba

Fighting in Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Fighting in Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Cuba (San Juan Hill with Rough Riders)Cuba (San Juan Hill with Rough Riders)

When war ends:

• Spain loses badly• Cuba gains

independence from Spain

• US acquires Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines (for $20 million)

PHILIPPINESPHILIPPINES

KEY INFORMATIONKEY INFORMATION

Emilio Aguinaldo Emilio Aguinaldo had led forces had led forces against Spain against Spain before US got before US got involved, but US involved, but US wants control once wants control once war is overwar is over

Anti-Imperialist Anti-Imperialist League formed in League formed in US by those against US by those against annexationannexation

Despite protests, Despite protests, annexed in 1899annexed in 1899

Filipinos fight back Filipinos fight back for 3 brutal years, for 3 brutal years, rebellion crushedrebellion crushed

Some self-rule by Some self-rule by 1916, 1916, independence in independence in 19461946

CUBACUBA

KEY INFORMATIONKEY INFORMATION

Teller AmendmentTeller Amendment: we : we promise to help Cuba promise to help Cuba get independence get independence from Spainfrom Spain

Platt AmendmentPlatt Amendment: we : we refuse to leave unless refuse to leave unless Cuba agrees to our Cuba agrees to our terms: we can terms: we can intervene, set up intervene, set up naval bases, i. e naval bases, i. e Guantanamo BayGuantanamo Bay

Gained protectorate Gained protectorate statusstatus

Increased trade in Increased trade in early 1900searly 1900s

Today: Cuba is Today: Cuba is communist since communist since 1959, we have 1959, we have embargo (no trade)embargo (no trade)

PUERTO RICOPUERTO RICO

KEY INFORMATIONKEY INFORMATION

First ruled by US as First ruled by US as a territorya territory

Intervention in Intervention in government, then government, then gradual self-gradual self-government by 1917government by 1917

Became Became commonwealth in commonwealth in 19521952

Puerto Ricans are Puerto Ricans are US citizens, but still US citizens, but still maintain some maintain some independenceindependence

CHINACHINA

KEY INFORMATIONKEY INFORMATION

Spheres of Spheres of influence in China influence in China had given control had given control of different areas of different areas to European to European countriescountries

US proposes Open US proposes Open Door policy where Door policy where all nations have all nations have trade accesstrade access

Chinese resent Chinese resent foreign foreign interferenceinterference

Boxer Rebellion as Boxer Rebellion as protest; failsprotest; fails

Today: most of our Today: most of our stuff is made in stuff is made in China!China!

PANAMAPANAMA

KEY INFORMATIONKEY INFORMATION

France tries to build canal France tries to build canal to cut time between to cut time between oceans; failsoceans; fails

US tries to make deal for US tries to make deal for canal land with Colombia canal land with Colombia

Colombia wants more Colombia wants more moneymoney

US helps Panama get US helps Panama get independence from independence from Colombia and makes deal Colombia and makes deal with Panamawith Panama

Dr. Gorgas—helps stop Dr. Gorgas—helps stop malaria from killing malaria from killing workers (mosquitoes, workers (mosquitoes, standing water)standing water)

Built 1904-1914Built 1904-1914 Today: control of canal Today: control of canal

returned to Panama in returned to Panama in 20002000