impacts of ocean acidification on mollusk fisheries and coral reefs
DESCRIPTION
Impacts of ocean acidification on mollusk fisheries and coral reefs. Scott Doney & Sarah Cooley Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution center for Climate and Energy Decision Making (CEDM) 2012. Ocean Acidification. Observed trends -rising seawater CO 2 -declining pH & carbonate saturation. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Impacts of ocean acidification on mollusk fisheries and coral reefs
Scott Doney & Sarah CooleyWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution
center for Climate and Energy Decision Making (CEDM) 2012
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Ocean Acidification
Doney et al. Ann. Rev. Mar. Sci. 2009Dore et al. PNAS 2009
Observed trends-rising seawater CO2
-declining pH & carbonate saturation
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Marine Life Susceptible to Ocean Acidification
-Reduced shell formation -Habitat loss-Less available prey
New biological effects still being discovered
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Social & Economic Impacts
Cooley, Kite-Powell, and Doney Oceanography (2009)Cooley & Doney, Environmental Research Letters (2009)
-Marine fisheries & aquaculture•food supply•jobs, livelihoods & trade
-Coral reefs•reef fisheries•tourism•shoreline protection
-Globally, largest impacts may be on developing island and coastal nations
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U.S. ex-vessel revenue; NOAA NMFS; Cooley & Doney ERL 2009
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Net importers
Net exporters
Cooley, Lucey, Kite-Powell, & Doney, Fish & Fisheries, 2012
Vulnerability to Ocean Acidification
Index Based on Mollusk Fisheries
Protein insufficientMollusks ≥ 1% of
proteinBoth
Least adaptable Most adaptable
-Exposure•chemistry change-Sensitivity•mollusk fisheries•seafood imports•protein supply-Adaptive capacity•per capita GNP
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Modeling Coupled Natural-Human Systems
Atlantic Sea Scallop Integrated Assessment Model
Howarth figure
Collaboration with J. Hare & D. Hart, NOAA/NMFS
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South Florida Coral Reef Modeling
Modeled Aragonite Saturation
Aragonite Saturation Trend
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-Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide causes well-understood changes in seawater chemistry
-Acidification threatens coral reefs & shellfish
-Human impacts through impaired fisheries, tourism & coastal protection
-Adaptation strategies:•Ocean monitoring networks •Reduce other human stresses on ocean•Scientist-stakeholder partnerships•Coupled natural-human system models
Special Thanks To: Alan Barton, William Cheung, Charlie Colgan, Richard Feely, Hauke Kite-Powell & Noelle Lucey
Summary Points
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In Gulf of Mexico
CESM 1.0 20th Century transient run with prescribed CO2 and fully coupled climate
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South Florida Field Observations
Hofmann PLoS 2011
Coral Reefs
Days
Ongoing R/V Gordon Gunter DataWanninkhof et al. NOAA/AOMLhttp://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ocd/gcc/rvgunter_introduction.php
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2−[CO3 ][CO2]
100−150% 50%
2100
8.2
8.1
8.0
7.9
7.81800 1900 2000 2100
50
40
30
20
10
0
300
240
180
120
60
0
pHμm
ol kg−1
Year
pH
CO2(aq)
CO32−
30% acidity16% [CO3 ]
2000
2−
Wolf-Gladrow et al. (1999)
Ocean Acidification
CO2 + H2O H2CO3 H+ + CO32- HCO3
-H+ + HCO3-CO2 + CO3 + H2O2- 2HCO3-−−<>−−