impact off micro and nanotechnology (mnt) to basque industry · nanopowder ceramics and...

© TEMAS AG: 1 31.5.05

TEMAS Technologie Treuhand

Impact off Micro and Nanotechnology (MNT)

to Basque Industry

Karl HöhenerTechnology Advisor

TEMAS AGTechnologie Treuhand

© TEMAS AG: 2 31.5.05


Micro- and NanoTechMethods and Results from Switzerland

4 Introduction4 Nanotechnologies in

Switzerland an overview4 Benefits for the

automotive sector through the use of MNT

4 Benefits for the Machine Tool Industry

4 Instrumentation and Nano-Systems

4 Outlook

© TEMAS AG: 3 31.5.05


TEMAS Ltd.The Innovation Company

Service provider along the Innovation-Path

Technology ManagementTo suppot Funding- and Innovation Agencies

Concepts to strengthen the economic impactof new technologies (How to address SMEs, programme design, …)Advice for implementation and impact controlling of programmes on a regional or national levelIndependent evaluation of projects, risks, …

Technology TrusteeTo support Companies

Impact of new Technologies to the product portfolio

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TEMAS Technology Impulse®Impulses for your innovation process; increased customer benefit through new functionalities for existing or new products.

The TEMAS Technology Impulse supports you in generating added value.

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The TEMAS Technology Flash gives you security for your decision processes.

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The TEMAS Technology Scout supports you in shortening your development times and costs.

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With the TEMAS Technology Coaching you will reach your goal safely.

providing services along the Innovation-Path

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TEMAS Technology Scout® BusinessWith the TEMAS Technology Scout Business you find the best partner in order to commercialize your technology, technology-oriented products, or services in the high tech sector.

The TEMAS Technology Scout Business is your door-opener to the Swiss market.

To support companies

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Success stories from Switzerland

4 Introduction4 Nanotechnologies in Switzerland an overview4 Benefits for the automotive sector through

the use of MNT4 Benefits for the Machine Tool Industry4 Instrumentation and Nano-Systems4 Outlook

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Nano scale science began 1981 in the IBM's Zurich Research Laboratory with the groundbreaking invention of the scanning tunneling microscope

(STM), for which Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer were awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1986.

Nano Scale Science in Switzerland

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Nanotechnology, why Switzerland is leading

Comparison of scales:STM: Atom Scanning Ping-Pong-ball

and Matterhorn

to to

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Quelle: Nach VDI

0.1nmTime

Applications :Smart Materials

OpticBiology

CommunicationSensors

Applications of Nano-Technology

0.1mm

0.1µm

Biology

Physics

Chemistry

MACRO

MICRO

NANO

SurfacesStructures

SensorsBio chips

Powders, CNT...

Structural size

Supra Molecular -Chemistry

Cell biology

FunctionalMolecule Design

Molecular biology

ComplexChemistry

Quantum effects

Material design

Micro -Electronics

Electronics

Electro -Technology

Source: VDI

Macro - Micro – Nano - Scale

Definition

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New scientific findings will be available continuously

Maturity

TimeInvention leader

EarlyFollower Late Follower

DominantDesign

Inventors

SME

Innovation leader

Worldmarketleaders

Companies

Nano projects links:• Scientists, • Technologists and• Engineersto create a “NANOMETER“business sector

NANOprojects

new

new

new

Curr.status

Applications

Techn

ologie

s

Scie

ntifi

cFi

ndin

gs

The NANO-Technology starts developing

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Implementation: Clusters of Competence

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Copyright Management Team TOP NANO 21

First Structure of Swiss Nano Business Sector

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The Swiss NANO-Region

Industries around research centres

Companies applying Nanotechnologies

Research centres

Universitéde Genève

Universität Basel

PSIUniversitätSt.Gallen

EMPA St. Gallen

FH Buchs

SUPSI

EPFLEMPA Thun

Universitéde Neuchâtel

CSEMUniversitéde Fribourg

FH Biel

CSEM Alpnach

EMPA Dübendorf

ETHZ

FH Wallis

Metas

CAFI

FH Basel

IBM ResearchDivision

Companies applying Microtechnologies

Source: TOP NANO 21 & CTI

400 Km

20

0 K

m

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Benefits for the automotive sector through the use of MNT

4 New efficient diesel gas sensors combining nanopowder ceramics and micromachined silicon dice.

4 Self Cleaning Paints and Composites Containing Nanocrystalline Photocatalysts.

4 Dendritic Polymers for Nanostructured Composite Materials, new trend to fire retardancy weight reduction with Star Branch Polymer and clays.

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New Efficient Diesel Gas Sensors

Sensitive layerMetal lines

SiO2 Micro heater plate

MembraneSilicon substrate

Gas semiconductor sensors based on silicon technology

Combining Nanopowder Ceramics and Micro machined Silicon Dice

Source: EPFL

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Nature guides the solutionThe LOTUS effect

Source: http://www.botanik.uni-bonn.de

Nanotechnologie

Introduction

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The mystery of the LOTUS - effect

Source: http://www.botanik.uni-bonn.deREM pictures

Nanotechnologie

Introduction

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Source: DaimlerChrysler AG

Dank hohem Vernetzungs-grad ist der Klarlack besonders kratzfest

New self cleaning paints

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The Development of self cleaning paints

.Ethanol degradation; Sun test Lamp: 250 mW/m2

-5.00E-08

0.00E+00

5.00E-08

1.00E-07

1.50E-07

2.00E-07

2.50E-07

3.00E-07

3.50E-07

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Time (hrs)

7% Unmodified Photocatalystadded to the acrylic dispersion2 paint

0.7%Modified Photocatalystadded to the Acrylic Dispersion2 paint

7% Modified Photocatalystadded to Acrylic Dispersion 2paint

0.7% Unmodified Photocatalystadded to Acrylic Dispersion 2paint

Ethanol degradation shown by different surface modified and anchored nanosizedcatalyst containing paints

Composites Containing Nanocrystalline Photocatalysts

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Dendritic Polymers for Nanostructured Composite Materials

From HBP/exfoliated clay nanocomposites to new materials (e.g. polyurethanes (Y = -OH, -NCO), epoxies (Y = NH2), acrylates (Y = -Acr).

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TEM micrographs of unexfoliated and exfoliated polyurethane nanocomposites along with the relative stiffness measured in the rubber plateau regime (plateau modulus normalized with respect to that of the same formulation without clay) as a function of the clay content, f, in weight %.

Dendritic Polymers for Nanostructured Composite Materials

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Benefits for the Machine Tool Industry

4 Ultra high precision systems for machining and assembly.

4 Nano indentation to analyse tools, hard coatings and wear resistance.

4 3-D touch probe with 5 nm resolution and 20 nm repeatability for coordinate measuring machines.

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The Delta Cube II:mechanical structureof the new designedmicro-EDM machine

Linar table of Delta Cube II:• 10 mm movement, • 10 nm resolution

Nanofactory

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from CAD design

to prototype

Presentation of the Sigma 6 robot

Ultra high precision parallel manipulator family with 3 to 6 degrees of freedom

Nanofactory

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Three-axis machine and milling tool

Ultrasonically assisted high speed nano-micro milling

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AWM Werkzeugbau AG

Nano Replication

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4 Nano indentation to analyse tools hard coatings and wear resistance.


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Example of nanoindentation in TiAlSiN multilayer thin film. a) load-displacement curves showing discontinuities due to the formation of nano

and micro scale cracks. b) AFM micrograph showing crack morphology of an indent.

Nanoindentation for mechanical properties and fracture of nanostructured materials

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000

Load

On

Sam

ple

[mN

]

Displacement Into Surface [nm]

B - 225

Nanoindentation

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Atomistic simulation ofnanoindentation.a) zone beneath the indenter for

the single crystal sample at a displacement of 12.3 Angstrom,

b) for the 12 nm gain sample at a displacement of 11.9 Angstrom, only non FCC atoms are shown.

c) A view of the 5 nm average grain size sample at an indentation depth of 20 Angstrom. The yellow arrows signify relative motion of the gains relative to the center of mass of the yellow atoms.

Nanoindentation

Nanoindentation for mechanical properties and fracture of nanostructured materials

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4 Nano indentation to analyse tools hard coatings and wear resistance.


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sensor

probe

magnet

Kinematic structure of the 3D touch probe (left), magnetic holding of the probing element (centre) and mechanical filter (right).

The standard deviation of repeated measurements, e.g. the difference between left and right probing on a 5 mm gauge block, was in the order of 5 nm.

3D touch probe for coordinate measuring machines

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Instrumentation and Nano-Systems

4 Digital Holography for the Nano Scale,

4 New generation of atomic force microscopes with a new resolution/stroke range of SPM (AFM, STM) for applications in air and liquids,

4 Nanomanipulation of mesoscopic objects –new techniques and applications.New generation haptic devices for manipulation at the nano scale,

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Digital Holographic Microscopy (DHM) is a new instrument with up to 10 images a second.

The instrument is capable of imaging cells down to the nanoscale.

It was demonstrated to be very efficient in visualizing small deformations and movements of particles, vesicles and living cells, like neurons.

Resolutions of less than 40nm could be reached on the axis of the microscope.

Gold particles with diameters down to 20 nm could be

Digital Holography Microscopes (DHM)

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Material sciences

Micro optics quality control

Surface 3D topography

Bio- support nano structure Quality control of spots on biochips

Pollen recognition

without contrast agents

Research &Proof ofPrinciple

ProductDevelopment Prototyping Market

Introduction Production

Lyncée Tec SAThe Solution for Nano imaging

Digital Holography Microscopes (DHM)

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4 New generation of atomic force microscopes with a new resolution/stroke range of SPM (AFM, STM) for applications in air and liquids,

4 Nanomanipulation of mesoscopic objects –new techniques and applications.New generation haptic devices for manipulation at the nano scale,

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Source: University of Basel

Nanotechnology – The dimension of the nanometer

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Microfabricated Cantilever made from silicon (Si)

40 µm

laserbeamdetector

sample

singleatomtip

scanning unitSource: University of Basel

Nanotechnology – Microscopy for the nanometer

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The scanning process („scanning“)

Nanotechnology – Microscopy for the nanometer


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nanoSurf

The varnish surface of a car as seen with a AtomicForce Microscope

Picture size:40 µm × 40 µm × 0.4 µm

Microscope of Nanosurf

Portable Atomic Force

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Source: IBM

Cantilever sensorwithfunctionalised surface

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Source: IBM

ArtificialNose

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Cantisens® Research

• Microfabricated silicon levers with a thickness of 1 to 10 m

• Biochemical surface coating selectively binds specific target molecules.

• Adsorption of few molecules will create surface stress on the cantilever and result in tiny deflections of only a few nm

Research &Proof ofPrinciple

ProductDevelopment Prototyping Market

Introduction Production

Cantilever sensor platform

designed for:

industrial application

development and scientific research

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4 New generation of atomic force microscopes with a new resolution/stroke range of SPM (AFM, STM) for applications in air and liquids, new cantilever sensors

4 Nanomanipulation of mesoscopic objects –new techniques and applications. New generation haptic devices for manipulation at the nano scale,

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Manipulation at the nanoscale with force feedback is made a accurate and easy through:

• A large workspace (∅300mm, which means a reduction factor of the order of 100'000),

• A force ranging from humansensitivity to 2.5kg.

Tip

Atomic Force Microscope

nanofeel

Nanomanipulation of mesoscopic objects –new techniques and applications

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Outlook

4 Safety and risk issues

4 Technology

4 Innovation Systems

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Introduction: Nano Safety and Risks

The implementation of nanotechnology poses unknown riskswhich are difficult to assess with respect to their impact on

- The environment- Human health- Ethical, legal and societal issues

Main source of unknowns:

Material properties can change on the nano scale!

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Impact on the environment

- Nanomaterials are already released into the environment

- Because of their small dimensions nanomaterials can be largely distributed within the environment in water streams, soil and air

- Like other chemicals nanomaterials can accumulate in the environment, but their effects are still unknown

- The persistence or degradation of nanomaterials in the environment is still unclear and can have enormous impacts

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Impact on human health

Nanomaterials can have a huge impact on human health:

- they can be absorbed in many ways by the human body (skin, lung, gastro-intestinal tract)

- They are distributed within the whole organism via blood and lymphatic systems

- They accumulate in organs (e.g. brain, kidney, liver)

- Because of their small size they can reach every place in the body

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Ethical, legal and societal implications

- Public perception of nanotechnology is a crucial determinant for its successful establishment as a future driving force in the economies worldwide

- As nanomaterials have different properties compared to the bulk materials new legislation and regulation will be necessary on an international level

- Ideas like toxic particles that can go everywhere and self-replicating nanorobots can produce fear and uncertainty in the broad public and can lead to severe societal problems

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- Optical Devices- Light Sources- Sensors- Energy Storage- Photovoltaics

Devices

Economic uncertainty

EnvironmentRisks

Societal Impacts

Toxicity

- Tips and Probes- Data Storage

Instrumentation


EnvironmentRisks

Societal Impacts

Toxicity

- Machining- Self Assembly

Nanofactory/Replication


EnvironmentRisks

Societal Impacts

Toxicity

- Biomaterials- Life Sciences

Nanobio/NanoMedicine


EnvironmentRisks

Societal Impacts

Toxicity

- Novel Materials- Nano Particles- Surfaces

Materials/Powders


EnvironmentRisks

Societal Impacts

Toxicity

No or little risks Medium risks High risks

Inherent risks of Nanotechnologies (a first overview)

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Spontaneous self organization

4 Assembly of atoms and molecules without external influence to 2- and 3- dimensional structures is called self assembly.

4 Today this effect is mainly used to self assemble regular structures e.g. for wires, etc.

Outlook Technology

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Molecular 2D Solid-Gas Equilibrium

Nanotechnologie

G

C

S

S

Single molecule

C: 2D condensed phaseG: 2D gas phase S: step edges decorated

by molecules

Copyright University of Basel


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Outlook


4 Technology

4 Collaboration Science and Economy– Knowledge and Technology Transfer– Education

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Knowledge and Technology Transfer

Productdevelopment

MarketTechnologydevelopment

Appliedresearch

Basicresearch

Knowledge orientedbasic research

Proactive object- orientedbasic research

Reactiveobject- orientedbasic research

Product- andprocess

developmentMarket

1

Market drivenKnowledge and

Technology Demand (KTD)

2Science drivenKnowledge and

Technology Transfer(KTT)

PUSH

PULL

The two-process approach KTT/KTD

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Customer Value

Functions

Entre

pren

eurs

Cre

ator

of

Inno

vatio

ns

Technologies

Technology Provider

Science Community

IdeasSolutionsPartnersCoaching

Cre

ator

s of

O

ppor

tuni

ties

Inte

rnat

iona

l Sup

port

FP 6

, IM

S

Nat

iona

l Sup

port

The PULL-Process

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Today

Productdevelopment

MarketTechnologydevelopment

Appliedresearch

Basicresearch

Knowledge orientedbasic research

Proactive object-orientedbasic research

Reactiveobject-orientedbasic research

Product- andprocess

developmentMarket

1

Market drivenKnowledge and

Technology Demand (KTD)

2Science drivenKnowledge and

Technology Transfer(KTT)

PUSH

PULL

The two-process approach “Push/Pull” for Information Exchange between Science and Economy

© TEMAS AG: 64 31.5.05


Product andProcess

DevelopmentMarketApplied

ResearchTechnology

DevelopmentFundamental

Research

Knowledge oriented

Fundamental Research

Device, Process- and

System Development

Market

Basic Research

Next step:

Science drivenTransfer (Push)

Market drivenDemand (Pull)

Developmentof

Technology Platforms

Knowledge andmarket driven

Applied Research

Private-Public-

Partnership

From Information Transfer to Technology Platforms

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The KTT and R&D-Landscape with Technology Platforms

Incremental InnovationRadical Innovation

ScientificExcellence

Private-Public-

Partnership1

Engineering ProductsDevices

ComponentsETHZ

EPFL

TextileMobilityEnergySensorsBioTechMedTechBuildings

CompositesAdhesives

Powders, CNT Fullerenes

Systems-Material-Chemical-Mechanical-

Process-Product-Production-

Qualitiy-Safety-Durability-

Mobility

Energy

MicroSystems

PSI/EMPA

Textile

Small scale mat.(Powders, surfaces,…)

Science Technology EconomyEngineering

Parti

cipa

tion

ofPu

blic

Inst

itutio

ns

Parti

cipa

tion

ofEc

onom

y

1 EU Nomenclature: Technology Platforms

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International und national framework

conditions

Education

Research and Development

UniversitiesP-P-P R&D-

Institutes

UAS

LargeEnterprises

SMEStart-up

Enterprises

UASUniversities

Vocationalschools

Education

Source: according to Hotz, Good, Küchler, Reuter

Enterprises

Knowledge Transfer/Demand

Public research andInnovation promotion

agencies

Overview Innovation System

and Technology

Innovation Platform

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Outlook


4 Technology

4 Collaboration Science and Economy– Knowledge and Technology Transfer– Education

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Needs of Industry

To apply the results of Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, industry needs excellent educated and trained collaborators from:

• the Universities;• the Universities of Applied Sciences

(UAS) and• the Schools for professional education

(vocational training)

Education

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The cornerstones for a successful Knowledge and Technology Transfer from academic research into industry:

a) University level:- Actively support PhD students and motivated university

graduates to embark upon a PhD study. (www.nano-world.org)- International summer school “Hansliberg/Twannberg” - PhD student award (www.ethrat.ch/topnano21)

b) Universities of Applied Sciences:- Encouragement and assistance to develop national teaching courses in Nano Technologies. - Support to create the UAS Nano Platform (www.nanofh.ch)

c) Vocational schoolsVocation specific teaching modules addressing the application of tools for the Nano scale (AFM, STM, …) for surface inspection such as roughness, contaminations, … . (www.nanoforschools.ch)

Education

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CTI Start-up professional coaching process

Pre- label coaching Post-label support

Source: CTI Start-up

© TEMAS AG: 71 31.5.05


Innovation means seeing

what everybody sees and anticipating

what no one has anticipated

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impact off micro and nanotechnology (mnt) to basque industry · nanopowder ceramics and...

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