impact of government initiatives to curb the migration ratio and assessment of socio-economic...
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Impact of Government Initiatives to Curb the
Migration Ratio and
Assessment of Socio-Economic Dimension of
Migrant Labour Presented byBihar Institute of Economic Studies
1,IAS Colony, Kidwaipuri, Patna-1 website:-www.bies.in, e-mail:[email protected]
Background
• Migration of Labour is prone from Lower Economy State to higher economy state
• Bihar still remains a lower economy state particularly after its bifurcation.
• Majority of Labour in Bihar depends on agriculture for employment.
• Finding inadequate employment at their native place people forced to be moved outsides for gainful employment. It is generally termed as migration.
• Several measures by the present government has been initiated i.e. construction of New Roads, Culverts, Small Bridges under Mukhya Mantri Grameen Sampark Path, Apki Sarkar Apke Dwar and Mukhya Mantri Setu Nirman Yojana (MNSNY), etc.
• It is in this background this study has been undertaken to assess its impact on Migration & results are being presented.
Objectives
• To ascertain the nature of work generally these labours prefer
• To find out the period/season of migration by the labour.
• To explore the socio-economic conditions of the families of the migrated labour.
• To quantify the migration of labours from Bihar during 2001-02 to 2002-03 and during 2006-07 to 2007-08. To study the specific reasons behind the labour migration from Bihar.
• To find the different initiatives including its impact on migration.
Method & Coverage
• It is basically a sample survey. But the results are generalized for the state as a whole.
• Six Districts from different region are selected under this study.
Location of Sample Districts
Sex wise distribution of Sample Migrant Labour
92.08
7.92
Male
Female
Distribution of Migrant Labour by their Social Group
59.58
1.67
26.25
12.5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Social Group
In p
erce
nt SC
ST
OBC
General
Distribution of Migrant Labour by their Age
1.88
38
51.25
6.252.08
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Age group (in yrs)
In p
erce
nt Below 18
18-30
30-42
42-54
54 & above
Distribution of Migrant labour by their Education Level
22.92
35.42
23.32
15
2.920.42
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Education Level
In p
erce
nt
Illiterate
Up to Primary
Middle
Matric
Inter
Tech-education
14.79
32.5
38.96
10
3.75
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Occupation
Cultivation & AnimalHusbandry
Agri. Labour
Non-Ag. labour
Artisan Workers
Others
Occupation Distribution of Migrant Labours
54.17
39.37
5.423.54 2.91
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Reasons
Lack of employmentopportunity
Economic benefit
Better opportunity
Family Problem
Others
Distribution of Migrant Labours by
Reasons of Migration
4.6
21.34
6.69
11.72
15.06
26.36
5.86
8.37
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Place
Within own
Delhi
Gujarat
Harayana
Maharstra
Punjab
West Bengal
Others
Distribution of Migrant Labour by their Working Place during the Migration
Period
Distribution of Problems of Migrant Labours during their
Migration
40.17
24.69
35.56
24.2723.85
30.21
4.6
05
1015202530354045
Problems
In p
erce
nt
Health
EconomicalExploitation
Excess work
AccommodationalProblem
Untimely Food
Ill treatment
Others
24.76
41.67
26.53
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Sex
Male
Female
All
Decline in Labour Migration from 2001-05 to 2006-10
Number of Persons/Family migrated during 2001-05 & 2006-10
No. of Persons migrated
Number of Households
2001-05 2006-010
North South All North South All
No Migration
1.67 2.92 2.29 4.17 14.17 9.17
1 50.00 40.0 45.0 76.67 50.83 63.75
2 32.92 39.58 36.25 15.42 25.42 20.42
3 7.92 10.83 9.38 3.33 3.75 3.54
4 7.50 2.92 5.21 0.42 3.33 1.87
5 & above
- 3.75 1.87 - 2.5 1.25
N 240 240 480 240 240 480
Persons and Average Persons per Family migrated during
2001-05 and 2006-10
Region/State
No of Persons migrated Average Persons per family migrated
Percentage Change
2001-05 2006-10 2001-05 2006-10
North Bihar 407 286 1.70 1.19 -29.73
South Bihar 442 338 1.94 1.46 -23.53
All Bihar 849 624 1.81 1.33 -26.51
