iltam green directives workgroup - incoseil

AudioCodes' Confidential Information

ILTAM

Green Directives WorkgroupMeeting #10

(Third meeting-2010)

29.11.10

Yoav GiladNote: Part of the data is courtesy of DCA

Copyright © 2010 AudioCodes, All Rights Reserved

For Your Company Use ONLY. DO NOT DISTRIBUTE OUTSIDE YOUR COMPANY


REACH - GENERAL


REACH-New SVHCs

On 30 August 2010, the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) published proposals to identify 11 additional substances as Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC) and possible candidates for authorization.

Interested parties were invited to comment on these proposals by 14 October 2010.

No decision was taken yet whether the substances will be added to the actual Candidate List.

It seems none is in direct use in the electronic industry.http://echa.europa.eu/doc/press/pr_10_16_svhc_consultation_20100830.pdf

http://echa.europa.eu/doc/press/pr_10_16_svhc_consultation_20100830.pdf








REACH-General

European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) Guidance on

Requirements for Substances in Articles, June 2009:

ECHA Guidance section 5.3

“Whenever standard information from suppliers is not

sufficient to check compliance with REACH,

companies have to obtain the necessary information

by pro-active requests in the supply chain.”


“Old” RoHS


RoHS Exemptions - I

On 25 Sept. 2010 a decision of the European Commission was published in the Official Journal of the European Union, amending the list of Directive exemptions.

Some exemptions were deleted, some were given an expiration date, and some had their given values reduced.

No change in Exemption 7(b): Lead in solder for servers…

http://www.bureauveritas.com/wps/wcm/connect/cd45c9004427cd2a8973eff870c04f01/Bulletin_10B-167.pdf?MOD=AJPERES






















RoHS Exemptions - II

Oko Institute and Fraunhofer IZM recomandation:

7(c)-III -Lead in PZT based dielectric ceramic materials for capacitors being part of integrated circuits or discrete semiconductors

http://circa.europa.eu/Public/irc/env/rohs_2010_review/library?l=/recommendations/final_request_2pdf/_EN_1.0_&a=d

35 - Cadmium in photoresistors for analog optocouplers applied in professional audio equipment -up to 31 December 2013.

http://circa.europa.eu/Public/irc/env/rohs_2010_review/library?l=/recommendations/final-rec-ex-request-1pd/_EN_1.0_&a=d





























RoHS Exemptions - III

Nov. 16th, 2010: The third stakeholder consultation on the three existing RoHS exemption 30, 31 and 32 is closed.

Öko-Institut and Fraunhofer IZM will evaluate the results of the consultation and contact individual stakeholders if necessary.

A fourth stakeholder consultation is likely to be launched in December covering two new exemption requests.

Exemption 30, 31 and 32


RoHS Recast


Recast Status - I

On June the EU Parliament’s proposed to list 37 substances for priority assessment. The list contains tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBPA), widely used as flame retardant in PCBs (which was found to be safe for human health by

both the World Health Organization & SCHER, the European Scientific Committee on Health and Environmental Risks).

IPC lobbying succeeded –

To base new substances inclusion on solid scientific examination (and

not on politic ones…), and

To postpone the submission of the TBBPA (and more substances).

http://www.ipc.org/ContentPage.aspx?pageid=IPC-Lobbying-Efforts-Pay-Off-MEPs-Agree-to-Drop-List-of-Priority-Substances



























Recast Status - II

Status: Pending (published on Dec. 03, 2008)

Last steps to close this dossier:

On November 24 2010 the European Parliament voted to adopt the latest proposed amendments to the RoHS Directive.

The text must be approved by the EU council and published in the Official Journal of the European Union. The Belgium president of the council has set a goal of having this approved prior to December 31 2010. The new RoHS directive will need to be implemented into EU Member State law no later than 18 months after publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.


China


China REACH - I

On 19 Jan. 2010, the State Environmental Protection Administration(SEPA) formally released the revised version (the Order No. 7) of the Measures on Environmental Administration of New Chemical Substances (MEANCS). The new regulation replaced the old regulation issued by SEPA in 2003 and came into force on 15 Oct. 2010. The Order No. 7 is similar to EU REACH and thus is called "China REACH".


China REACH - II

Main points:

Risk management of new chemicals based on their hazardous properties and the risk of exposure to workers and consumers.

Notification requirements for chemicals based on tonnage bands which are the same as in the EU, i.e. 1, 10, 100 and 1000 tones.

Notification of new chemicals imported in quantities < 1 tone will be introduced.

Notification will be possible only by a registered Chinese entity

Reporting and notification requirements will be introduced for manufacturers and importers (of chemicals).

http://noliesradio.org/images/china-environment.jpg


China REACH - III

The original proposals included very few obligations that affected substances in "articles", as fabricated products are referred to by EU REACH, although it is clear that some of the most hazardous substances could eventually be phased out in China and this could affect the availability of some process materials and possibly also fabricated products.


China RoHS - IV

The name was changed to “Measures for Administration of the Pollution Control of Electronic and Electrical Products”• This will enable a broader scope for the law (maybe more like EU RoHS?)

Clarified the labeling provisions

Still talks about a “Key Catalogue”

Timeline• Issued July 21 2010; 30 day comment period

• September to December 2010: WTO/TBT submission/comment period (not submitted as of October 11).

• December 2010: Internal submission for approval

• March 2011: Promulgation


China RoHS - V

Relationship to the China REACH law remains unclear

Unanswered questions: what exactly must be tested

which labs are accredited to do the testing


Israeli WEEE

http://www.advocate.com/uploadedImages/ADVOCATE/NEWS/2010/2010-05/2010-05-22/israel_flag.jpg


Israeli WEEE

On July 2010, a WEEE bill was proposed to the Knesset.

A new bill was proposed in October 25th (by David Azulay, Dov Chanin; Zvulun Orlev & Carmel Shama). This bill is longer and more detailed than July bill. The scope is modeled closely on the EU’s WEEE Directive. There are number of targets for equipment to be sent to treatment facilities, for 2012 to 2015.

http://www.oilinisrael.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/knesset.jpg


USA WEEE


Patchwork of conflicting regulations

Currently, 23 states have passed laws regulating e-waste

Each state has its own criteria for disposing of discarded electronic products, and each has its own registration process

There are continuous attempts at national legislation that would create one set of rules, thus making compliance simpler and less costly, but no bill is likely to pass soon

Even if a successful federal bill emerged, questions exist about whether it would pre-empt state laws


California


California Safer Consumer ProductsRegulation

The heat may have affected California's Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC): They recently released a draft green chemistry regulation that regulates thousands of chemicals in hundreds of consumer products manufactured or sold in California.

DTSC has proposed to require any manufacturer making or selling a product in California to submit copious amounts of data on the chemicals in products and impose onerous alternatives assessment requirements for a majority of those chemicals

DTSC is mandated by law to establish green chemistry regulations by January 1, 2011.

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/PollutionPrevention/GreenChemistryInitiative/Proposed-Regulation.cfm






Scope

All Consumer Products placed into the stream of commerce in California, except

• Dangerous prescription drugs and devices

• Dental restorative materials

• Medical devices

• Packaging associated with dangerous prescription drugs and devices, dental restorative materials and medical devices

• Food

• Pesticides

• Mercury-containing lights (Mercury-containing lights are exempted only through December 31, 2011)

Consumer Product = Nearly Anything that Anybody Sells to Anybody Else, from floor wax to Boeing 787s


It’s Neither TSCA nor REACH

Chemical substances in “consumer products” must be identified

TSCA covers substances, not substances in products (yet)

It’s not REACH either

REACH has a minimal Alternatives Assessment requirement that only applies in the authorization phase

REACH focuses on allowing the sale of chemical substances

• It does not focus on products, though there are some article aspects to it

This could be considered the follow-on step to REACH


Proposed “No Later Than” Dates

Through November 1: Open Comment period on Draft Regulation

Jan 1, 2011: In force date

June 1, 2011: Proposed Initial Chemicals under Consideration (CuC) list

March 1, 2012: Final Chemicals under Consideration (CuC) list

July 1, 2012: Proposed Initial Priority Chemicals list

March 1, 2013: Proposed Initial Products under Consideration (PuC) list

Sept. 1, 2013: Proposed Initial Priority Products list

Dec. 1, 2013: Final Initial Priority Products list• Speculation: expect chemical intensive products with high exposure like shampoo

or cleaners to be on the initial list…


India RoHS/WEEE


General

Initial draft for Comment issued by Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF) on May 15, 2010

Final(?) Draft issued to WTO on Oct. 4, 2010

Public comment period through WTO ends Dec. 4

EU WEEE-like Producer Responsibility Requirements

RoHS-like Substance restrictions

In effect 3 years after promulgation

Scope is narrower than EU WEEE

IT and Telecommunications Equipment

• Same verbatim as EU WEEE Category 3

Consumer electrical and electronics

• Television sets (including LCD & LED), Refrigerator, Washing

• Machine, Air-conditioners


Not Exactly EU RoHS/WEEE

Responsibilities for each entity in the recycling chain are defined

Substance restriction limits are undefined!

Exemptions listed are not up-to-date with current EU list

Electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) definition is broader than EU RoHS:

Equipment which is dependent on electric currents or electro-magnetic fields to be fully functional including those used for the generation, transfer and measurement of such currents and fields falling under the categories set out in Schedule-I

No clause saying "designed for use with a

voltage rating not exceeding 1000 volts for alternating current and 1500 volts for direct current“

This may not be important for categories defined


Producer Responsibility

“Producer” defined similarly to EU – manufacturer or importer

Collect e-waste generated during manufacture as well as EOL

products

Disclose detailed information on hazardous constituents of the

equipment in the product information booklet

Finance and set up collection/take-back systems Either individually or collectively

Obtain authorization, maintain records, and file annual returns File an application within 60 days of promulgation

Label (different from EU)


Mexico & Costa Rica


Mexico: Energy Efficiency - I

Law for Sustainable Energy Use, published in the Official Newspaper of the Federation, November 28, 2008, article 23 states that

• The equipment listed in the catalogue will subject to an energy efficiency labeling requirement.

The implementation regulation for the Sustainable Energy Use Law published in the Official Newspaper of the Federation on September 11, 2009 established a Commission to develop the catalogue


Mexico: Energy Efficiency - II

Applies to manufacturers, distributors, importers, marketers

“Catalogue” contains a list of products which manufacturers, importers, distributors will have to include information, label, on power consumption

Label to include the following minimum information

The power consumption by unit of time in operation

Standby power consumption if applicable

The amount of service offered by the equipment or apparatus, by unit of consumed power, if applicable


Mexico: Energy Efficiency - III

“Catalogue” contains 186 items

• Examples include

• Desktop computer

• (Laptop) Portable computer (Notebook)

• Decoder of digital television (Set-top box)

• Portable hard disk

• External power supply (AC-DC)

• Electrical motor

• PLASMA television

• Video camera

• Domestic washing machine

http://www.cofemermir.gob.mx/uploadtests/13448.59.59.1.pref%20catalogo%20V2.doc

(Spanish only)

Published September 11 2010

• Stay tuned – requires development of test methods / standards (NOMS)

http://www.cofemermir.gob.mx/uploadtests/13448.59.59.1.pref catalogo V2.doc


















Mexico WEEE - I

General Law for the Prevention and Integral Management of Wastes

Enacted January 2004http://www.diputados.gob.mx/LeyesBiblio/pdf/263.pdf

Article 19

Special management waste is classified as follows, unless they are considered hazardous waste in this Act and the Official Rules for Mexico:

• Technological wastes from computer manufacturers

• electronic or motor vehicles that require specific management

• Others determined by the Secretariat in consultation with the states and municipalities

http://www.diputados.gob.mx/LeyesBiblio/pdf/263.pdf






Mexico WEEE - II

‘Technological waste” subject to special handling plan Examples

• Personal computers and their accessories

• Portable personal computers and their accessories

• Cellular telephones

• Monitors with cathode ray tubes (including televisions)

• LCD and shape (including televisions)

• Portable video and reproducers audio

• Cables for electronic equipment

• Multifunctional printers

• Photocopiers

Stay tuned Implementation measures (NOMS) TBD


Costa Rica WEEE - I

Regulation for the Integral Management of Electronic Residues

Decree 35933-S enacted May 5 2010 Scope ANNEX I Listing of Electronic equipment and devices (domestic and commercial use)

• Monitors and flat screen

• Portable and desktop computers and accessories

• Batteries of

o portable computers, cell phones, Uninterrupted Power Supplies

• Charger

• Scanner

• Cell phone

• Printer, Photocopier

• Digital camera

• Digital portable assistant (PDA)

• Equipment of multifunctional office (printing, copying and fax)

• Calculators

• Projector of transparencies (acetates), Slide projector

• Routers


Costa Rica WEEE - II

Producers must Finance the establishment of processes to take back covered Electronic

waste

• Individually or

• By joining units of fulfillment (collection schemes)

Report on the amount of EEE recovered

Meet published recovery goals

Provide public education

Stay tuned Projected Implementation date of August 2011

http://digeca.minae.go.cr/documentos/residuos%20solidos/Reglamento%20residuos%20Electronicos%20%20decreto%20N%2035933.pdf

http://digeca.minae.go.cr/documentos/residuos solidos/Reglamento residuos Electronicos decreto N 35933.pdf



















South America


Brazil WEEE


Brazil WEEE

MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT

CONAMA Draft Resolution July 27-28 2010

• Regulation of the management of the electric and electronic equipment residues (REEE)

Definition of EEE

• Equipment for domestic and commercial use

• Function is dependent upon electricity and electromagnetic

• fields

• Equipment for generation, transfer, and measurement

• I/O voltages less than 1000 VAC or 1500 VDC

• As identified in annex 1


Colombia


Colombia WEEE

Resolution 512

Scope Desktop Computers including

• CPU, Monitors, Keyboards

Laptop Computers including

• CPU, Display, Keyboards

Printers

Responsibilities Producer

• Establish a take back and disposal system before June 30 2011

• Fund the cost of take back and disposal

• Fund consumer education

• Meet collection targets

Document link:

http://www.minambiente.gov.co/documentos/normativa/ambiente/resolucion/res_1512_050810.pdf










Rare Earth Elements


Periodic Table of Elements


Rare Earth Factoids

Rare Earths are not Rare and they are not Earths They are widely distributed non-ferrous metals

Commercially viable concentrations are rare

North America has adequate sources of ore

Refining is difficult, US has lost leadership and IP

The US was self-sufficient through the 1980’s Last US refinery closed in 2002

US Domestic production today is zero

US continues to export raw ore from previously mined stockpiles

Rare Earths are key to “Green Technologies” Hybrid cars – Motors and battery packs

CFLs, LEDs, Wind turbines all rely on REEs

REEs are used in petroleum refining and automotive catalytic converters


Why are these important

They have important magnetic, electrical, chemical, optical, fluorescent, metallurgical and catalytic properties.

They are vital components in many new and environmentally friendly technologies. Supermagnets used in electric motors which can then be smaller, lighter, quieter, more

energy efficient

Wind turbines using REEs are more efficient, lighter (and therefore taller), and require lower maintenance

REEs are used in MRI scanners

LEDs, energy efficient light bulbs

Glass, ceramics, superalloys, aerospace

Consumer electronics such as MP3 players, monitors, hard disk drives, laptops and Cellphones

Hybrid cars typically consume 66 lbs of rare earths per car

REEs are also vital components in a number of defense applications including mine detection, missile guidance systems, lasers, radar, missile guidance systems, etc.


Reasons for Concern

World demand in 2010 is 134,000 Tons (estimated)

World Production in 2010 is 124,000 Tons

Shortfall is met with stockpiles of previously mined above ground stocks

Demand expected to exceed 180,000 Tons in 2012 rising to over 200,000 by 2014

Chinese production expected to rise to only 160,000. Enounced on Oct. they plan to reduce REE export by 30% in 2011.

The United States and most of the world is 100% dependent upon China, existing stockpiles, and recycling for supply (95% of the world supply).

In July 2010 China announces they will cut export quota by 72%

By 2012 China’s internal demand will exceed their production


Future Demand


W/W Activities

Companies W/W are getting active: Old mines are re-opened and new ones are developed.

USA: RESTART (Rare Earths Supply-Chain Technology and Resources Transformation) Act: Ensure the reintroduction of a competitive domestic rare earth supply chain by all necessary measures (by government loans; training workforce; research, etc.).


Summary

Green technologies will continue to create demand

Chinese exports will continue to dwindle

Demand will exceed supply for 3 to 5 years as new sources are developed

Rare Earths are not Rare

Adequate deposits exist in North America, Southeast Asia, South Africa and Australia

Mining and refining are difficult and capital intensive

US Molycorp is re-opening Mountain Pass mine in California

This may bring short term relief

Significant efforts underway in Canada to begin mining deposits in Quebec

Additional efforts underway in Australia, Vietnam, South Africa, Malaysia, Brazil and other countries to increase supply (much of it Chinese funded)


Thanks!!


RoHS Exemptions

• 30 Cadmium alloys as electrical/mechanical solder joints to electrical conductors located directly on the voice coil in transducers used in high-powered loudspeakers with sound

• 31 Lead in soldering materials in mercury free flat fluorescent lamps (which e.g. are used for liquid crystal displays, design or industrial lighting)

• 32 Lead oxide in seal frit used for making window assemblies for Argon and Krypton laser tubes

iltam green directives workgroup - incoseil

Documents