Illustration & Photography- Ch 9

Creating Graphics Illustration- using images that represent or

express to make a visual statement Can show something that cannot be

photographed Purpose- present product, tell story, clarify

concept, or demonstrate a service.

Basic Types of Graphic Creation Programs Drawing- Vector programs

Illustrator- draws object… no layers Paint- Bitmap programs

Photoshop- working in pixels and layers

.bmp .jpeg .gif .pic .tif

What is a Pixel?

Building Blocks # of pixels and color determine image

quality, size and the look of the image Cannot delete a pixel, just change its color More pixels, larger file size… so eliminate

unnecessary pixels # of pixels per inch determine resolution,

the key to image quality

Pros/Cons of Bitmap images

Most appropriate for photo-realistic images and complex drawings

Large file size, inability to resize or scale without effort and loss of quality

Bit-depth determines # of colors that can be displayed by individual pixel

Can grab from screen, scan it, download or capture it

Can manipulate it, adjust it, cut and paste it

Pros/Cons of Vector images

Most appropriate for shapes (mathematically expressed)

Can be filled with color and patterns Use a fraction of the file space as bitmaps For web, downloads faster Most programs can export vector to bitmap Vector images require a plug-in to display on the

web (Flash) Can not be used for photo-realistic images

Bitmap-based applicationEvery image made up of a series of dots

called pixels Wide range of tools to adjust and correct

color, contrast and dynamic range Powerful type handling tools Capable of handling web-based graphics

Photoshop: An Overview

File Formats

.PSD: Photoshop DocumentNative Photoshop format,Preserves layersAccess to all tools

and commands

File Formats .TIF: Tagged Image File Format

Any resolution, grayscale or color Generally used for graphics files to be printed

.EPS: Encapsulated Postscript Specialized format for bitmap or vector graphics

.JPG: Joint Photographic Experts Group Compressed image format Often used for complex photographic images

.GIF: Graphics Interchange Format Used specifically for the Web

Basic Graphic Design Issues

Aspect Ratio Scanning and Essential Area- Over scan Information Density

Watch for information overloadTry not to crowd too much info into one space

Basic Graphic Design Issues cont.

ReadabilityKeep all words in essential areaChoose fonts with bold and clean contourLimit information amount (do a new page)Format lettering into easily perceived

blocks( avoid scattering)

Basic Graphic Design Issues cont.

ColorAttributes- Hue…Saturation…BrightnessGrey-scaleCompatible ColorAesthetics of color

Style

Basic Graphic Design Issues cont.

Text

Block Text Attributes Bold, Italic, Underline Size in points Leading space between lines Kerning space between letters Alignment

Basic Graphic Design Issues cont.

Text

Other Font StylesEmbossShadow

Basic Graphic Design Issues cont.

Text

Legible Text Size Color (text and background) Leading Style Serif fonts (used for text) San Serif fonts (used for headings)

Basic Graphic Design Issues cont.

Choosing a font type and text

Smaller font, less decorative Limit different fonts on project Vary size to importance Pick fonts that fit message Use meaningful word for link or menu Top fold principle Use recognized operating system fonts

Digital Cameras and Scanning

Choosing the Best Resolution? Input and Output

How distribute? 72 for web, 100-300 for printing

Formula for resolution- x 1.5 or 2

Digital Cameras and Scanning

What is a Mega-pixel?

Still taking at 72 dpi Gets higher resolution be taking larger

pictures

Impact of Photography

Not capturing realityFact that camera is there can change thingsEditing and Manipulating

Criteria for Good Photo Design

Same as before Eye and the Mind (Heart) Concept Design Element of Communication Output Quality of the Photo