Principles and Elements of Design

Review

Fashion Illustration• Croquis - A fashion illustration of a body that

can be duplicated to use for designing.

• Fashion figures - taller and thinner than the average real person.

• Proportion – the relationship of a part to

the whole. 3/5 is the “golden ratio”.

• Silhouette – the shape of one’s body

or a garment.

Ideal Silhouette

• The perfect shape!

• The ideal body is

said to be 8 heads tall

with 7/8 of it below the

head.

• Standards of beauty

change over time.

Body Types

• Figure – a term used for the shape of a woman’s body

• Physique – a term used for the shape of a man’s body

Illusion

Visually appearing different from what something really is!

• One can create an illusion by

• applying the principles and

• elements of design.

Principles & Elements of Design

Principles ElementsBalance Color

Proportion Line

Rhythm Form

Emphasis Texture

Design- the arrangement of details in a garment

• Proportion - a principle of design that concerns the spatial (size) relationship of all parts in a design to each other and the whole

• Rhythm – repetition throughout a design using line, shape, color, texture or pattern

• Harmony - pleasing visual unity of a design created by a tasteful relationship among all parts within the whole.

• Emphasis - principle of design that uses a concentration of interest in a particular part or area of a design.

• Balance - the principle of design that implies equilibrium or steadiness

• Texture - an element of design concerned with the tactile quality of goods, or how the surface feels and looks

Line

• Gives direction

• Divides the body into areas

Form

• 3-dimensional shape

ColorHue is another name for color.Color Schemes:• Monochromatic – one color can be tints and shades• Analogous – colors next to each other on the color wheel• Complementary – colors opposite each other on the color wheel• Split Complementary – a color and two colors on either side of its compliment• Triad – three colors, equal distant from each other on the color wheel• Accented neutral – a neutral with a pop of color

Primary Colors

Secondary Colors

Intermediate Colors“Tertiary”

• Blue-violet

• Blue-green

• Yellow-green

• Yellow-orange

• Red-orange

• Red-violet

Neutrals

• Black

• Grey

• Beige

• Tan

• White

Color continued• A tint is lighter than a pure hue. Add white.

• A shade is darker than a pure hue. Add black.

• Light colors tend to make things look larger.

• Dark colors tend to be slimming.

Texture The look and feel of fabrics

1. Structural

fibers, fabrication methods, finish, hang

2. Printed

overall design or emphasis elements

Rhythm

• Repetition – a repeated shape1. Regular = consistent

2. Irregular = random

• Gradation – repetition is

altered in one area in

a consistent manner

• Radiation - line or shape radiates

from a center point

Proportion

• The relationship of all parts

in a design to each other

and to the whole.

• The most pleasing proportion

is 3/5 - the Golden Ratio.

• Horizontal relationship

Emphasis

• Principle of design that uses a concentration of interest

in a particular part or area of a design.

*Focal Point

The most important visual element dominates over all .

Wardrobe

• The clothes and accessories a person has

When planning a wardrobe, consider:• Lifestyle• Personality• Physical attributes• Climate• Social standards

Wardrobe Planning

• Inventory your clothing

• Evaluate each piece

• Plan for what you need to shop for– Use a personal wardrobe consultant, if you wish

• Organize your closet

• Care for and protect your clothes

Harmony

• Pleasing visual unity of a design created by a tasteful relationship among all parts within the whole.

BalanceImplies equilibrium or steadiness

• Vertical

1.Formal = symmetrical

Both sides are the same.

2.Informal = asymmetrical

Both sides are different,

but still balanced.