Illegal DrugsIllegal Drugs

Chapter 26Chapter 26

Medicine MisuseMedicine Misuse

• Intentionally or unintentionally using Intentionally or unintentionally using ““medicinemedicine,” over the counter or ,” over the counter or prescribed, in ways other than their prescribed, in ways other than their intended use.intended use.

•Rx = prescriptionRx = prescription

•Over the Counter = non-prescriptionOver the Counter = non-prescription

•Drug Misuse: improper use of Drug Misuse: improper use of medicine.medicine.

Drug TermsDrug Terms•Substance (Drug) Abuse: Improper or Substance (Drug) Abuse: Improper or

unnecessary use of chemical substances unnecessary use of chemical substances for non-medical purposesfor non-medical purposes

• Illegal Drugs: substances against the law Illegal Drugs: substances against the law for anyone to use, sell buy or possessfor anyone to use, sell buy or possess

•Synthetic Drugs: Chemical drugs Synthetic Drugs: Chemical drugs artificially made in a laboratoryartificially made in a laboratory

• Illicit Drug Use: use or sale of any illegal Illicit Drug Use: use or sale of any illegal substance or drugsubstance or drug

The Reward PathwayThe Reward Pathway

•Pleasure in the brain releases Pleasure in the brain releases dopamine, a natural chemical.dopamine, a natural chemical.

•Too much dopamine release Too much dopamine release caused by drug abuse can lead caused by drug abuse can lead to addiction, lack of energy and to addiction, lack of energy and inability to become excited inability to become excited without the drug.without the drug.

Drug TermsDrug Terms•Gateway Drugs: drugs which often lead to use Gateway Drugs: drugs which often lead to use

of other serious drugs, i.e. marijuana and of other serious drugs, i.e. marijuana and alcoholalcohol

•Side Effects: negative physiological or Side Effects: negative physiological or psychological effects resulting from drug use.psychological effects resulting from drug use.

•Synergistic Effects: When two or more drugs Synergistic Effects: When two or more drugs are used in conjunction with each other are used in conjunction with each other causing enhanced and more dangerous causing enhanced and more dangerous effectseffects

Drug TermsDrug Terms•Antagonistic Effect: Each drugs Antagonistic Effect: Each drugs

effect cancelled our or reduced effect cancelled our or reduced in intensity.in intensity.

•Drug Dependency: The body Drug Dependency: The body developing a dependency on the developing a dependency on the drug.drug.

•Psychological Dependence: users Psychological Dependence: users thinking they “need” the drugthinking they “need” the drug

The Harsh FactsThe Harsh Facts•The more you use drugs the more you The more you use drugs the more you

build up a tolerance.build up a tolerance.

•Drug use and abuse can affect all of these..Drug use and abuse can affect all of these..– Personal lifePersonal life– Cost to OthersCost to Others– PregnancyPregnancy– Financial StabilityFinancial Stability– Crime StatisticsCrime Statistics

The Harsh FactsThe Harsh Facts

• Peer pressure is the primary cause for Peer pressure is the primary cause for adolescent drug useadolescent drug use

• Drug Free School Zone: area within 1,000 Drug Free School Zone: area within 1,000 ft. of a school. If you are caught selling ft. of a school. If you are caught selling drugs, the penalty is much higher.drugs, the penalty is much higher.

• What drugs can do to your physical What drugs can do to your physical appearance: appearance: http://www.drugfree.org/Portal/DrugIssue/http://www.drugfree.org/Portal/DrugIssue/MethResources/faces/index.htmlMethResources/faces/index.html

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wwu7L38glchttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wwu7L38glcQQ

More info.More info.

http://www.drugfree.org/General/http://www.drugfree.org/General/Articles/Article.aspx?id=6e2a1230-Articles/Article.aspx?id=6e2a1230-8fef-4e8d-8b1c-8fef-4e8d-8b1c-883589a9548f&IsPreviewMode=true883589a9548f&IsPreviewMode=true&UVer=f29e4571-96d6-4528-98ff-&UVer=f29e4571-96d6-4528-98ff-08c58a5a98f208c58a5a98f2

http://www.youtube.com/watch?http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SBhmTLzi9PUv=SBhmTLzi9PU

Psychoactive DrugsPsychoactive Drugs•Affect the central nervous system and Affect the central nervous system and

interfere with the normal functioning of interfere with the normal functioning of the brain.the brain.

•Types of Psychoactive DrugsTypes of Psychoactive Drugs– StimulantsStimulants– DepressantsDepressants– NarcoticsNarcotics– HallucinogensHallucinogens– Club DrugsClub Drugs

StimulantsStimulants

•Drugs that speed up the Central Drugs that speed up the Central Nervous SystemNervous System

•CocaineCocaine•AmphetaminesAmphetamines•MethamphetaminesMethamphetamines•CaffeineCaffeine•NicotineNicotine

StimulantsStimulants

•EffectsEffects– Increased HRIncreased HR– HeadachesHeadaches– SweatingSweating– DizzinessDizziness– SleeplessnessSleeplessness– Paranoia: suspicion of othersParanoia: suspicion of others

AmphetaminesAmphetamines

• Stimulant that affects the CNSStimulant that affects the CNS

• Causes Euphoric feeling, followed by Causes Euphoric feeling, followed by a crash, causing a person to want to a crash, causing a person to want to do it over and overdo it over and over

• Easy tolerance and high addictionEasy tolerance and high addiction

MethamphetaminesMethamphetamines

• Used medically, but if abused, can Used medically, but if abused, can cause paranoia and violence. cause paranoia and violence.

• Usually smoked or snortedUsually smoked or snorted

• Speed and ice are examplesSpeed and ice are examples

CocaineCocaine

• A white powder made from coca bush. A white powder made from coca bush.

• SnortedSnorted

• Highly addictiveHighly addictive

• Creates a false sense of confidenceCreates a false sense of confidence

• Causes weight loss, depression, edginess Causes weight loss, depression, edginess and deterioration of the septumand deterioration of the septum

• Can lead to heart attack, even on first tryCan lead to heart attack, even on first try

CrackCrack

• A form of cocaine that can be smokedA form of cocaine that can be smoked

• Cheaper and more widely available, Cheaper and more widely available, making it a bigger problemmaking it a bigger problem

• Negative effectsNegative effects– Sore throatSore throat– Lung cancerLung cancer– Heart attacksHeart attacks

DepressantsDepressants•Sedatives or drugs that slow down the CNSSedatives or drugs that slow down the CNS•Users prefer to relax and ease tensionUsers prefer to relax and ease tension•Barbiturates, Tranquilizers and Barbiturates, Tranquilizers and

Methaqualone are examplesMethaqualone are examples•Negative EffectsNegative Effects

– Highly addictiveHighly addictive– ConvulsionsConvulsions– DizzinessDizziness– NervousnessNervousness– DeathDeath

Narcotics/OpiatesNarcotics/Opiates•Drugs derived from the opium/poppy seed Drugs derived from the opium/poppy seed

plant to produce a sedative effectplant to produce a sedative effect

•Examples are morphine, codeine and heroinExamples are morphine, codeine and heroin

•Negative effectsNegative effects– Highly addictiveHighly addictive– ComaComa– DeathDeath– STD’s from heroin needle useSTD’s from heroin needle use

HallucinogensHallucinogens• Drugs that alter mood, thoughts and sense of Drugs that alter mood, thoughts and sense of

perception, including vision, hearing, smell and perception, including vision, hearing, smell and touch. You hallucinate.touch. You hallucinate.

• Examples are PCP, LSD, Marijuana and MescalineExamples are PCP, LSD, Marijuana and Mescaline• Negative EffectsNegative Effects

– Impaired muscle coordinationImpaired muscle coordination– Violent behaviorViolent behavior– PanicPanic– AnxietyAnxiety– SuicideSuicide– deathdeath

MarijuanaMarijuana

• What do you know?What do you know?

• http://www.theantidrug.com/http://www.theantidrug.com/drug_info/drug-info-truth-about-drug_info/drug-info-truth-about-marijuana.aspmarijuana.asp

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rVLhP9CVyTw&feature=relatedv=rVLhP9CVyTw&feature=related

SteroidsSteroids

• Used to enhance physical Used to enhance physical performanceperformance

• Negative EffectsNegative Effects– Violent behaviorViolent behavior– Irrational behaviorIrrational behavior– Shrunken testesShrunken testes– Masculinity in femalesMasculinity in females– Liver and other cancersLiver and other cancers