ii.the human immune system

7/23/2019 II.the Human Immune System

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The Human Immune System

Video
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J6akNYlkehYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J6akNYlkehY


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What is the immune system?

The bodys defense against disease causing

organisms, malfunctioning cells, and

foreign particles


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Now, the pieces come together

Immune System

Nonspecific !esponse Specific !esponse

"omplement System

Inflammatory !esponse

Interferon !esponse

#ntibody $ediated !esponse "ell $ediated !esponse

%e&er !esponse


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'()*+)'

RESPONS IMUN

ALAMIAH ADAPTIF

HUMORAL HUMORALSELULAR SELULAR

KOMPLEMEN FAGOSIT ANTIBODI SITOTOKSIK


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Defense Against Disease

If these barriers are penetrated,the body responds with

If the innate immune response is insucient,the body responds with

Adaptive Immune Response

cell-mediated immunity, humoral immunity

Nonspecific External Barriers

skin, mucous membranes

Innate Immune Responsephagocytic and natural killer cells,

inammation, fever


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7

Innate Immunity Adaptive Immunity(acquired)

Humoral immunity & CellMediated Immunity


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8

Comparison of Innate Immunity toAdaptive Immunity

Parham, P.


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NON SPECIFIC SPECIFIC

#-#$I#H .I.#/#T

INN#T0 #"12I!0. ) #.#/TIV0

%I!ST -IN0 .0%0NS0 3S0"4N. -IN0 .0%0NS0

THI!. -IN0 .0%0NS0

#"TIV0 I$$2NIT5 /#SSIV0 I$$2NIT5


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10

!herelationship

"et#een innate& adaptive

Immuneresponses$

p. %%


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-eu6ocytes

7White 8lood "ells9

lymphocytes4ther Types of

W8"

0osinophils $acrophagesT cells N: "ells8 "ells

White Blood Cells


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Originate in bone marrow from lymphoid stem cells

B cellsstay in bone marrow, hence B cellsT cellsmature in thymus, hence T cells

These divide rapidly into families

Each has surface receptors

able to recognize one

unique type of antigen=immunocompetence

!

.e&elopment of lymphocytes


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"


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The %irst -ine of .efense

;S6in; The dead, outer layer

of s6in, 6no


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#s you breathe in,foreign particles and

bacteria bump into

mucusthroughout yourrespiratory system and

become stuc6

Hairli6e structures

called cilias


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The %irst -ine of .efense

;Sali&a;

Whats the first thing you do


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S


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Thin6 of the human body as a

hollo< plastic tube@

The food is digested


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0scherichia coli

is common and plentiful in all of our

digesti&e tractsA Why are


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The Second -ine of .efense

;White 8lood "ells;

If in&aders actuallyget #i"$i%the body,then your


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These


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Viruses

'irusesenter body cells, hiCac6 their organelles, and turnthe cell into a &irus ma6ingfactoryA The cell


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Virusinfected bodycells release

i%"er(er!% chemicalthat i%"er(eres


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White 8lood "ells

;T"ells; T"ells, often called

Dnatural 6illerE cells,

recogniFe infected humancells and cancer cells

Tcells


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InCured body cells releasechemicals called

$is"ami%es,


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T


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The other half of the immune system iscalled antibodymediated immunity,

meaning that is controlled by antibodies This represents the third line of defense in

the immune system

T


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$ost infections ne&er ma6e itpast the first and second le&elsof defense

Those that do trigger theproduction and release ofa%"i+!dies

/roteins that latch onto, damage,clump, and slo< foreign particles

0ach antibody binds only to onespecific binding site, 6no


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#ntibody /roduction

W8"s gobble up in&adingparticles and brea6 them up

They sho< the particlepieces to Tcells,


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Immunity

Ne< particles ta6e longer

to identify, and a person

remains ill until a ne


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What is immunity?

!esistance to a disease causing organism or

harmful substance

T


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#cti&e Immunity

-!uproduce the antibodies

5our body has been eKposed to the antigen in

the past either through 0Kposure to the actual disease causing antigen >

5ou fought it, you


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Vaccine

#ntigens are deliberately introduced into theimmune system to produce immunity

8ecause the bacteria has been 6illed or


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Ho< long does acti&e immunity

last? It depends on the antigen Some diseasecausing

bacteria multiply into ne

ii.the human immune system

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