11.the human immune system

Upload: adli-adlan-zuhan

Post on 06-Jul-2018

218 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    1/32

    STE 3510STE 3510

    BASIC ANATOMY ANDBASIC ANATOMY AND

    PHYSIOLOGYPHYSIOLOGYPrepared by :

    Farah Nab!ah B"#

     $%har&1'()*)+S# Far,- B"# Ma".%r&1'*/10+

    Le#,re Nae:

    She2h aar,dd" She2hAhad

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    2/32

     The H,a" I,"e The H,a" I,"e

    Sy.#eSy.#e

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    3/32

    4ha# . #he ,"e4ha# . #he ,"e

    .y.#e.y.#e The b%dy6. de7e".e a8a".#d.ea.e a,."8 %r8a"..9

    a!7,"#%""8 e!!.9 a"d 7%re8"

    par#!e.

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    4/32

     The ,"e .y.#e The ,"e .y.#e

    Innate (nonspesifc) deense

    mechanisms

    Adaptive

    (specifc) deensemechanisms

    First line odeense

    Second line odeense

    Third line odeense

    • S2"   • Pha8%y# e!!.   • Lyph%#

    • M,%,.ebra"e.

    • Na#,ra! 2!!er e!!.   • A"#b%de.

    • Sere#%". %7 .2"a"d ,%,.ebra"e.

    • A"#r%ba!pr%#e"

    • Mar%pha8e. a"d%#her a"#8e"pre.e"#"8 e!!.

     The ";aa#%ryre.p%".e

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    5/32

    4ha# . "%".pe

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    6/32

     The Fr.# L"e %7 De7e".e The Fr.# L"e %7 De7e".e

     The b%dy . pr%#e#ed 7r%pa#h%8e". by #he .2" a"d

    ,%,. ebra"e.Skin  dead e!!,!ar !ayer dry9!%> pHMucous membranes %"#a"!y.%-ye. &e"-ye. >hh

    brea2 d%>" ba#era+

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    7/32

    Tears, mucus, saliva - "%.e9 %,#h a"deye. are %b?%,. e"#ry p%"#. 7%r pa#h%8e".

    H%>e?er9 #ear.9 ,,. a"d .a!?a %"#a" a"e"-ye #ha# brea2. d%>" #he e!! >a!! %7a"y ba#era Th%.e #ha# are "%# 2!!ed

    eda#e!y are #rapped " ,,. a"d.>a!!%>ed

    Mucus and cilia A. y%, brea#he "9 7%re8"

    par#!e. a"d ba#era b,p "#% ,,.#hr%,8h%,# y%,r re.pra#%ry .y.#e a"dbe%e .#,2

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    8/32

    Har!2e .#r,#,re. a!!ed !a.>eep #h. ,,. "#% #he

    #hr%a# 7%r %,8h"8 %r.>a!!%>"8

    O#her e!!. %"#a" !a >hh

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    9/32

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    10/32

    S>a!!%>ed ba#era arebr%2e" d%>" by

    "redb!y .#r%"8 ad." #he .#%ah #ha#brea2 d%>" y%,r 7%%d

     The .#%ah ,.#

    pr%d,e a %a#"8 %7.pea! ,,. %r #h.ad >%,!d ea# #hr%,8h#he .#%ah

    The First Line of Defense

    ~Stomach Acid~

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    11/32

     The Se%"d L"e %7 The Se%"d L"e %7

    De7e".eDe7e".e The .e%"d !"e %7 de7e"e . a8r%,p %7 e!!.9 #..,e. a"d %r8a".

    #ha# >%r2 #%8e#her #% pr%#e# #he

    b%dy

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    12/32

    e e%" "e %e e%" "e %De7e".eDe7e".e

    4h#e B!%%d Ce!!.4h#e B!%%d Ce!!.I7 "?ader. a#,a!!y

    8e# ithin #he b%dy9#he" y%,r >h#eb!%%d e!!. be8"#her a##a24h#e b!%%d e!!.

    "%ra!!y r,!a#e

    #hr%,8h%,# #heb!%%d9 b,# >!! e"#er#he b%dy6. #..,e. 7"?ader. are

    de#e#ed

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    13/32

     The.e >h#e b!%%d e!!. arere.p%".b!e 7%r ea#"8 7%re8"

    par#!e. by e"8,!

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    14/32

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    15/32

    A"#Mr%ba!A"#Mr%ba!I"#er7er%"I"#er7er%"

    r,."7e#ed b%dy e!!.

    re!ea.e intereron >he"a" "?a.%" %,r.

    I"#er7er%" hea! #ha#

    interere. >#h #he ab!#y#% ?r,.e. #% a##a2 %#herb%dy e!!.

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    16/32

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    17/32

    Na#,ra! !!erNa#,ra! !!er

    TCe!!.TCe!!. TCe!!.9 %7#e" a!!ed

    "a#,ra! 2!!er e!!.9re%8"-e "7e#edh,a" e!!. a"d a"ere!!.

     Te!!. >!! a##a2 #he.e"7e#ed e!!.9 ,2!y2!! #he9 a"d #he"%"#",e #% .earh 7%r%re e!!. #% 2!!

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    18/32

     The Se%"d L"e %7 De7e".e The Se%"d L"e %7 De7e".e

    The I";aa#%ry e.p%".eThe I";aa#%ry e.p%".e

    I",red b%dy e!!. re!ea.e hea!.a!!ed histamines9 >hh be8"

    in!ammator" response Cap!!are. d!a#e

    Pyr%8e". re!ea.ed9 reah

    hyp%#ha!a,.9 a"d #epera#,re r.e. Pa" reep#%r. a#?a#e

    4BC. ;%2 #% "7e#ed area !2e.har2. #% b!%%d

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    19/32

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    20/32

     T>% D?.%". %7 #he I,"e T>% D?.%". %7 #he I,"e

    Sy.#eSy.#e The eJ%r#. %7 #he 4BC. 2"%>" a.

    pha8%y#e. a"d Te!!. . a!!ed

    #he cell-mediated immune

    s"stem# Pr%#e#?e 7a#%r K !?"8 e!!.

    Pha8%y#e. ea# "?ader.

     Te!!. 2!! "?ader.

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    21/32

     T>% D?.%". %7 #he I,"e T>% D?.%". %7 #he I,"e

    Sy.#eSy.#e The %#her ha!7 %7 #he ,"e

    .y.#e . a!!ed a"#b%dy

    eda#ed ,"#y9 ea""8

    #ha# . %"#r%!!ed by a"#b%de. Th. repre.e"#. #he #hrd !"e %7

    de7e".e " #he ,"e .y.#e

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    22/32

     The Thrd L"e %7 De7e".e The Thrd L"e %7 De7e".eA"#b%de.A"#b%de.

    M%.# "7e#%". "e?er a2e # pa.# #he 7%re8" par#!e.

    Eah a"#b%dy b"d. %"!y #% %"e

    .pe

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    23/32

    A"#b%dy Pr%d,#%"A"#b%dy Pr%d,#%"

    4BC. 8%bb!e ,p "?ad"8par#!e. a"d brea2 #he,p

     They .h%> #he par#!e

    pee. #% Te!!.9 >h%de"#7y #he pee. a"d

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    24/32

    I,"#yI,"#y

    Ne> par#!e. #a2e !%"8er #%de"#7y9 a"d a per.%" rea". !!

    ,"#! a "e> a"#b%dy a" be ra7#ed O!d par#!e. are ,2!yre%8"-ed9 a"d a per.%" ay

    "e?er be%e !! 7r% #ha# "?adera8a" Th. per.%" . "%> ,"e

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    25/32

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    26/32

    4ha# . ,"#y4ha# . ,"#y

    e..#a"e #% a d.ea.e a,."8%r8a". %r har7,! .,b.#a"e

     T>% #ype.

    A#?e I,"#y Pa..?e I,"#y

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    27/32

    A#?e I,"#yA#?e I,"#y

     H,a" pr%d,e #he a"#b%de. Y%,r b%dy ha. bee" e@p%.ed #% #hea"#8e" " #he pa.# e#her #hr%,8h:

    E@p%.,re #% #he a#,a! d.ea.ea,."8 a"#8e" Y%, 7%,8h# #9 y%,>%"9 y%, reeber #

    P!a""ed e@p%.,re #% a 7%r %7 #he

    a"#8e" #ha# ha. bee" 2!!ed %r>ea2e"ed Y%, de#e#ed #9e!"a#ed #9 a"d reeber #

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    28/32

    a"ea"eA"#8e". are de!bera#e!y "#r%d,ed "#%

    #he ,"e .y.#e #% pr%d,e ,"#yBea,.e #he ba#era ha. bee" 2!!ed %r

    >ea2e"ed9 "a! .yp#%. %,rHa?e erada#ed %r .e?ere!y !#ed

    .e?era! d.ea.e. 7r% #he 7ae %7 #heEar#h9 .,h a. p%!% a"d .a!!p%@

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    29/32

    H%> !%"8 d%e. a#?eH%> !%"8 d%e. a#?e

    ,"#y !a.#,"#y !a.#I# depe"d. %" #he a"#8e"S%e d.ea.ea,."8

    ba#era ,!#p!y "#% "e>7%r. #ha# %,r b%dy d%e."6#

    re%8"-e9 re,r"8 a"",a!?a"a#%".9 !2e #he ;,.h%#B%%.#er .h%# re"d. #he

    ,"e .y.#e %7 #hea"#8e"O#her. !a.# 7%r a !7e#e9

    .,h a. h2e" p%@

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    30/32

    Pa..?e I,"#yPa..?e I,"#y

     The a"#b%de. d% "%# pr%d,e byb%dy◦ A %#her >!! pa.. ,"#e. %" #%

    her baby d,r"8 pre8"a"y #hr%,8h>ha# %r8a"

    ◦ The.e a"#b%de. >!! pr%#e# #he baby7%r a .h%r# per%d %7 #e 7%!!%>"8

    br#h >h!e #. ,"e .y.#ede?e!%p. 4ha# e"d%r"e 8!a"d .re.p%".b!e 7%r #h.

    La.#. ,"#! a"#b%de. de

    Thymus

    Placenta

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    31/32

    I,"e D.%rder.I,"e D.%rder.A!!er8e.A!!er8e.

    I,"e .y.#e .#a2e"!yre%8"-e. har!e.. 7%re8" par#!e.a. .er%,. #hrea#.

    La,"he. ,"e re.p%".e9 >hha,.e. ."ee-"89 r,""y "%.e9 a"d>a#ery eye.

    A"#h.#a"e. b!%2 eJe# %7h.#a"e. a"d br"8 re!e7 #% a!!er8y.,Jerer.

  • 8/17/2019 11.the Human Immune System

    32/32

     Tha"2 y%, 7%r y%,r a##e"#%"