ife level 2 certificate in fire science, operations and safety · module 11 hydraulics 2 84 module...

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Fire Risk Consultancy Limited, Cade House, High Street, Molesworth, Huntingdon, PE28 0QF

www.frconline.co.uk [email protected]

IFE Level 2 Certificate in Fire

Science, Operations and Safety

Sample copy not for distribution

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We would wish to thank all the organisations that provided course material for their permission in using this material of their products and other specialist in their field for their assistance in producing the content for the course

David Ware has more than 30 years’ experience in Fire Safety and has focussed his knowledge and experience in producing the content for this course. He has a First-Class honours degree in Fire Engineering and is a Fellow of the Institute of Fire Engineers.

This course has been designed to enable individuals to demonstrate a wide range of critical knowledge and understanding relevant to the role of firefighter. Success in the qualification will enable individuals to demonstrate that they can apply their knowledge and skills to provide solutions in diverse fire and rescue situations.

Acknowledgements

Author

Aim of Course


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This workbook has been produced to supplement the online course “Level 2 Certificate in Fire Science, Operations and Safety”. The workbook is broken down into several modules. The candidate simply works through the modules whilst watching the online course. This should result in a larger number of delegates applying for membership of the IFE.

The candidates will each be given an individual log in with an individual password. They will have access to complete all the core modules and the other selected modules. There are several self-assessment tests at the end of each module to confirm understanding. On completion of the course the delegates will be able to apply to sit the “IFE Level 2 Certificate in Fire Science, Operations and Safety”

Further information

If you require any further information, please contact us

www.frconline.co.uk

[email protected]

Tel 01832 710770

Introduction

Assessment


http://www.frconline.co.uk/

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Page

Section 1: Fire Engineering Science

Module 1 Mathematics 7

Module 2 Area and volumes 10

Module 3 Capacity of hose and lines 29

Module 4 Physical properties of matter 33

Module 5 Mechanics 42

Module 6 Water power 52

Module 7 Heat and Temperature 65

Module 8 Heat 2 67

Module 9 Heat 3 72

Module 10 Hydraulics 81

Module 11 Hydraulics 2 84

Module 12 Chemistry 88

Module 13 Fire growth and development 89

Module 14 Firefighting foam 89

Module 15 Electricity 90

Module 16 Electricity 2 98

Module 17 End of section exam 102

Contents


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Section 2: Fire and Rescue Operations

Module 18 Pre planning and incident command 107

Module 19 Topography 108

Module 20 Method of search 110

Module 21 Room fires 110

Module 22 Identifying risks 111

Module 23 Water supplies 112

Module 24 Appliances and equipment 113

Module 25 Design and use of delivery hose 114

Module 26 Type and use of foam 115

Module 27 End of section test 116


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Section 3 Fire Safety

Module 28 Elements of construction 122

Module 29 Elements of structure 123

Module 30 Fixed installations 124

Module 31 Water spray 125

Module 32 Fire alarms 126

Module 33 Fire Safety Practice 127

Module 34 End of section test 128

Module 35 Mock examination 13


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Aim

This module will give you a greater understanding of the principles of Fire Engineering Science.

It will look at mathematics, the physical properties of matter and mechanics. Then we will

discuss heat, hydraulics and chemistry. Finally, we will look at electricity.

Module 1 Mathematics

.

Section 1: Fire Engineering Science


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Exercise 1

Determine the following

2362.185.345.1717

Exercise 2


2

38

28

466

2

Exercise 3


2

2

5.2486

Exercise 4


15

37

5

45

3

18

Exercise 5


8

15

4

16

12

35

6

18

6

12

Exercise 6


32 5.24


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Exercise 7


223

83

6

4

1

Exercise 8

Express this in the form of 10-2

430000000003.0

Exercise 9

Express this in the form of 10-2

3569000000

Exercise 10


24 103.61055.4

Exercise 11


33 103.21022.1

Exercise 12


23 104.31044.8


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Exercise 13


42 1035.2103.4

Exercise 14


23 103.2/104.5

Exercise 15


24 102.2/103.12

Exercise 16


53 101.8101.8

Module 2 Areas and volumes

Exercise 17

Determine the area of the following?


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Exercise 18


Exercise 19


Exercise 20



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Exercise 21


Exercise 22


Exercise 23



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Exercise 24


Exercise 25


Exercise 26



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Exercise 27


Exercise 28


Exercise 29



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Exercise 30


Exercise 31


Exercise 32



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Exercise 33


Exercise 34


Exercise 35



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Exercise 36


Exercise 37


Exercise 38



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Exercise 39


Exercise 40


Exercise 41



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Exercise 42


Exercise 43


Exercise 44



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Exercise 45


Exercise 46


Exercise 47



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Exercise 48


Exercise 49


Exercise 50



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Exercise 51


Exercise 52


Exercise 53

Determine the volume of the following?


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Exercise 54


Exercise 55


Exercise 56



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Exercise 57

Determine the surface area of a sphere with a radius of 5.5cm?

Exercise 58

Determine the surface area of a sphere with a radius of 2.1cm?

Exercise 59

Determine the volume of a sphere with a radius of 1.5m?


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Exercise 60


Exercise 61


Exercise 62

Determine the surface area of a cube with a side of 7.1m?


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Exercise 63

Determine the surface area of a cube with a side of 83m?

Exercise 64


Exercise 65



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Exercise 66


Exercise 67


Exercise 68



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Exercise 69


Exercise 70

Determine the area of the following irregular shape?


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Module 3 Capacities of hoses and pipelines

Exercise 71

Determine the capacity of 1m of a hose with a diameter of 25mm?

Exercise 72

Determine the capacity of 2m of a firefighter hose with a diameter of 45mm?

?

Exercise 73


Exercise 74


Exercise 75

Determine the capacity of 12.5m of a firefighter hose with a diameter of 12.5mm?

?


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Exercise 76

Determine the capacity of 100m of a pipeline with a diameter of 150mm?

Exercise 77

Determine the capacity of 1.2km of pipeline with a diameter of 2.2m?

Exercise 78

Determine the capacity of 8km of a pipeline with a diameter of 1.25m?

Exercise 79

Determine the capacity of 3km of a pipeline with a diameter of 2.75m?

Exercise 80


Exercise 81

Determine the capacity of oil in all the pipework which is 21m with a diameter of 11mm?

Exercise 82

Describe the different ways how you would determine the thickness of a metal rod accurately?

Exercise 83

How would you determine the density of an irregular shaped object?


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Exercise 84

A student is given 3 different rocks and wants to determine the different types, can you suggest a method of how they could do this.?

Exercise 85

A helicopter travels 1500m in 8 seconds, what is its speed?

Exercise 86

A bicycle travels 800m in 4 minutes, what is its speed


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Exercise 87

A car travels 100 km and it takes 71 minutes, what is its speed?

Exercise 88


Exercise 89

Express this in terms of d?

d

c

b

a

Exercise 90

Express this in terms of V1?

2

22

1

11

T

VP

T

VP


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Exercise 91

Express this in terms of P1?

2

2

1

1

T

P

T

P

Exercise 92

Express this in terms of V2?

2211 VPVP

Module 4

Physical properties of matter

This module will cover the issue of the physical properties of matter.

.


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Exercise 1

A cow on earth of mass 120kg has a weight of 1200n. What would its mass and weight be on the moon with 1/6th of the gravity?

Exercise 2

An elephant on earth of mass 650kg has a weight of 6500n. What would its mass and weight be on the moon with 1/6th of the gravity?


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Exercise 3

A vehicle on earth has a mass of 2500kg and a weight of 25,000N. What would its weight be on the Moon with 1/6th of the gravity?

Exercise 4

A puppy on earth has a mass of 1kg and a weight of 10N. What would its weight be on Mars with 1/133rd of the gravity?


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Exercise 5

An alligator on earth has a mass of 120kg and a weight of 1200N. What would its weight be on Mars with 1/133rd of the gravity?

Exercise 6

What is the density of these bullets?

Mass = 20g

Volume = 3cm3


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Exercise 7

What is the density of this sponge?

Mass = 10g

Volume = 0.01m3

Exercise 8

What is the density of this wood?

Mass = 0.23kg

Volume = 0.1m3


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Exercise 9

What is the density of this rocking horse?

Mass =12kg

Volume = 0.25m3

Exercise 10

What is the density of this bale of straw?

Mass = 40kg

Volume = 2.3m3


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Exercise 11

Determine the densities of a cube block of steel has a mass of 35g. The cube is 1.75cm long, what is its density?

Exercise12

Determine the density of a liquid with the following information

Mass = 1.25 kg

Volume = 0.45m3


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Exercise 13

Determine the density of a melon with the following information

Mass = 1.2 kg

Volume = 0.01m3

Exercise 14

Determine the density of a sausage with the following information

Mass = 100g

Volume = 8cm3


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Exercise 15

Determine the density of a cannon ball with the following information

Mass = 2kg

Volume = 0.03m3


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Module 5 Mechanics

What are the aims of this module, well on completion of this module you will be able to:

Define and understand basic terms and be able to carry out basic calculations involving physical mechanics

Module 2-1-3-1

Exercise 1

What is the kinetic energy of a 1100 kg elephant travelling at 6 m/s?

..


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Exercise 2

What is the kinetic energy of a rugby player with a mass of 100 kg travelling at 10 m/s?

Exercise 3

What is the kinetic energy of a dog with a mass of 20 kg travelling at 13 m/s?

..


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Exercise 4

What is the kinetic energy of a skier with a mass of 70 kg travelling down a slope at 22 m/s?

..

Exercise 5

What is the kinetic energy of a husky dog with a mass of 40 kg travelling at 7 m/s?

..


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Exercise 6

What potential energy does a lady with a mass of 50kg and it is up in a fair ride 30m from the ground?

..

Exercise 7

What potential energy does a child with a mass of 30kg and it is up in a fair ride 22m from the ground?

..


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Exercise 8

What potential energy does a kite with a mass of 12kg and it is up in the air 120m from the ground?

..

Exercise 9

What potential energy does a parachutist with a mass of 90kg and it is up in the air 1245m from the ground?

..


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Exercise 10

What potential energy does a snowboarder with a mass of 84kg up a mountain 1300m from the ground?

..

Exercise 11

A force of 10N is applied to a cart to move it 2m along the floor. What is the work done on the cart?

..


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Exercise 12

What is the work done when a weightlifter lifts 100kg from the floor above their head to a height of 2.2m?

..

Exercise 13

What is the work done when a crane lifts 1200kg from the floor to a height of 51m?

..


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Exercise 14

What is the work done when a firefighter lifts a hose with a mass of 79kg from the floor to a height of 18m?

..

Exercise 15

What is the work done when a person with a mass of 81kg walks up a flight of stairs 3m high?

..


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Exercise 16

What is the power required to lift an elephant with a mass of 350kg, 75m high in 2 minutes?

..

Exercise 17

What would the power be if you wanted to achieve the same lift in 3.5 minutes?

..


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Exercise 18

What is the power required to lift a bucket of water with a mass of 3.4kg to the top of a ladder 11.5m high in 18 seconds?

..

Exercise 19

What is the power required to lift a pint of lager with a mass of 1.2kg from the table in the air 1.1m in a celebration in 0.9 seconds?

..


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Exercise 20

What is the power required to pull a vehicle weighing 200kg along a road 80m long in 2minutes 10 seconds?

..

Module 6

Water Power


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Exercise 21

Determine the water power of a pump which is delivering 2600 litres at 3.5 Bar?

..

Exercise 22

Determine the water power of a pump which is delivering 3100 litres at 6 Bar?

..


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Exercise 23


..

Exercise 24


..


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Exercise 25

Determine the water power of a pump which is delivering 2600 litres at 3.5 Bar?

..

Exercise 26

Determine the efficiency of a pump with an input (Brake power) of 49kW. It is pumping 4100 litres at 6.3 Bar?

..


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Exercise 27

A pump with a Brake power of 36kW and an efficiency of 75% discharges 2750 litre/minute at a pressure which is 1.2 bar higher than the pressure of the 1800 litre per minute discharged by a second pump having an efficiency of 68%. What is the brake power of the second pump?

..

Exercise 28

What is the force on each of a 3000kg elephant’s feet, when the surface area of each foot is 0.01m2?

..


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Exercise 29

What is the pressure on the heel of a stiletto when the mass of the woman is 70kg and the area of each stiletto is 0.0001m3?

..

Exercise 30

Which exerts a greater pressure –Force 1 - a 10N force acting on 1.5m2 or Force 2 - a 34N force acting on 4.5m2?

..


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Exercise 31

A swimming pool has a level, horizontal bottom of area of 10m x 2m. If the pressure on the bottom of the pol is 15,000 Pa, what total force does the water exert on the bottom of the pool?

..

Exercise 32

What is the pressure on a container of popcorn with a mass of 0.1kg and a bottom surface area of 0.01m2?


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Exercise 33

A fire engine with a mass of 1500kg is travelling at 18m/s, what is its momentum?

..

Exercise 34

A train is travelling at 25 m/s and has a mass of 12,000kg, what is its momentum?

..


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Exercise 35

A ship is travelling at 7 m/s and has a mass of 150,000kg, what is its momentum?

..

Exercise 36

A helicopter travels 1500m in 8 seconds, what is its velocity?


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Exercise 37

A bicycle travels 800m in 4 minutes, what is its velocity?

Exercise 38

A car travels 100 km and it takes 71 minutes, what is its velocity?


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Exercise 39

How long would it take me to walk from my house in Cambridge to London if I travelled at 3 km / hour and the distance is 90km?

Exercise 40

A car travels at a velocity of 40m/s for 30 s. how far does it travel in this time?


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Exercise 41

A cyclist travels 500m in 3 minutes. What is his velocity?

Exercise 42

A girl walks 4km at 1.5m/s. how long does her journey take?


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Exercise 43

A fire engine is travelling at 65 km/h. It suddenly accelerates at 2m.sec-2. What is the velocity of the fire engine after 8 seconds?

Exercise 44

A taxi is accelerating from rest at a rate of 4m.s-2.

a) What is its velocity after 9 seconds?

b) How far will it have travelled at this point?

Module 2-1-4


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Module 7

Heat and Temperature

In this module, I would like to discuss the topic of heat and temperature. What are the aims of this module? At the end of this module you will be able to:

Define the terms “heat” and “temperature” and explain the relationship between them

Demonstrate an understanding of how temperature is measured Define and use units of heat Define and apply terms that apply to heat and heat and heat transfer Describe the processes of heat transmission Understand the principles of thermal expansion Define and understand the Gas Laws Understand the basic principles of the liquefaction of gases

Exercise 1

Convert 154F into centigrade?

Exercise 2

Convert 154C into Fahrenheit?


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Exercise 3

Convert 154F into Kelvin?

Exercise 4

Convert 154C into Kelvin?

Exercise 5

Convert 345F into Centigrade?

Exercise 6


Exercise 7


Exercise 8

Convert 300F into Centigrade?

Exercise 9


Exercise 10

Convert 453K into Fahrenheit?


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Module 8

Exercise 11

Determine the heat which is released when a 3.4kg brick which has a temperature of 300C is allowed to cool to ambient in a room?

Ambient temp = 15C

Specific heat capacity of brick = (855 kj/kg/K)

Exercise 12

How much heat energy is required to make a cup of boiling hot coffee?

Cup capacity = 0.25 litres Water temperature = 15C

Density of water = 1000kg.m3 SHC of water = 4.187 kj.kg/K


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Exercise 13

How much heat energy is required to heat a pan of liquid from 34C to its boiling point at 97C?

Pan capacity = 2.25 litres Density of liquid = 900kg.m3

SHC of liquid = 2.2 kj.kg/K

Exercise 14

How much heat energy is required to melt an ice cube with a volume of 0.00001m3 at 0C to water at 0C?

Density of water = 1000kg.m3 Latent heat of melting = 334 kj/kg


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Exercise 15

How much heat energy is required to melt an iceberg with a volume of 13450m3 at -30C to water at 0C?

Density of water = 1000kg.m3 Latent heat of melting = 334 kj/kg

Exercise 16

Determine how much a metal bridge will expand on a freezing cold day when the sun comes out and heats it to 30C?

Temperature of = -10C Co-efficient of linear expansion = 0.000032 C

Original length of bridge = 50m


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Exercise 17

At 25C a sphere has a diameter of 1m. It is involved in a fire and heated to 100C. What is the final volume of the sphere?

Ambient temperature of steel = 15C Co-efficient of linear expansion = 0.0000150C

Exercise 18

Determine the final length of a beam that is heated in a fire to 1000C?

Ambient temperature of beam = 15C Co-efficient of linear expansion = 0.00002 C

Original length of beam = 20m


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Exercise 19

Determine how much a metal bridge will shrink when subject to freezing cold conditions of -30C?

Temperature = 25C Co-efficient of linear expansion = 0.0001 C

Original length of bridge = 30m

Exercise 20

At 30C a sphere has a diameter of 2m. It is involved in a fire and heated to 1000C. What is the final volume of the sphere?

Ambient temperature of steel = 15C Co-efficient of linear expansion = 0.000010C


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Module 9

Exercise 21

A tank containing 1450 litres of a liquid is heated in a fire from ambient 20C to 1000C what will be its new volume?

Cubical expansion rate of liquid = 0.000009

Exercise 22

A tanker containing 20,000 litres of a liquid is heated in a fire from ambient 20C to 60C what will be its new volume?



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Exercise 23

An oil drum containing 90 litres of a liquid is heated in a fire from ambient 20C to 800C what will be its new volume?


Exercise 24

A glass of a liquid containing 0.45 litres of a liquid is heated from ambient 20C to 80C what will be its new volume?



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Exercise 25

A tanker with a liquid containing 2300 litres of a liquid is heated from 0C to 30C what will be its new volume?


Exercise 26

The density of a liquid is 1000kg.m3 at 0C and it is 900kg.m3 at 100C.

Determine the coefficient of cubical expansion of the liquid?


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Exercise 27

A bulk fuel storage cylinder 5m in diameter and 8.5m high made of steel is 90% filled with aircraft fuel at a temperature of 18C. If the storage cylinder is involved in a fire and heated to 415C, how much fuel will be forced out?

Exercise 28

A cylinder occupies 4 litres when its temperature is 20C. What will be its volume when heated to 600c if the pressure remains constant?


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Exercise 29

A piston occupies 8 litres of a gas when its temperature is 20c, what will be its temperature if the volume is increased to 16 litres if the pressure remains constant?

Exercise 30

A cylinder occupies 44 litres when its temperature is 0C, what will be its volume when heated to 560c if the pressure remains constant?


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Exercise 31

A cylinder occupies 23 litres when its pressurised to 7 Bar, what will be the pressure if the volume is increased to 33 litres?

Exercise 32



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Exercise 33


Exercise 34

A cylinder charged to 56 Bar has a volume of 1m3 at 25C. It is involved in a fire and reaches a temperature of 550C, its volume increases to 1.001m3. What would be the pressure inside the cylinder?


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Exercise 35

A vessel at -55C contains gas at a pressure of 15 Bar. We can assume that the volume of the vessel will remain constant.

If the bursting pressure = 60 Bar, at what temperature will the vessel fail?

Exercise 36

An acetylene cylinder at a pressure of 10 bar is stored in a container which is involved in a fire and is heated to 500C. The vessel is protected by a fusible plug which operates at 30 bar.


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Exercise 37

A nitrogen cylinder has a volume of 0.1m3. It contains 7m3 of nitrogen when released at normal temperature and pressure 1 bar 15C.


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Module 10

Hydraulics.

The aim of the module is that you will be able to:

Know and understand the properties and reactions of water

Describe and understand how pressure is measured

Describe the effects of pressure

Module 2-1-5-1

Exercise 1

Convert 1.12 bar into Pascal’s and atmospheres

Exercise 2

Convert 65,000 Pascal’s into bar and atmosphere

Exercise 3

Convert 1,200,000 Pascal’s into bar and atmosphere

Exercise 4

Convert 400,000 Pascal’s into bar and atmosphere


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Exercise 5

A static tank has a water level 75m above a gauge. What pressure would be showing on the gauge?

Exercise 6

A dam has a water level 109m above a gauge. What pressure would be showing on the gauge?


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Exercise 7

A water tank for a sprinkler system is located in a roof space above the sprinkler head 8.4m. What pressure would be available at the sprinkler head?

Exercise 8

A pump pressure of 4.6 bar is required to operate a branch which is located at ground level. If the branch is raised to a height of 13m above ground what must be the pump pressure to have the same output?


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Exercise 9

A pump pressure of 6 bar is required to operate a branch which is located at ground level. If the branch is lowered to a height of 10m below ground what must be the pump pressure to have the same output?

Module 11

Exercise 10

A pump is supplying a branch at 4.5 bar pressure. The branch is at the end of 4 lengths of 25m hose which has a diameter of 45mm and a friction factor of 0.0012. If the velocity of water is 6 m.sec what pressure is required at the pump?


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Exercise 11

A pump is supplying a branch at 4 bar pressure. The branch is at the end of 5 lengths of 25m hose which has a diameter of 45mm and a friction factor of 0.002. If the velocity of water is 10 m.sec what pressure is required at the pump?

Exercise 12

A pump is supplying 400 litres /minute of water through 4 lengths of 25m hose with a diameter of 45mm and a friction factor of 0.001. The pressure at the pump is 6 Bar, what is the pressure at the branch?


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Exercise 13


Exercise 14

A pump is supplying 500 litres /minute of water through 5 lengths of 25m hose with a diameter of 45mm and a friction factor of 0.002. The pressure at the pump is 7.5 Bar, what is the pressure at the branch?


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Exercise 15



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Module 12

Chemistry

This module will cover the topic of chemistry. On completion of this module you will be able to:

Define and use chemical terms

Describe atoms and molecules

Understand the use of chemical symbols

Module 13

This module will cover the topic of chemistry. On completion of this module you will be able to:


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Define and understand the terms flashpoint, fire point and spontaneous ignition temperatures

Understand and apply the principles of chemistry to the extinction of fire

Fire gas explosions

Dust explosions

Explosion prevention

BLEVE

Module 14

This module will cover the topic of chemistry. On completion of this module you will understand:

Define VACTEC system

Properties of foam

Vapourising liquids

Fixed installations


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Module 15

Electricity

This module will cover electricity. At the end of this module you will be able to

Define, understand and use basic electrical symbols and terms

Describe and carry out calculations using Ohm’s Law

Explain the purpose and significance of conductors and insulators

Explain the reasons for providing earth connections and other protective devices to electrical circuits

Exercise 1

What current will be flowing in the circuit?


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Exercise 2

What is the voltage in this circuit?

Exercise 3

What current will be flowing in this circuit?


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Exercise 4

What is the voltage in this circuit?

Exercise 5

What current will be flowing in this circuit?


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Exercise 6

What power is dissipated in a circuit with a current of 6 amps flowing in a resistance of 1 ohms?

Exercise 7

What power is dissipated in a circuit with a current of 22 amps flowing in a resistance of 0.25 ohms?


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Exercise 8

What power is dissipated in a circuit with a current of 15 amps flowing in a resistance of 1.34 ohms?

Exercise 9

What power is dissipated in a circuit with a current of 2.4 amps flowing in a resistance of 0.2 ohms?


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Exercise 10

What power is dissipated in a circuit with a current of 30 amps flowing in a resistance of 3 ohms?

Exercise 11

Determine the total resistance in this circuit assuming the resistance in the wire is 0.3 ohm


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Exercise 12

Determine the total resistance in this circuit assuming the resistance in the wire is 01.1ohm

Exercise 13



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Exercise 14


Exercise 15



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Module 16

Exercise 16

Determine the effective resistance of this circuit?

Exercise 17



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Exercise 18


Exercise 19



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Exercise 20


Exercise 21

What power is required to produce a current of 8 amps in a circuit with a potential difference of 4V?

Exercise 22

What power is required to produce a current of 12.5 amps in a circuit with a potential difference of 6V?

Exercise 23

What power is required to produce a current of 12 amps in a circuit with a potential difference of 5.2V?

Exercise 24



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Exercise 25



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Module 17

End of module test

1. What is difference between mass and weight?

2. What is vapour density?

3. What is relative density of a vapour?

4. What are the 4 states of matter?

5. Define melting point of a solid?

6. What is evaporation?

7. What is kinetic energy and what is the formula to determine it?


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8. Define work?

9. Define power?

10. What is centripetal force?

11. What is a manometer,

12. What is the difference between heat and temperature?

13. What is a thermocouple?

14. What is a thermistor?

15.What are the 3 ways of measuring temperature that is used today?

16. What is the kelvin scale?

17. What is the definition of a joule?

18. What is the definition of specific heat capacity?

19. What are the 5 changes of state?

20. What is the latent heat of vapourisation?

21. What is the latent heat of fusion?


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22. What are the 3 types of expansion?

23. Define Charles gas law and what is the formula?

24. Define boyles law and give the formula?

25. Define critical temperature

.

26. What is the filling ratio?

27. There are a number of basic rules governing the principle characteristic of pressure in liquids, what are they?

28. There are a few rules regarding frictional loss which you should be aware of, what are they?

29. When working from open water, a lot of energy is required to raise the water to the level of the pump. The pump has to overcome a number of factors, what are they?

30. What is jet reaction?

31. What is Archimedes principle?

.

32. Define an atom?

33. Define a molecule?


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34. Define an element?

35. Define a radical?

36. What are atoms made up of?

37. What is the atomic number?

38. Define flashpoint?

39. Define auto-ignition temperature?

40. Define and explain LEL?

41. Define and explain UEL?

42. What is a flashover?

43. What are the internal signs of a backdraught?

44. What are the pre-conditions for a dust explosion?

45. What is difference between primary explosion and secondary explosion?

46. What are the typical expansion rates for LX, MX and HX foams?


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47. What type of foam is most suitable for polar solvents?

48. What is the name for a material that have exactly zero resistance and infinite conductance?

49. What is the formula for ohms law?

IRV

50. How would you determine the total resistance of a number of resistors in series?

51. What is the formula to determine the resistance of a number of resisters in parallel?

321

1111

RRRR

52. What is a miniature circuit breaker?


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Module 18

Fire and Rescue Operations

This section is split into 4 modules

Pre-Planning and Incident Command

Fire and Rescue Procedures

Water supplies

Appliances and equipment

Pre-Planning and Incident Command

At the end of this module you will


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Sources of pollution

Containment

Site clearance

Water supplies

Liaison with partners

Module 19

Topography


Topography

Nature and use of premises

Stages in involved in an incident


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Fire and Rescue procedures


Understand the basic principles involved in evacuating and searching for casualties

Demonstrate a basic knowledge of how to tackle incidents in different situations

Understand the basic principles and procedures for tactical firefighting interventions

Understand the use of breathing apparatus at an incident

Understand the methods and value of ventilation

Understand the benefits of damage limitation and mitigation at an incident


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Module 20

At the end of this module you will understand:

Basic methods of search

Basic methods of rescue

Rescue in fires

Safety at incidents

Chimney fires

Module 21

One room fires


One room fires

Ducting fires

Roof fires

Basement fires

High rise fires

Working in smoke. Eat and darkness


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Module 22

Identifying risks


Identifying risks Signs of building collapse Establishing a bridgehead The use of Breathing Apparatus at incidents


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Module 23

Water Supplies


Water distribution systems

The purpose of a ring main and its principal components

The causes of poor flow in mains

Hydrant installation and its principal components


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Module 24

Appliances and Equipment

At the end of this module you will be able to:

Describe the design and use of pumping appliances

Describe the design and use of pumps and primers

Describe the design and use of delivery hose

Describe the design and use of branches and nozzles

Describe the design and use of ropes and lines

Describe the design and use of fire extinguishers

Describe the types and use of firefighting foams

Describe the design and use of foam making equipment

Understand the use of breathing apparatus

Describe the design and use of ladders

Describe and understand the types of equipment used in relation to hazardous substance incidents


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Appliances


Pump mountings

Locating the vehicle

Fault finding

Types of pumps

Types of primers

Module 25

Design and use of delivery hose


Design and use of delivery hose

Care of hose

Damage to hose


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Use of breaches

Use of spray

Dividing breaches

Design and use of ropes and lines

Module 26

Type and use of firefighting foam


Type and use of foam

Properties of foam

Types of branches

Characteristics of foam

Use of personal lines and guidelines

Working with ladders

Dealing with hazardous substances


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Module 27

End of Module Test

1. What are the ways that pollutants enter the ecosystem?

2. Describe carbon dioxide?

3. On any site there may be one or more levels of containment. In deciding the appropriate level of containment a risk assessment should be carried out. What should the operator consider?

4. What are the various remote containment systems available?

5. What are the various emergency containment systems available?

6. There are 2 types of cordons, what are they?

7. Describe carbon monoxide?


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8. What are the different steps involved in the initial stage at an incident?

9. What are the 3 levels of control at an incident?

10. What are the key functions of a Turntable ladder?

11. What are the main advantages of a hydraulic platform over a turntable ladder?

12. What are the signs of a chimney fire?

13. How do the fire service deal with chimney fires?

14. What is the best way to deal with a duct fire?

15. There are 4 principle classes of roofs, what are they?

16. What are the common problems found in basement fires?

17. What can an occupier do to support the fire service in the early stage of an incident?

18. What are the signs of building collapse?

19. What is a bridgehead?


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20. What is a “High rise building”?

21. What are the Precautions to be taken when donning breathing apparatus?

22. What are the factors that should be considered when deciding on the number and siting of breathing apparatus entry control points?

23. What is the guidance for Stage 1 entry control?

24. What is the rules for the size of BA teams?

25. What should a breathing apparatus wearer do on hearing a distress signal unit?

26. What is the length of a personal line?

27. What is the purpose of a guideline?

28. What are the purposes of ventilation?

29. What are the 3 ways a pump can be mounted on a fire appliance?

30. Which is the best mounting position for creating locker space?

31. What factors should you take into account when siting an appliance at an incident?


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32. What is the most likely cause of a reduced pressure when working at an incident?

33. What is the most likely cause of an increased pressure when working at an incident?

34. How deep should the metal strainer be when working from open water?

35. What are the 3 main types of pumps?

36. Which of the 3 pumps cannot pump gas and therefore need priming when working from open water?

37. What is the purpose of the volute casing in a water ring primer?

38. Give an example of a bucket and plunger pump widely used for dealing with chimney fires?

39. What is the theoretical and practical lift when working from open water?

40. What are the 3 main types of primers?

41. What is the cause of a crackling jet when working from open water?

42. Delivery hose is generally constructed out of 2 materials, what are they?

43. What are the 3 main causes of deterioration to hoses?


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44. What are the advantages of taking hose up outside of building?

45. What are the main causes of damage to ropes?

46. What are the 5 classifications of foam?

47. How long is the safety margin with a breathing apparatus set?

48. What is the diameter of a personal line?

49. How many guideline tallies and branch line tallies can you have at each entry point?

50. What are the 3 additional functions of a short extension ladder?


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Section 3 Fire Safety

This section is split into 4 modules

Elements of construction

Fixed installations

Alarm systems

Fire safety practice


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Module 28

Elements of Construction

At the end of this module you will:

Understand the use to which the building materials are put and their behaviour in fire

Recognise elements of structure, state their function and understand their fire resistance


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Module 29

Elements of structure

At the end of this module you will understand

Elements of structure


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Module 30

Fixed Installations

On completion of this module you will be able to:

Outline the basic design features, use and operation of different types of fixed installations

Module 31

Water sprays

On completion of this module you will understand:

Water spray systems

Drenchers


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Rising mains

Hose reels

Foam making systems

Inergen

Oxy reduct


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Module 32

Fire Alarm Systems

On completion of this module you will be able to:

Understand the basic principles and operation of fire alarm systems

Understand the basic principles of Automatic Fire Detection (AFD) and describe the types of detectors and system

Describe the design and use of domestic smoke alarms and domestic sprinklers


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Module 33

Fire Safety Practice

At the end of this module you will be able to:

Understand the basic principles of means of escape in case of a fire

Describe the fire safety factors to be considered in domestic premises


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Module 34

End of Module Test

1.What are the five functional requirements?

2. What are the factors that affect the behaviour of any material in a fire?

3. What are the 2 types of flame retardants for timber?

4. How does stone react in a fire exceeding 600C?

5. How does limestone react in a fire?

6.What fire resistance will a 100mm brick give in a fire?

7. How does concrete react in a fire?

8. What are the ways of protecting structural steel?


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9. What are the advantages of Aluminum over steel?

10. What are the disadvantages of Aluminum over steel?

11. What are the various types of blockboards?

12. What is the definition of an ”element of structure”?

13. List the ”elements of structure”?

14. Why is steel used to strengthen concrete?

15. What are the types of pitched roofs?

16. What are the types of hinged doors?

17. What is the function of a fire door?

18. What are the various types of windows?

19. What are the various types of sprinkler systems?

20. What are the various types of quartzoid bulbs?

21. How does a water spray system affect a fire?


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22. What are the 2 types of water spray systems?

23. What are the 2 types of firefighter rising mains?

24. At what height is a dry rising main required?

25. At what height is a wet rising main required?

26. What are the various types of foam available?

27. What are the applications of FM200?

28. What are the various types of manual fire alarms?

29. What is a voice alarm system?

30. What is a restricted fire alarm?

31. What is the function of a fire detector?

32. Where are flame detectors suitable to be installed?

33. Where would you consider installing beam detection?

34. How does an optical detector work?

35. What is the definition of the Means of Escape?


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36. What are the critical conditions when the Means of Escape are no longer available?

37. What are the 6 principle areas you need to consider with regards Means of

Escape?

38. What are not acceptable as Means of Escape?


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Module 35 Mock Examination

Level 2 Certificate in Fire Science, Operations and Safety

Time allowed

180 minutes

Instructions

Use black ink or black ball-point pen

Fill in the boxes at the top of this page.

Answer all questions.

Information

Each question is 1 mark


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Paper

You have 180 minutes to answer these multi choice questions. Attempt ALL

questions. Select one answer by putting a cross over the answer you wish to

select.

Example

What colour is the label on a water

A Red

B Blue x

C Cream

D Yellow

If you make a mistake place a circle around the mistake and put another cross

in the answer you wish to select.

A

Red X

B Blue

C Cream

D Yellow

X


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Module 1 Fire Engineering Science

1. Answer the following question?

2543282

A 845

B 775

C 97

D 275


6733142

A 14

B 37

C 43

D 96

3. Answer the following question.

2281038683

A 3

B 23

C 2

D 4


2543282

A 845

B 775

C 97

D 275


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5. Determine the following?

2

2

1086

A 43

B 67

C 54

D 123

6. What is the area of a square with sides of 1.25cm?

A 2.34cm2

B 1.974cm2

C 1.6754cm2

D 1.5625cm2

7. what is the area of a triangle with a height of 4cm and a width of 8cm?

A 32cm2

B 64cm2

C 16cm2

D 25cm2

8. what is the area of a rectangle with a height of 4.5cm and a width of

8.2cm?

A 31.5cm2

B 36.9cm2

C 45cm2

D 61.2cm2


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9. Determine the area of the following circle with a radius of 4m?

A 67.1m2

B 45m2

C 50.27m2

D 120.2m2

10. Determine the volume of this cylinder?

A 312.7m3

B 500.3m3

C 232.8m3

D 209.1m3

11. Determine the volume of this cylinder?

A 123.67m3

B 267.89m3

C 345.2m3

D 222.21m3


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12. What is the surface area of this sphere using the formula?

24 rArea

A 63.21cm2

B 50.27cm2

C 70.54cm2

D 111.3cm2

13. What is the volume of this sphere using the following formula?

3

3

4rVolume

A 23.45m3

B 34.12m3

C 14.14m3

D 34.56m3

14. Determine the capacity of 25m of a hose with a diameter of 45mm,

using the following formula?

hDVolume 27854.0

A 0.03m3

B 0.04m3

C 1.2m3

D 1.5m3


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15. Determine the capacity of 8m of a firefighter hose with a diameter of

40mm, using the following formula?

hDVolume 27854.0

A 0.05m3

B 0.01m3

C 0.236m3

D 0.034m3

16. Which of these would give the most accurate measurement?

A Ruler

B Piece of string

C Vernier callipers

D Screw micrometre

17. If a ream of paper is 33mm thick and it contains 500 sheets of paper,

how thick is an average sheet of paper?

A 0.066mm

B 0.0054mm

C 0.002mm

D 0.034mm

18. What is the average speed of a dog that runs 850m and it takes 2

minute 20 seconds?

A 3.4m.s-1

B 2.03m.s-1

C 3.45 m.s-1

D 6-.07m.s-1


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19. A spacecraft is travelling at a steady speed of 11 km/s, how long will it

take to complete a single orbit around the earth which is a distance of

40,000km?

A 4000 seconds

B 4500 seconds

C 3636 seconds

D 6000 seconds

20. A helicopter travels 1500m in 8 seconds, what is its speed?

A 345m.s-1

B 300.3m.s-1

C 234.4m.s-1

D 187.5m.s-1

21. A cow on earth of mass 120kg has a weight of 1200n. What would its

weight be on the moon with 1/6th of the gravity?

A 150n

B 145n

C 200n

D 400n

22. An alligator on earth has a mass of 120kg and a weight of 1200N.What

would its weight be on Mars with 1/133rd of the gravity?

A 9n

B 12n

C 23n

D 34n


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23. if a liquid has a mass of 340g and its volume is 100cm-3 what is its

density?

A 1.2g.cm3

B 3.4g.cm3

C 5.6g.cm3

D 6.2g.cm3

24. What is the density of a piece of metal with a mass of 20g and a volume

of 3cm-3 ?

A 6.67g.cm3

B 7.88g.cm3

C 14.23g.cm3

D 11.22g.cm3

25. What is the density of a rocking horse with a mass of 12kg and a

volume of 0.25m-3 ?

A 48kg.m3

B 56kg.m3

C 81kg.m3

D 65kg.m3

26. What is vapour density?

A Density of vapour compared to hydrogen

B Density of vapour compared to nitrogen

C Density of vapour compared to air

D Density of vapour compared to co2


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27. What is relative density?

A Density of vapour compared to hydrogen

B Density of vapour compared to nitrogen

C Density of vapour compared to air

D Density of vapour compared to co2

28. What is the approx. density of water?

A 1200kg.m3

B 345kg.m3

C 1000kg.m3

D 760kg.m3

29. Acetylene has a relative density of 0.9, what does this mean?

A It would sink in air

B It would rise in air

C It would mix with air

D It is heavier than air

30. Complete the statement

The ---------- point of a substance is the temperature at which the vapour

pressure of the liquid equals the pressure surrounding the liquid and the

liquid changes into a vapor

A Melting

B Fusion

C Boiling

D stretching


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31. What is the freezing point of water?

A -100C

B 0C

C 100C

D 150C

32. What is the boiling point of water?

A 90C

B 100C

C 120C

D 200C

33. Covert 100C into Kelvin?

A 275K

B 300K

C 373K

D 435K

34. Convert 30C into Kelvin?

A 273K

B 150K

C 303K

D 453K

35. What is the lowest attainable temperature on earth?

A -400C

B -300C

C -273C

D -100C


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36. Which of these statements is false?

A Evaporation is faster on a windy day

B Evaporation is affected by temperature

C Evaporation is faster with reduced area

D Evaporation is faster with increased area.

37. Complete the following statement

……………..is the transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas phase without passing through the intermediate liquid phase

A BLEVE

B Flashover

C Sublimation

D Backdraft

38. What is energy measured in?

A Watt

B Joule

C Newton

D Amp

39. What is force measured in?

A Sievert

B Metres

C Newtons

D Curie


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40. A book with a mass of 0.5 kg is lifted 2 m onto a book shelf. If g is 9.81 m.sec-2, how much gravitational potential energy does it gain?

A 9.81j

B 23.1j

C 12.4j

D 15.6j

41. What is the kinetic energy of a husky dog with a mass of 40 kg

travelling at 7 m/s?

A 1100J

B 324J

C 456J

D 980J

42. How do you determine the force?

A Force = mass x distance

B Force = mass x acceleration

C Force = speed x distance

D Force = velocity x time

43. What is the force on a brick with a mass of 1.5kg?

A 23N

B 34.6N

C 22.3N

D 14.75N


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44. Complete the sentence?

…….. is done when a force moves a distance?

A Energy

B Velocity

C Work

D power

45. What is power measured in?

A Joules

B Amps

C Watts

D Newtons


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Module 2 Operations

1. What is the formula for carbon dioxide?

A CO3

B CO2

C CO

D C202

2. Which of these is NOT a property of carbon dioxide?

A Asphyxiant

B Odourless

C Lighter than air

D Colourless

3. Which of these is NOT a property of carbon monoxide?

A Invisible

B If inhaled and absorbed into bloodstream reacts with blood to replace oxygen

C Slightly lighter than air

D Smells of rotten eggs

4. What are the 2 types of containment for spillages?

A Primary and tertiary

B Primary and secondary

C Primary and alternative

D Pits and trenches


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5. Which of these is NOT a remote containment system?

A Containment lagoons

B Tanks

C woodland

D Oil separators

6. Which of these is NOT a true organisation?

A Nuclear directorate

B Health and Safety directorate

C Radiation group

D Explosives directorate

7. When you are looking at controlling the fire ground the use of cordons

is a good way of achieving this. What are the 2 levels of cordons?

A Outer and inner cordons

B Primary and secondary cordons

C Duplicate cordons

D First and last cordons

8. How many floors can a 13.5m ladder reach?

A 2 floors

B 3 floors

C 4 floors

D 5 floors


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9. How many floors can a 9m ladder reach?

A 2 floors

B 3 floors

C 4 floors

D 5 floors

10. How many floors can a 10.5m ladder reach?

A 2 floors

B 3 floors

C 4 floors

D 5 floors

11. Which of these is NOT a function of a turntable ladder?

A Allowing access or egress of firefighters and fire victims at height

B To be able to retrace their steps to evacuate buildings.

C Providing a high-level water point for firefighting (elevated master stream)

D Providing a platform from which tasks such as ventilation or overhaul can be executed

12. Which of these is NOT a way to attack a chimney fire?

A Attack from the roof

B Attack from the grate

C Attack from a ladder

D Attack from the soot door in the chimney breast


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13. Which of these is NOT a common problem found in basement fires?

A Difficult access

B Difficulty in applying media

C Difficult to ventilate heat and smoke

D Difficult to connect to riser

14. How many floors below the fire should you establish a bridgehead?

A 1 floor

B 2 floors

C 3 floors

D 4 floors

15. With breathing apparatus, what is the full duration?

A The time from opening the valve till the whistle operates

B The time from opening the valve till the cylinder is empty

C 28 minutes

D The time from opening the valve till the wearer feels uncomfortable

16. Which of these is the working duration?

A The time from opening the valve till the cylinder is empty

B The time from opening the valve till the wearer feels uncomfortable

C 24 minutes

D The time from opening the valve till the whistle operates


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17. What is the safety margin for breathing apparatus?

A The time from when the whistle operates until empty

B The time from opening the valve till the set is empty

C 45 minutes

D 30 minutes

18. What is the minimum rank of a BA stage 1 entry control officer?

A Firefighter

B Junior Officer

C Station Officer

D Chief Fire Officer

19. What is the minimum rank of a BA stage 2 entry control officer?

A Firefighter

B Junior Officer

C Station Officer

D Chief Fire Officer

20. What colour is the tabard worn by a BA control Officer?

A Red and blue

B Green and yellow

C White and grey

D Yellow and black


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21. When using line signals, what does 1 pull indicate?

A Stop lowering

B I am alright

C Pull me out immediately

D I have found the casualty

22. When using Positive Pressure Ventilation, what impact will putting 2

fans in tandem have?

A No difference

B Double the impact

C 50% the impact

D 4 times the impact

23. When using line signals, what does rapid pulls mean??

A Stop lowering

B I am alright

C Pull me out immediately

D I have found the casualty

24. Fans should be positioned how far back from the entry point?

A Less than 1m

B 1m to 3m

C 3m to 4m

D Over 6m


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25. What is the main advantage of a water ring main?

A If the pipe has to be isolated, the hydrants will still operate

B It is cheaper

C More hydrants can be put on it

D There is no advantage

26. At what height to the top floor would a dry riser be required?

A 10m

B 18m

C 32m

D 45m

27. At what height to the top floor should a wet riser be installed?

A 40m

B 50m

C 70m

D 90m

28. What is the colour of a hydrant marker plate?

A Blue

B Green

C Yellow

D Red


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29. Which of these is NOT a location for a pump mounting?

A Mid-ship

B Underneath

C Rear

D Front

30. Which mounting position will offer the best advantages for more locker

space?

A Rear

B Front

C Mid-ship

D None

31. When pumping from open water, where should the driver locate the fire

tender?

A Near the incident

B As close as possible to the open water supply

C Mid way between water source and incident

D It doesn’t matter

32. When is the ONLY time that a basket strainer can be removed when

carrying out hard suction?

A When pumping from a pond

B When pumping from a swimming pool

C Never

D When the driver feels like it


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33. Which of these is NOT a reason you would get NO vacuum reading

when carrying out hard suction?

A Strainer not submerge enough

B Delivery valve not closed enough

C Deliveries fully closed

D Loose or faulty suction joints, try tightening

34. Which of these is NOT a type of pump?

A Axial

B Ejector pumps

C Centrifugal pumps

D Positive displacement pumps

35. Which is the most common type of pump used on Fire Service appliances?

A Positive displacement pump

B Ejector pump

C Stirrup pump

D Centrifugal pump

36. Which of these is NOT a positive displacement pump?

A Force pumps

B Drop pump

C Lift pumps

D Bucket and plunger pumps.


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37. Which is the only pump that requires priming?

A Positive displacement pump

B Ejector pump

C Stirrup pump

D Centrifugal pump

38. What is the maximum theoretical height that you can pump from?

A 20m

B 10.3m

C 6m

D 4m

39. What is the maximum practical lift?

A 12m

B 10m

C 8m

D 6m

40. Which of these is NOT an advantage of an exhaust gas ejector primer?

A Easy to operate

B Quiet in operation

C Few moving parts compared to reciprocating primers

D Lightweight


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41. Which of these is NOT an advantage of a water ring primer?

A Easy to operate

B Can be automatically engaged and disengaged

C Fast rapid priming

D Very heavy

42. What does an increased delivery pressure mean when pumping water?

A Increased amount of water being pumped

B Reduced amount of water being pumped

C Same amount of water being pumped

D Nothing

43. What does a reduction in delivery pressure mean?

A Same water being delivered

B More water being delivered

C Nothing

D Less water being delivered

44. Which of these would result in a decrease in vacuum pressure?

A Falling level of static water

B A rise in the water level

C Partial blockage of strainer

D Increase in water being delivered


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45. What is the length of a lowering line?

A 20m

B 35m

C 40m

D 80m


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Module 3 Fire Safety

1. Which of these is NOT a functional requirement?

A B1 Means of escape

B B2 Internal Fire Spread (Linings)

C B4 External Fire Spread

D B5 Hydrant supplies

2. Which of these is NOT a suitable lining for Means of Escape?

A Blockwork

B Heavy flock wallpaper

C Brickwork

D Glass

3. Which of these is B4?

A Means of Escape

B Access for the Fire Service

C Internal Fire Spread

D External Fire Spread

4. Which of these statements is untrue?

Timber is actually a good material in a fire for the following reasons

A In large cross sectional areas it is generally deemed to be “not easily ignitable”

B Timber can inherently protect itself by charring.

C Timber has a high expansion rate

D

It has a known char rate and this charring excludes oxygen and results in the fire not being able to penetrate deep into the wood.


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5. Complete the statement?

In a fire ………. will be affected by the outer skin flaking away and this

is increased if water is sprayed on the walls

A Limestone

B Glass

C Timber

D Concrete

6. Which of these is NOT generally used as an element of structure but

more for facia?

A Concrete

B Granite

C Wood

D Brick

7. How much fire resistance will a 100mm brick have?

A 30 minutes

B 1 hour

C 2 hours

D 5 hours

8. Which of these is NOT a factor that the strength of concrete is affected

by?

A Load supported

B Weather conditions

C Type of concrete

D Conditions of end support


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9. What is main problem with unprotected metalwork?

A It will shrink in a fire when heated

B It is hard to paint

C It is difficult to work with

D Heat transfer due to conduction, heat will travel along them and spread the fire

10. Which of these is NOT a means for structural protection of steel?

A Impregnation

B Intumescent coatings

C Board based systems

D Sprayed fire protection systems

11. Which of these is statements is FALSE?

A Aluminium has a reduction in weight over steel

B Aluminium resists corrosion

C Aluminium is easier to handle and work with than steel

D Aluminium has a low expansion rate

12. Which of these is true?

A Aluminium does not melt easily

B Aluminium has a high expansion rate

C Aluminium has a very low thermal conductivity

D Aluminium is harder to work with than steel


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13. Wired glass is made by sandwiching an electrically welded steel mesh

between 2 panes of glass, how thick is the glass?

A 2mm

B 4mm

C 6mm

D 9mm

14. What does LISP stand for?

A Long insulated sandwich panels

B Large insulated strong panels

C Large Insulated Sandwich Panels

D Long insulated strong panels

15. Which of these would LISPs NOT be used for?

A Cold stores

B Insulated panels

C Structural elements

D External envelope of buildings

16. How does thermoset plastics react in a fire?

A They do not react

B Thermoset plastics will not soften or melt when in fire but decompose

C They melt

D They soften and flow


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17. Which of these is NOT an element of structure?

A A floor

B A gallery

C A wall

D A roof

18. Which of these types of roofs, is a four-sided gambrel-style hip roof

characterized by two slopes on each of its sides with the lower slope?

A Mansard roof

B Close coupled roof

C Trussed roof

D Portal or rigid frame

19. Which of these roofs would be most suitable for single storey buildings

especially industrial or storage buildings?

A Mansard roof

B Close coupled roof

C Trussed roof

D Portal roof

20. Which of these is not a function of a fire door?

A Prevent the spread of smoke

B Prevent the spread of heat

C Prevent heat loss

D Ensure the Means of Escape are always available


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21. If you have 2 x 30 minute fire doors in line with each other, how much

fire resistance will this offer?

A 30 minutes

B 1 hour

C 2 hours

D 15 minutes

22. How many solid hinges should a fire door have?

A 2

B 3

C 4

D 5

23. When should a fire door have the added protection of a smoke seal?

A Always

B When it is protecting a means of escape

C In warehouses

D In corridors

24. Which of these is NOT a type of sprinkler system?

A Wet

B Dry

C Inergen

D Deluge


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25. Which of these sprinklers is the most suitable to protect an expensive

storage area?

A Wet

B Dry

C Pre-action

D Deluge

26. Which of these is NOT a type of sprinkler head?

A Pendant

B Upright

C Sidewall

D hexagonal

27. Over which height should a block of flats be installed with sprinklers?

A 22m

B 30m

C 45m

D 65m

28. What is the main advantage of a water mists system over a sprinkler system?

A More efficient use of water

B Cheaper

C Easier to install

D Easier to maintain


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29. What is the expansion rate of low expansion foam?

A 2:1 to 20:1

B 20:1 to 200:1

C 200:1 to 2000:1

D More than 5000:1

30. What is the expansion rate of high expansion foam?

A 2:1 to 20: 1

B 20:1 to 200:1

C 200:1 to 2000:1

D More than 5000:1


ife level 2 certificate in fire science, operations and safety · module 11 hydraulics 2 84 module...

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