WebGIS Based Agricultural Products Trade Platform Using the Bilateral Matching Model

Wenyuan Niu1,2, Jianghua Zheng1,2* 1.College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang University

2.Xinjiang Education Ministry Key Lab of City Inteligenlizing and Environment Modeling Urumqi, Xinjiang, P.R.China.

niu_wenyuan@163.com, zheng_jianghua@126.com*

Abstract-Studied the quantitative and standardization

evaluation of the quality of agricultural products, and the

information technology and intelligent method of agricultural

trade. Then designed and implemented an information platform

of agricultural trade, which is based on location services, web2.0

concepts and bilateral trade matching theory. Gathered and

analyzed numerous of supply and demand information about

Xinjiang jujube in Tamen Town, Xinjiang. Finally, we completed

on the design, implementation and discussion of the idea of

intelligent agricultural trade.

Keywords—Agricultural Products Trade; Location Based;

WebGIS; Bilateral Matching Model; Xinjiang Jujubes

I. INTRODUCTION

Supply, demand and prices of agricultural products have greater volatility in different production cycles, as they are perishable, seasonal and regional obviously, and most planting decisions in China may be blindness and following behaviors. However, the basic position made agricultural products associated with food security, domestic politics, and many other problems. Therefore, the agricultural products trade has a very special and crucial status in the area of trade. After the long term of investigation and analysis of the agricultural products market, we believe that we can make efforts to avoid the adverse impact of time, region and information barriers, achieve the idea of intelligent coordination and optimum matching of agricultural products trade market, provide support for the development of agricultural policy by using supply and demand information and real-time trading information

polymerized by the Internet[1]. The efforts will include the quantitative and standardization evaluation of the quality ofagricultural products, the information based and intelligent trade, and an information platform based on Web2.0 concepts and location-based services.

II. THE OVERRALL SYSTEM DESIGN

The main objective of the system is designed to provide a uniform connect ties and communication platform for provider,demanders and policy makers, aggregate information of supply, demand and transactions by the network, and provide real-time decision making suggestions for all types of users. Based on these design goals, the system is designed to a three-tier architecture, uses the concept of Web2.0 and the technology ofAJAX and WebGIS mainly, and uses the TIANDITU Web API and ASP.NET to implementation. It is shown in Figure 1.

1.1 THE EXPLANATION OF KEY TERMS

Three-tier architecture refers to the entire business application into the presentation layer (UI), business logic layer (BLL) and Data Access Layer (DAL), this stratification between system modules designed to enhance independence and internal tightness of each module, making the system easier to develop and maintain.

"Web 2.0" concept is produced by the Opreilly Media's Dale Dougherty and Medialive's Craig Cline in a brainstorming session of a seminar about Internet trends. Its philosophy is to focus on user interaction, the user is not only a web content viewer, but also producers of Web content, exerting the collective wisdom and energy with the power of the Internet.Web2.0 concepts and principles is the optimal solution foragricultural trade malpractice such as geographical

Foundation item: This work was supported by a grant from 2013 Annual

MWR nonprofit industry special research (201301103).

Author: Wenyuan Niu (1987- ), Master, Engaged in the study of

application and development of GIS.Email:niu_wenyuan@163.com

Corresponding Author: Jianghua Zheng (1973- ), Professor, Engaged in

environmental remote sensing and grassland disaster monitoring. Email:

zheng_jianghua@126.com

estrangement, communication and information barriers.AJAX is an abbreviation of "Asynchronous JavaScript +

XML", it is a Web development technology of usingasynchronous JavaScript and XML to create interactive Web applications. In a quantification and standardization system, must constantly check whether a user fills out the form datacompliant. AJAX uses asynchronous data transfer between the browser and the Web server, can be used not only to regulate the content of user input, but also to achieve the lightest of server requests and fast and friendly user experience.

WebGIS (Web-Geographic Information System) is a network of geographic information systems based on the Internet platform and running in the Internet, the client application software using network protocols. WebGIS is known as a really popular GIS, it allows non-professional staff can easily access to the geographic information services[2].

1.2 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

In general, the system uses the three-tier design, shown in Figure 1, the client is a Web browser, it is designed as a top-level, it’s responsible is exchanging data with the server and displaying them in a friendly way for the user. Business logic layer contains the map server and web server. Map server responsible for handling WebGIS business, map server process

Figure 1. System Architecture

these requests to retrieve relevant data in the map database and then returned to the client, and then combined with other map features makes WebGIS functions successfully. Web server is

responsible for All functions except WebGIS, the main business is getting access to the client's request, sending theform data to the XML service or component Services, when data is required exchange then them will be given to data access layer, the data access layer to access the database record is returned, then the processing according to need, the final result of the process is made to a web page and return to the client.Data access layer is provided data services for the business logic layer by ADO.NET manipulating data, such as savingoperating results data and returns search results and other data, RDBMS refers to a relational database management system[3-4].

III. THE KEY TECHNOLOGIES OF THE SYSTEM

The system mainly used the multi-model theory, bilateral matching theory and preference sequencing. This section will describe each of these key technologies sequentially.

2.1 THE MULTI-LAYER MODEL

The Multi-layer Model also known as the Random Effects Model, its’ research and application began in the late 1980s, it is a powerful tool for the analysis and processing of data with layer structure. In the procedure of analysis and processing theinformation related to agricultural production, we found that these information have layer structure apparently[5-6]. We can deal with the information as a whole or in part by introducingthe concept of multi-model information into Agricultural work,identify the hierarchy and the mathematical relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable,ultimately achieved providing scientific theoretical basis for decision support and policy formulation based on aggregationof large amounts of data. Meanwhile, the hierarchical structure information of agricultural products can also help to standardize the information and run the matching model efficiently[7-8].

After analyzing a large number of supply and demand information in agricultural market, we decided to divide the information into five levels, it means there are five properties group. The following paragraphs is the details.

Property Group 1 Supply and demand group, it contains two properties fields: "supply" and "demand", they are Boolean type.

Property Group 2 This group contains three attribute fields: "category", "species", "variety", "category". "Category"may contains "food", "grains", "vegetable", "birds", "meat", "fruits" "nuts" and other optional attribute values. "Species", give example with Xinjiang dried fruit, may contains "dates", "raisin", "walnut", "badam", "dried fruit", "other nuts" and other optional attributes values. "Variety", give example with Xinjiang jujube, may contains "Junzao", "Huizao", "Dazao","Lizao" and other optional attribute values.

Property Group 3 Description of agricultural product quality is complex and important, because the description may be incorporated into a large number of subjective factors and thus bring about economic disputes. We can achieve standardized and quantitative objective description by defininggrading standards and evaluating different factorsquantitatively. In addition, the properties which associated with geography have also been attributed to this group, such as the delivery location, location needed goods, transport distance.

Property Group 4 Including trading time, the number of transactions, whether to allow multiple supply farmers, whether to allow split sold, the maximum transport distance.

Property Group 5 Including contact information and product notes, etc.

Figure2. The Multi-layer model of P1~P5

The above analysis can be abstracted into a mathematical model of agricultural information: P=f{P1,P2,P3,P4,P5}. P is a function on the P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and standing for the overall description information, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 representative of the 5 property group sequentially. P1 ~ P3 has a strict hierarchical relationship, P4, P5 P4, P5 is no hierarchy but made the Multi-layer model of P1~P5 very appropriate with the logical of solving problems. The Multi-layer model is shown in Figure2.

2.2 THE BILATERAL MATCHING THEORY

The relationship between different parties is protean in

large scale agricultural trade, the transaction are inseparable from the satisfaction of the buyers and sellers to each other, sowe introduce the bilateral matching model based on Preferences Sequence. This model can be oriented for either side or both sides to find the most suitable matching[9].

The theory of the bilateral matching model based on Preferences Sequence can be describe as follow[10-11]:

(1) In the problem of bilateral matching, there are two sets of the individual.

(2)Presumed one set of the main collection is X = { X1

X2 Xm}, Xi representative of the individual which serial number is i, i = 1 2 m.

(3)Presumed oher set of the main collection is Y = { Y1

Y2 Yn}, Yj representative of the individual which serial number is j, j = 1 2 n.

(4) The bilateral matching means calculating and finding the X'⊆X and the Y'⊆Y, made the individuals in X’ and Y’ having a relationship of correspond to each other.

(5)The fundamental basis of seeking X', Y' and the corresponding relationship is Preferences Sequence. In such matters, each individual in one set must give a sequence of the preference degree to all individuals in the other set. The sequence is called Preferences Sequence, which could be write in mathematical formulas as:

Xi : Yi1 Yi2 Yin

The “i1, i2, ,in” is an arrangement with a sequence of “1, 2, n”, it means Xi has the maximum satisfaction on Yi1, and has the minimum satisfaction on Yin . The symbol " " means "better" (denoted by ">") or "no difference" (denoted by "~").

2.3 SATISFACTION VALUE AND COMPUTING THE MODEL

The Preferences Sequence can be seen as determined by Satisfaction Value, and the Satisfaction Value is depends on the property of individuals in the other set. In the Multi-layer model of P1~P5, some property is harsh conditions, forexample, people who need jujube cannot buy rice instead. But some property is elastic conditions, for example, the price in arange could be acceptable and generally allow to negotiate. TheSatisfaction Value means considering all the factors in elasticconditions, and scoring to all the factors and then sum these scores according its weight.

The mathematical formulas of Satisfaction Value can be

write as: = ∑ (1)“V” means the Satisfaction Value, Wk means the weight

of the factors in the order of K, Sk means the score of the factorsin the order of K.

The following discussion is about how to calculate the Satisfaction Value by property matrix and weight matrix.

Figure 3. The Template of the Properties Matrix

(1)First, establishing the matrix template of the main properties,set each layer of the Multi-layer Model as the line, and each layer's attributes as columns, fill the vacant position with “1”,the template is shown in Figure 3.(2)Second, filling the demand information and propertyinformation in matrix according the template, and then get the property matrix (N1) and the demand matrix (N2).(3)Third, establishing the attribute weights matrix (Nw) foreach individual, fill the vacant position and a harsh conditions position with “0”. The weights is based on the individual, and all weights sum to 1. If the individual had not set the weights,using natural break method to dividing the weight to all factors.(4)Fourth, getting the scoring matrix (Ns). Set initiative individual as A and passive individual as B, we will scoring B according demand matrix of A. Each factor in N1B can be given scores according to the factors in N2A.(5)Fifth, calculating the satisfaction score. Multiplying the matrix Nw and Ns and then adding the elements of the resulting matrix, the result is the satisfaction score.

IV. SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION

The work of system implementation stage was based on the overall architecture, we used ASP.NET to the development of client page and server-side component, and used “MAP WORLD” Web API to realize WebGIS.

ASP.NET is a part of Microsoft.NET FrameWork, refers to Active Server Pages, run on Internet Information Server. As a kind of new dynamic website development technology with

two main development characteristics, ASP.NET covers a variety of component technology, and fully packages the network communication between Web browsers and Web servers.

The method of embedding “TIANDITU” Web API into system is easy to realize, just need to input a string of JavaScript code in the tab <head></head> in HTML as follows:

<script language = "javascript" type = "text/javascript" src= "http://api.tianditu.com/js/maps.js"> </script>

After the introduction of the API, the basic function of WebGIS can achieved through simple JavaScript statements, including creation and arrangement of map, set basic controls of map, addition of dot mark and message Window, monitor and respond to map events.

Figure 4. System Overview

Of course this is just a simple example, this paper studied out a whole set of Web applications, which need to be on the basis of the combination of database based of the user's behavior create the various overlay information and label information on the map dynamically, this will be a complicated process, in consideration of this article from the global design and implementation of the system, here is no longer in detail.But with the help of “TIANDITU” Web API, we achieved all analysis and application related to the geographic space, including the track of the origin, supply and demand agricultural products, judgment of accessibility, estimation of distance, but the most important and the most meaningful thing is to the information visually expressed on the map. Once this step is completed, system is presented the results as shown in Figure 4.

V. SIMULATION APPLICATION

With a great variety and dispersion of origin, the qualities and prices of Xinjiang red jujube are very different in different

regions and different years. Combied with the vast area of Xinjiang, traffic is relatively backward, minority language access other features, foreign buyers to harvest inevitably encounter traffic travel, harvest overseas buyers will inevitably encounter traffic, communication, information and other obstacles, resulting in direct or indirect financial losses for both the supply and demand. Meanwhile, the quality of jujube in Xinjiang's unique climate allows producing high, is gradually becoming a farmers' important route to wealth, Xinjiang has gradually developed into the most important red jujube production base. Against this background, the traditional disadvantages of trading losses and growing, information technology and intelligent trading model is becoming increasingly important. The system to deal as a pilot project for the design and development of jujube in Xinjiang, and upon the completion of acquisition simulation applications to simulate real supply and demand data[12-13].

4.1 DATA ACQUISITION AND CONSOLIDATION

In order to verify the effect of the system, we collected 126 dates supplied data in fall of 2013 in the Tower town of Aral City at the southern Xinjiang, then collected 38informational messages from buyer's requirements from out of the town. Supply and demand information were in natural language, after initial summarize, they still did not meet the requirements for quantification and standardization, as shown in Figure 5. By the statistics, cumulative demand reached 3300 tons, all supply cumulative supply came to 2944 tons.

Figure 5. Database table structure

According to the system data quantification and standardization of principles, based on multilayer model in Figure2 to establish quantitative and standardized principles database, unified storage for all supply and demand data. Database table structure is shown in Figure 5. To mark is that exists only in a simulation of data link systems during the process of running open, will require the user to add

information must be in accordance with certain rules of supply and demand, and add data stored directly in storage.

Table 1. The demand and supply information

Field Demand1 Supply1 Supply2 Supply3

recordID 1001 1004 1006 1008

recordType 0 1 1 1

Variety

Level I II I I

Place

TMapLng 80.4892 80.5545 81.3369 80.7632

TMapLat 40.2332 40.7423 39.2545 40.6682

Distance 0 152 236 209

Time 2013.9.20 2013.9.10 2013.9.25 2013.9.15

Amount 50,000 35,000 25,000 30,000

Price 30 40 35 20

Divisible 1 1 0 1

4.2 ANALYSIS OF THE MATCHING PROCESS

It can be seen in the session of 2.3 that bilateral matching model of operation is mainly divided into two main stages, firstly, through the hard conditions determine whether a subject can meet the demand of the other party, when eligible to enter the second stage, that is computing satisfaction score. Operation this completed by application of this system, but here we cite a few data calculation process of the algorithm. For convenience, first of all, we just get through the hard conditions of supply and demand, one of the the demand information andthree supplier information. Their information listed in Table 1.

Table 2. The Score of factors computing table

Field Demand1 Weight Supply1 Supply2 Supply3

recordID 1001 —— 1004 1006 1008

recordTy

pe0 —— 1 1 1

Variety 0.25

Level I 0.20 II I I

Place 0.10

Distance 0 0.10 152 236 209

Time 2013.9.20 0.052013.9.1

0

2013.9.2

5

2013.9.1

5

Amount 50,000 —— 35,000 25,000 30,000

Price 30 0.30 40 35 20

Divisible 1 —— 1 0 1

Through further filtering into the stage of calculation

model, to grade by calculating the satisfaction of Demand1 to Supply1, Supply2, Supply3 respectively, factor weight decided by the fields users care by natural division method, computing process as shown in the Table 2 and Table 3.

According to the analysis of computational process above, considering the factors of user preferences can calculate the total score of customer satisfaction, the score of comprehensive considering the various needs of users, and can be used as preference sequence order basis of active matching party. Then the matching result of this case is, Demand1 matches with Supply2 firstly to meet the demand of its own part, then chooses Supply1 to match with, chooses the need of the rest; Supply2 has no remaining goods after matching with Demand1, and when finishes the match with Demand1, Supply1 will change the supply information and continue to wait for new matches, but Supply3 will have no proper matching.

Table 3. The Satisfaction Value computing table

Field Demand1 Weight Supply1 Supply2 Supply3

recordID 1001 1004 1006 1008

Variety 0.25 10 10 5

Level I 0.20 7 10 10

Place 0.10 10 5 10

Distance 0 0.10 152 236 209

Time 2013.9.20 0.05 9 8.5 9.5

Rference

Price

30 0.30 9 9.5 11

Total Score 8.05 8.275 8.025

VI. CONCLUSIONS AND PROSPECTS

We finally completed the intended target, and generatedsome new ideas in the process of practice. They can be summarized as following statements:

(1) The mathematical model of bilateral match needs further improvement according to the actual situation, more comprehensive consideration of factors which can determine people's transactions, such as the average particle size of the fruit, moisture, and sweetness and so on. And we can also expand the functions of the WebGIS, such as estimating the annual accumulated temperature.

(2) Result of the system is significant when we collected a large amount of real data, if the information is insufficiency,there is no difference with information barriers. Only based on

a certain number of information we can provide support to government decision-making.

(3) We can set up a multilingual relation for key phrasesof the system in the section of database design, so the minority language version of the system can be achieved quickly and efficiently. This is a simple task, but it could bring great convenience for the transaction in inhabited areas.

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