IDP Profiling in Sudan:IDP Profiling in Sudan:IDP Caseload and NumbersIDP Caseload and Numbers

Sudan has the largest IDP concentration in the worldSudan has the largest IDP concentration in the world 6-7 millions are internally displaced in almost all 6-7 millions are internally displaced in almost all

parts of the countryparts of the country The following regions host most IDPThe following regions host most IDP

Khartoum – 2 Million: the largest concentration of IDPs in Khartoum – 2 Million: the largest concentration of IDPs in a single location in the worlda single location in the world

Approx 85% from Southern Sudan; Approx 85% from Southern Sudan; 10-15% from Darfur10-15% from Darfur 4 official camps and about 30 unofficial settlements4 official camps and about 30 unofficial settlements Over 80% is estimated to live in temporary sheltersOver 80% is estimated to live in temporary shelters

IDP Caseload Continue…IDP Caseload Continue…

1.8 million IDPs displaced within Darfur1.8 million IDPs displaced within Darfur Approx 700,000 displaced in West Darfur where Approx 700,000 displaced in West Darfur where

UNHCR has mandate over IDPsUNHCR has mandate over IDPs Approx 1.8 million IDPs displaced in various Approx 1.8 million IDPs displaced in various

parts within Southern Sudanparts within Southern Sudan Most IDPs reside in rural settlementsMost IDPs reside in rural settlements

Remaining IDPs in elsewhere in the East and Remaining IDPs in elsewhere in the East and North of SudanNorth of Sudan

Pattern of Displacement and Pattern of Displacement and SettlementSettlement

Majority of displacement owing to conflictMajority of displacement owing to conflict South Sudan conflict since mid 1980sSouth Sudan conflict since mid 1980s Darfur conflict from 2003 - presentDarfur conflict from 2003 - present Eastern Sudan insecurityEastern Sudan insecurity Drought/insecurity in central region in 1980sDrought/insecurity in central region in 1980s

Different waves/Multitude of displacementDifferent waves/Multitude of displacement

IDP Settlement and ResponseIDP Settlement and Response

Majority of IDPs in Khartoum reside in Majority of IDPs in Khartoum reside in informal squatter settlements around cityinformal squatter settlements around city

IDPs displaced within southern Sudan, eastern IDPs displaced within southern Sudan, eastern Sudan and elsewhere reside in rural Sudan and elsewhere reside in rural settlements/villagessettlements/villages

Majority of Darfur IDPs reside in IDP campsMajority of Darfur IDPs reside in IDP camps

Response…KhartoumResponse…Khartoum

Government relations with IDPs is characterized with Government relations with IDPs is characterized with hostility and distrust – thus very limited direct hostility and distrust – thus very limited direct assistance and supportassistance and support

Access to IDP camps/settlements in Khartoum Access to IDP camps/settlements in Khartoum restricted by authoritiesrestricted by authorities

Humanitarian assistance – primarily my INGOs - Humanitarian assistance – primarily my INGOs - reduced in recent years due to competing demandsreduced in recent years due to competing demands

No systematic profiling of IDPsNo systematic profiling of IDPs Until recently no protection monitoring in camps Until recently no protection monitoring in camps

UNHCR Involvement with IDPs in UNHCR Involvement with IDPs in KhartoumKhartoum

UNHCR’s involvement with internally displaced UNHCR’s involvement with internally displaced persons in Greater Khartoum area is based on a persons in Greater Khartoum area is based on a specific request by the UN Emergency Relief specific request by the UN Emergency Relief Coordinator and the Humanitarian Coordinator. Coordinator and the Humanitarian Coordinator.

Our engagement with IDPs in Khartoum is designed Our engagement with IDPs in Khartoum is designed as a protection intervention, but clearly framed in the as a protection intervention, but clearly framed in the context of the return operation to Southern Sudan.context of the return operation to Southern Sudan.

While Sudan is not one of the pilot countries for the While Sudan is not one of the pilot countries for the IASC cluster approach for IDPs, UNHCR’s IASC cluster approach for IDPs, UNHCR’s involvement in Khartoum is still seen to derive from involvement in Khartoum is still seen to derive from this IASC policy. this IASC policy.

UNHCR Involvement with IDPsUNHCR Involvement with IDPs

The outlined strategy for the project is The outlined strategy for the project is focusing on:focusing on: community based protection monitoring;community based protection monitoring; enhancing protection networks and coordination;enhancing protection networks and coordination; capacity-building; and capacity-building; and ensuring IDPs have elements for informed choice ensuring IDPs have elements for informed choice

regarding their return. regarding their return.

Envisioned engagement in 2007 Envisioned engagement in 2007 UNHCR foresees continuing to act as advocate for IDPs in UNHCR foresees continuing to act as advocate for IDPs in

Khartoum, in the context of the return operation, through Khartoum, in the context of the return operation, through coordination and leadership in the PWGcoordination and leadership in the PWG

The majority of the IDPs express a strong desire to return from The majority of the IDPs express a strong desire to return from Khartoum. UNHCR would like to enhance the UN’s Khartoum. UNHCR would like to enhance the UN’s contribution to the overall IDP return operation by jointly contribution to the overall IDP return operation by jointly (Government of Southern Sudan, Government of National (Government of Southern Sudan, Government of National Unity/UN) organized IDP returns to selected areas. Unity/UN) organized IDP returns to selected areas.

Support would also be offered in the form of technical advice Support would also be offered in the form of technical advice and capacity building for the return operation, including and capacity building for the return operation, including registration, information dissemination, etcregistration, information dissemination, etc

IDP Profiling in KhartoumIDP Profiling in Khartoum

Two types of profiling in different times through Two types of profiling in different times through inter-agency efforts:inter-agency efforts: Assessment of socio-economic condition of IDPs with the Assessment of socio-economic condition of IDPs with the

objective:objective: To identify the reasons for the IDP displacement and their principal To identify the reasons for the IDP displacement and their principal

demographic breakdown;demographic breakdown; To determine socio-economic needs;To determine socio-economic needs; To serve as reference tool to support policy design and programme

development that will ensure assistance To Identify skill levels and IDPs’ needs for further training; Verify anecdotal evidence concerning re-planning process and plot Verify anecdotal evidence concerning re-planning process and plot

allocation allocation

Profiling Conti…Profiling Conti… Methodology: Random sample selection of IDP households from Methodology: Random sample selection of IDP households from

major IDP camps/settlements major IDP camps/settlements The 4 most populous IDP camps selected with a total 400,000 IDPsThe 4 most populous IDP camps selected with a total 400,000 IDPs Sample size of approx. 1,500 householdsSample size of approx. 1,500 households The sample survey covered the following areasThe sample survey covered the following areas

Socio-economic statusSocio-economic status Water, sanitation and healthWater, sanitation and health IDP/ returnee statusIDP/ returnee status Plot procurement and relocation impactPlot procurement and relocation impact Protection issuesProtection issues

Focus Group Discussions qualitative methodology was also usedFocus Group Discussions qualitative methodology was also used The survey report and analyses were widely shared through inter-The survey report and analyses were widely shared through inter-

agency forums and were used to inform humanitarian programming.agency forums and were used to inform humanitarian programming. Other issue-specific profiling were also done in IDP campsOther issue-specific profiling were also done in IDP camps

Return Intention ProfilingReturn Intention Profiling In Mid 2005 UNHCR co-sponsored IDP survey intention in Northern In Mid 2005 UNHCR co-sponsored IDP survey intention in Northern

Sudan. The Gov. requested such survey and was an integral part of te Sudan. The Gov. requested such survey and was an integral part of te process, providing IDP statistics and locations. process, providing IDP statistics and locations.

The main objective of the survey included:The main objective of the survey included: Carry out a survey to collect data on the intentions, motivations, and Carry out a survey to collect data on the intentions, motivations, and

concerns of IDPs regarding voluntary return to South Sudan.concerns of IDPs regarding voluntary return to South Sudan. Identify IDPs’ desire to settle elsewhere or their decision to remain Identify IDPs’ desire to settle elsewhere or their decision to remain

in current places of displacement. in current places of displacement. Obtain numerical estimates of persons who may be returning to their Obtain numerical estimates of persons who may be returning to their

places of origin in the next three to twelve months.places of origin in the next three to twelve months. Indicate geographic locations of potential final destinations as well Indicate geographic locations of potential final destinations as well

as planned return routesas planned return routes Collect basic demographic data (disaggregated by age, sex, and Collect basic demographic data (disaggregated by age, sex, and

family composition) and socio-economic information on IDP family composition) and socio-economic information on IDP populations.populations.

Intention Profiling Cont…Intention Profiling Cont…

Determine as to what information IDPs need to make an Determine as to what information IDPs need to make an informed choice about returninformed choice about return

Seek information about land and property in order to gather Seek information about land and property in order to gather information about potential problems or concerns of IDPs information about potential problems or concerns of IDPs about their possible returnabout their possible return

Include sections on advocacy and health relevant for Include sections on advocacy and health relevant for partner agencies. partner agencies.

Highlights the priorities to be taken into account when Highlights the priorities to be taken into account when planning return and reintegration of the IDPs.planning return and reintegration of the IDPs.

Intention Profiling Cont…Intention Profiling Cont… Methodology: Methodology: The sample survey.The sample survey. The estimated number of the IDPs considered for the The estimated number of the IDPs considered for the

population frame was approx. 2.9 million IDPs, living in 11 population frame was approx. 2.9 million IDPs, living in 11 states (54 survey locations) and corresponding to 482,630 states (54 survey locations) and corresponding to 482,630 households. For the survey interviews, 7,020 households were households. For the survey interviews, 7,020 households were selected and interviewed, corresponding to 44,238 persons.selected and interviewed, corresponding to 44,238 persons.

The process also served a capacity building purpose for gov. The process also served a capacity building purpose for gov. counterpartcounterpart

Intention Profiling Cont…Intention Profiling Cont…

Key findings include:Key findings include: The majority of IDPs, 68% of the total, said that they

would return, 11% said that they have not decided yet and 22% said that they will remain in where they are.

The decision to return varied by areas of origin. For the IDPs who originate from South Sudan, 80% said that they would return (78% to their place of origin and 2% to other village/town).

Other 10% of the southerners stated that they have not decided yet and the remainder 10% said that they will not return.

Intention Profiling Cont…Intention Profiling Cont… All respondents who declared they would return were

asked what additional information they would like to have for helping their returning decisions. The most frequently mentioned need was information on safe routes (43%).

The cost of travel and information on conditions at the place of origin were also mentioned by large groups (respectively 39% and 35%).

Information collected by the sample was used to develop Information collected by the sample was used to develop registration and profiling systems; informed options for and registration and profiling systems; informed options for and facilitate such durable solutions as voluntary return, local facilitate such durable solutions as voluntary return, local integration or settlement in areas other that the places of origin integration or settlement in areas other that the places of origin or displacement.or displacement.