identification of common - uaex.edu66 . ammannia (red stem) (ammannia robusta) arrowhead...
TRANSCRIPT
Identification of Common Weeds of Rice
Alligatorweed (Alternanthera philoxeroides)
Amazon sprangletop (Leptochloa panicoides)
66
Ammannia (red stem) (Ammannia robusta)
Arrowhead (Sagittaria spp.)
67
Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crusgalli )
Flat sheath, no ligule, no hairs on blade, no auricles.
Bearded sprangletop (Leptochloa fusca)
68
Broadleaf signalgrass (Urochloa platyphylla)
Crabgrass (Digitaria spp.)
69
Ducksalad (Heteranthera limosa)
Fall panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum)
Round sheath, ligule with fringe of hairs, blade smooth withprominent midvein, no auricles.
70
Rice flatsedge (Cyperus iria)
Gooseweed (Sphenoclea zeylanica)
71
Hemp sesbania (coffeebean)(Sesbania herbacea)
Johnsongrass (Sorghum halapense)
Round sheath; membranous, tall, jagged ligule; blade smooth with prominent midvein; no auricles.
72
Junglerice (Echinochloa colona)
Northern jointvetch (curly indigo)(Aeschynomene virginica)
73
Palmleaf morningglory (Ipomoea wrightii )
Pitted morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosa)
74
75
Red rice (Oryza sativa)
Rice cutgrass (Leersia oryzoides)
Roundleaf mudplantain (Heteranthera reniformis)
76
Smartweed (Polygonum spp.)
Smallflower Umbrella Sedge (Cyperus difformis)
77
Waterhyssop (Bacopa spp.)
Yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus)
Stems and leaves triangular, reproduces by seed and tubers.
78
no
cont
rol,
10 =
100
! c
ontro
l)(0
= sgnita
R esnopseR dee
W edicibreH ecnegre
meerP
Sedg
es
Yellow nutsedge2 8 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 0
Umbrella sedge 0 0 0 0 0 - 4 3 0
Spikerush - 0 - - 7 7 7 5 0
Flatsedges2 8 0 5 5 8 5 7 7 0
Broa
dlea
f Wee
ds
Water hyssop - 0 6 6 6 6 7 5 0
Texasweed 8 0 0 0 - 0 --
- 0
Smartweed - 0 0 0 5 6 5 2
Pitted Morningglory 2 0 7 8 8 8 5 - 3
Pigweed, Palmer 0 6 4 6 5 4 - - 0
Palmleaf morningglory 2 0 7 8 8 8 5 - 4
Northern jointvetch(curly indigo)
7 0 7 7 8 8 5 - 3
Indian jointvetch 7 0 7 7 8 8 5 - 3
Hemp sesbania(coffeebean)
9 0 6 7 8 7 5 - 2
Groundcherry - - 8 - - 8 - - -
Gooseweed - 0 3 3 5 4 6 6 0
False Pimpernel - 0 3 3 7 3 8 5 -
Eclipta - 0 8 8 9 8 8 - 3
Ducksalad - 4 3 3 7 3 7 6 3
Dayflower - 0 5 5 7 6 8 6 3
Ammania (red stem) - 0 3 3 6 3 7 3 0
Gras
ses
Sprangletop(tighthead / Amazon)
0 6 0 7 8 9 7 8 9
Sprangletop(loosehead / bearded)
0 6 0 7 8 9 7 8 9
Rice cutgrass 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Red rice 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8* 0
Fall panicum 0 7 9 9 9 10 7 - 9
Crabgrass 0 8 9 9 9 10 7 7 9
Broadleaf signalgrass 0 6 9 9 9 10 5 7 9
Barnyardgrass1 0 8 9 9 9 10 7 8 9
Herbicide MOA 2 3 4 4,3
4,8
4,13 8 8 13
Herb
icid
esLe
ague
Prow
l3
Face
t5
Face
t + P
rowl
3
Face
t + B
olero
3
Obey
(Fac
et +
Com
man
d)Bo
lero3
Boler
o4
Com
man
d5
79
1 Som
e bio
types
of b
arny
ardg
rass
are
resis
tant
to C
omm
and,
pro
panil
, Fac
et, b
oth
Face
t and
pro
panil
, and
New
path
, Gra
sp a
nd R
egim
ent.
So
me
biotyp
es o
f flat
sedg
e an
d ye
llow
nutse
dge
are
resis
tant
to P
erm
it, Pe
rmit P
lus, R
egim
ent,
Stra
da, G
rasp
, and
New
path
.
*Wat
er se
ed p
inpoin
t floo
d cu
lture
5 PRE/
delay
ed P
RE
W
ater
seed
ed
42 3 De
layed
PRE
**R
ead
and
follo
w all
labe
l dire
ction
s whe
n us
ing th
ese
prod
ucts.
**
eBr
oadl
eaf W
Gras
ses
no
cont
rol,
10 =
100
! c
ontro
l)(0
= sgnita
R esnopseR dee
W ecnegremetso
P ylraE
Sedg
es
Yellow nutsedge 0 0 6 6 8 9 9 5 7 0 9
Umbrella sedge 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 3
Spikerush 0 0 8 8 9 - - - - - -
Flatsedges 0 0 9 8 9 8 8 8 9 5 9
eds
Water hyssop 0 0 8 9 0 - - 6 - 3 -
Texasweed 0 0 7 0 5 5 5 7 6 0 9
Smartweed 0 0 7 6 9 4 8 10 5 0 7
Pitted Morningglory 0 0 5 5 7 4 5 5 4 8 9
Pigweed, Palmer 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4
Palmleaf morningglory 0 0 4 5 5 0 3 4 3 8 9
Northern jointvetch(curly indigo)
0 0 8 6 0 6 7 7 9 8 9
Indian jointvetch 0 0 8 6 0 3 5 7 8 8 9
Hemp sesbania(coffeebean)
0 0 8 6 0 9 9 8 9 8 8
Groundcherry 0 0 8 0 9 6 8 - 4 8 4
Gooseweed 0 0 - 9 5 4 4 0 - 3 -
False Pimpernel 0 0 - 9 0 - - - - 3 -
Eclipta 0 0 8 8 0 5 7 7 7 9 5 Ducksalad 0 0 9 9 7 3 7 9 6 3 4 Dayflower 0 0 8 7 5 8 9 9 7 3 8
Ammania (red stem) 0 0 7 9 8 5 8 6 8 3 8
Sprangletop(tighthead / Amazon)
8 8 0 0 7 0 0 2 0 0 0
Sprangletop(loosehead / bearded)
9 9 0 0 8 0 0 3 0 0 0
Rice cutgrass 2 2 6 0 9 5 5 7 0 2 0
Red rice 0 0 0 0 9.5 0 0 0 0 0 0
Fall panicum 9 7 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 6 0
Crabgrass 5 8 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 7 0
Broadleaf signalgrass 9 9 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 9 0
Barnyardgrass1 8 9 8 0 9 0 0 8 0 8 0
Herbicide MOA 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 4,2
Herb
icide
sCl
inche
rRi
cesta
r HT
Gras
pLo
ndax
Newp
ath
fbNe
wpat
hPe
rmit
Perm
it Plus
Regim
ent
Stra
daFa
cet
Gran
dsta
nd +
Perm
it
80
Face
t +pr
opan
il 4,
7 9
9 7
9 0
2 4
5 6
5 6
9 7
5 8
9 9
9 8
8 8
6 6
8 9
9 3
5 Gr
ands
tand
+Pr
opan
il 4,
7 9
9 7
9 0
0 4
5 9
5 8
9 8
8 4
9 9
9 9
9 9
7 8
8 9
9 3
5 Ba
sagr
an
6 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 8
9 6
8 7
7 0
3 3
3 8
0 3
7 0
8 8
8 7
6 Ba
sagr
an +
prop
anil
6,7
9 9
7 9
0 2
4 5
9 9
7 9
8 7
4 9
9 9
8 7
5 8
6 9
9 9
8 7
Prop
anil
7 9
9 7
9 0
1 4
5 6
5 7
8 7
5 -
9 9
9 4
7 4
6 6
8 9
9 5
4 Pr
opan
il fb
prop
anil
7 9
9 7
9 0
2 7
8 6
6 7
9 7
5 -
9 9
9 5
9 5
8 6
8 9
9 6
6 Pr
opan
il +Lo
ndax
7,
2 9
9 7
9 0
2 4
5 9
8 7
9 8
9 0
9 9
9 9
7 9
8 5
8 9
9 6
8 Pr
opan
il +Pe
rmit
7,2
9 9
7 9
0 1
4 5
6 9
7 8
7 5
6 10
9
9 4
7 4
6 5
8 9
9 3
9 Pr
opan
il +Pr
owl
7,3
9 9
7 9
0 1
9 9
7 5
7 9
7 6
-9 †
9 †
9 †
5
7 5
6 4
7 9
7 3
5 Pr
opan
il +Bo
lero
7,8
9 9 †
7
9 0
2 9
9 8
8 8
9 9
6 -
9 †
9 †
9 †
5 0
5 6
4 9
9 9
8 5
Aim
14
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 6
7 5
7 -
-8
9 6
6 10
6
10
9 3
7 0
0 3
0 Sh
arpe
n 14
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 8
7 5
9 -
7 8
9 9
9 9
9 10
-
8 8
8 -
6 6
Ultra
Blaz
er +
prop
anil
14,7
8
8 7
8 0
1 4
5 6
5 7
8 7
5 8
9 6
9 8
9 8
7 3
8 8
8 2
5
81
1 Som
e bio
types
of b
arny
ardg
rass
are
resis
tant
to C
omm
and,
pro
panil
, Fac
et, b
oth
Face
t and
pro
panil
, and
New
path
, Gra
sp, a
nd R
egim
ent.
2 Som
e bio
types
of f
latse
dge
and
yello
w nu
tsedg
e ar
e re
sista
nt to
Per
mit,
Perm
it Plus
, Reg
imen
t, St
rada
, Gra
sp, a
nd N
ewpa
th.
*Wat
er se
ed p
inpoin
t floo
d cu
lture
† P
oste
mer
genc
e co
ntro
l only
**R
ead
and
follo
w all
labe
l dire
ction
s whe
n us
ing th
ese
prod
ucts.
**
= no
con
trol,
10 =
100
! c
ontro
l) (0
sgnita
R esnopseR dee
W edicibreH nosaesdi
M
82
Sedg
es
Yellow nutsedge 5 6 3 3 4 0
Umbrella sedge 3 3 5 5 5 0
Spikerush 8 8 8 7 7 0
Flatsedges 8 8 5 5 6 0
Broa
dlea
f Wee
ds
Water hyssop 9 9 8 8 8 0
Texasweed 0 0 0 0 0 0
Smartweed 6 7 5 3 7 6
Pitted Morningglory 9 9 9 0 8 3
Pigweed, Palmer 8 9 7 6 7 6
Palmleaf morningglory 9 8 9 3 7 3
Northern jointvetch (curly indigo) 5 8 9 5 6 0
Indian jointvetch 5 8 8 5 6 0
Hemp sesbania (coffeebean) 9 9 9 8 9 9
Groundcherry 5 5 3 4 5 3
Gooseweed 6 8 7 0 2 0
False Pimpernel 9 9 8 4 5 0
Eclipta 9 9 6 4 5 0
Ducksalad 9 8 6 3 4 0 Dayflower 9 9 - 0 2 0 Ammania (red stem) 9 9 9 4 5 0
Gras
ses
Sprangletop (tighthead / Amazon) 0 6 0 0 0 0
Sprangletop (loosehead / bearded) 0 6 0 0 0 0
Rice cutgrass 0 0 0 0 0 0
Red rice 0 0 0 0 0 0
Fall panicum 0 6 2 4 5 0
Crabgrass 0 2 2 4 5 0
Broadleaf signalgrass 0 6 2 4 5 0
Barnyardgrass 0 6 2 4 5 0
Herbicide MOA 4 4,7
4,7 7 7,14 14
Herb
icid
es2,
4-D
2,4-
D +
prop
anil
Gran
dsta
nd +
prop
anil
Prop
anil
Prop
anil +
Ultra
Blaz
erUl
tra B
lazer
**Rea
d an
d fo
llow
all la
bel d
irecti
ons w
hen
using
thes
e pr
oduc
ts.**
= no
con
trol,
10 =
100
! c
ontro
l)(0
*)sdee
W regraL( lortno
C dee W eeve
L
83
Broa
dlea
f Wee
ds
Smartweed 0 0 6 5 6 8 0 9 9 7 7 5 7 7 - 6
Sicklepod 0 0 0 5 5 5 4 6 9 3 6 0 4 3 6 0
Prickly side(Teaweed)
0 0 4 0 2 3 - 2 9 4 3 4 2 2 6 2
Palmleaf morningglory
0 0 4 4 3 4 - 0 9 5 9 4 3 8 8 6
Palmer amaranth
0 0 0 - 0 0 0 - 8 0 4 0 6 3 8 4
Northern jointvetch
0 0 0 7 6 7 5 7 5 5 9 0 8 3 8 0
Hemp sesbania(coffeebean)
0 0 0 5 8 8 5 7 9 7 9 2 9 6 8 9
Groundcherry 0 0 3 - 0 0 - - 6 6 5 2 3 3 7 3
Entire/Ivyleafmorningglory
6 8 4 - 0 0 - - 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gras
ses
Foxtail spp. 0 0 4 6 5 6 3 4 8 6 9 4 4 8 9 7
Crabgrass 0 3 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 3 0 0 0
Broadleaf signalgrass
6 4 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 6 0 0 0
Bermudagrass 3 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0
Barnyardgrass 7 6 7 7 0 0 0 8 0 6 0 0 6 0 0 0
Herbicide MOA 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 4 4 6 7 14 14 14
Herb
icid
esCl
inche
rRi
cesta
r HT
Beyo
ndGr
asp
Perm
itPe
rmit P
lusSt
rada
Regim
ent
2,4-
DFa
cet
Gran
dsta
ndBa
sagr
anPr
opan
ilAi
mSh
arpe
nUl
tra B
lazer
*For
goo
d lev
ee b
road
leaf w
eed
cont
rol, a
com
binat
ion o
f pro
ducts
is n
eede
d, e
spec
ially
wher
e 2,
4-D
cann
ot b
e us
ed. A
pplyi
ng F
acet
or o
ther
resid
uals
prior
to w
eed
emer
genc
e is
reco
mm
ende
d in
2,4-
D re
strict
ed a
reas
.**R
ead
and
follo
w all
labe
l dire
ction
s whe
n us
ing th
ese
prod
ucts.
**
Herbicide Modes of Action and Resistance
MOA Herbicides
Weeds Resistant to This Groupin Arkansas
1
Postemergencegrass herbicide(ACCase inhibitor)Hoelon, Axial, Select,Fusilade, Clincher,Ricestar HT, Assure II,Poast
annual ryegrass
2
ALS inhibitor herbicide Newpath, Classic,Staple, FirstRate,Scepter, SynchronyXP, FirstShot,Harmony, Oust,Regiment, Permit,Finesse
annual ryegrass,pigweed, commoncocklebur, red rice,barnyardgrass,annual nutsedge,smallflower, umbrellasedge, and yellownutsedge
3 DNA herbicides Prowl H2O, Treflan,Sonolan, Barricade,Pendimax, Trilin
goosegrass
4 Synthetic auxinsFacet
barnyardgrass
7
Photosyntheticinhibitors (amides)Propanil(SuperWham, Stam,others)
barnyardgrass
8 Inhibitor of lipidsynthesis (notACCase)Bolero
none
84
MOA Herbicides
Weeds Resistant to This Groupin Arkansas
9
EPSPS inhibitor Roundup
horseweed, Palmer pigweed, commonragweed, giantragweed, annual ryegrass,johnsongrass
10 Glutamine synthaseinhibitor Liberty
none
13 Pigment inhibitorsCommand
barnyardgrass
14 PPO inhibitors Valor, Flexstar, Ultra Blazer
none
15 Acetamide herbicides Dual, Lasso, Degree,Outlook, Parlay
none
85
snoitatoR eci
R ni sedicibreH no
mmo
C rof slavretnI kcaBtnal
P porC
woR He
rbic
ide
Cotto
n Fi
eld
Corn
Gr
ain
Sorg
hum
Ri
ce
Soyb
eans
W
heat
2,
4-D
28D
7D
7D
21D
14D
7D
Aim
I
I I
I I
I Ba
sagr
an
I I
I I
I I
Beyo
nd
9M
8.5M
9M
9M
13
I 3M
Bo
lero
6M
6M
6M
6M
6M
6M
Clar
ity
21D12
I
15D
22D
14D12
22
D Cl
earp
ath7
18M
10
M
18M
18
M13
10
M
10M
Cl
inche
r SF
3M
3M
3M
I 3M
3M
Co
mm
and
I 9M
9M
I
I 4M
21
Disti
nct
30D14
7D
30
D14
30D14
30
D14
30D14
Ex
pres
s 14
D6 14
D6 14
D6 0D
7D
6 0D
Fa
cet L
10
M
10M
I
I 10
M
I Fi
rstS
hot
14D6
14D6
14D6
I 7D
6 I
Gran
dsta
nd
4M
4M
4M
I 4M
4M
Gr
asp/
Xtra
3M
3M
3M
3M
3M
3M
Le
ague
8M
12
M
12M
I
12M
12
M
Lond
ax
4M
4M
4M
I 4M
4M
Ne
wpat
h7 18
M
8.5M
18
M
18M
13
I 4M
Ob
ey
309D
30
9D
309D
I
309D
30
9D
Perm
it/
HaloM
ax/
Perm
it Plus
4M
1M
2M
I
9M16
,19
2M
86
87
Prop
anil
I I
I I
I I
Prow
l I
FS
FS
FS
I 4M
Re
gimen
t FY
FY
FY
I
FY
FY
Rice
Beau
x 60
D 60
D 60
D I
60D
60D
Rice
star H
T 30
D 30
D 30
D I
30D
4M
Selec
t/Sele
ct M
ax
I 30
D 30
D 30
D I
30D
Shar
pen
1.5-
3M21
I
I I
0-30
D21
I St
orm
10
0D
100D
10
0D
I I
40D
Stra
da P
RO
6M
3M
3M
I 9M
3M
St
rada
XT7
30
9D
309D
30
9D
I 30
9D
309D
Ul
tra B
lazer
10
0D
100D
10
0D
I I
40D
Valor
30
D6 30
D6 30
D6 30
D6 I
30D6
*Not
all
herb
icid
e lis
ted
labe
led
for u
se in
rice
– h
erbi
cide
s lis
ted
com
mon
ly u
sed
in ri
ce, i
n ric
e ro
tatio
ns, o
r for
bur
ndow
n.
ime
inter
val in
crea
ses w
ith in
crea
se o
f rat
e an
d so
il pH
level.
p
er se
ason
; only
Soy
bean
s may
be
plant
ed th
e fo
llowi
ng ye
ar.
app
licat
ion ra
te a
nd d
oes n
ot b
egin
until
1 inc
h of
rainf
all is
rece
ived.
Clea
rfield
Rice
may
be
plant
ed a
t any
time
afte
r app
licat
ion o
f Bey
ond,
Clea
rpat
h or
New
path
. o
r les
s use
d an
d 1
inch
of ra
infall
/irrig
ation
rece
ived
afte
r app
licat
ion.
Rota
tion
inter
val fo
r Soy
bean
s is 2
mon
ths w
here
pH
is les
s tha
n 7.
5.
ime
inter
val is
bas
ed o
n 8
oz/A
TT For N
ewpa
th u
se ra
tes g
reat
er th
an 8
oz/A
If 4
oz/A
STS
Soyb
eans
can
be p
lante
d im
med
iately
.
Rota
tion
inter
vals
incre
ase
with
high
er a
pplic
ation
rate
.
6 7 12 13 14 16 19 21
RainfallFree Periods for Postemergence Rice
Herbicide Time Before Rainfall 2,4-D 6 hours Aim 1 hour Basagran 8 hours Beyond 4 hours Bolero none on label Clincher 1 hour Facet none on label Grasp 1 hour League 6 hours Newpath 4 hours Permit/Permit Plus 1 hour Propanil 6 hours Regiment 8 hours Ricestar HT 1 hour Sharpen 1 hour Storm 8 hours Strada 6 hours Ultra Blazer 4 hours
88
Herbicide Injury to Rice
Newpath injury to Clearfield rice
Not common, but can occur under cool, wet conditions.Symptoms include yellowing and interveinal chlorosis (leavesappear to have yellow stripes). Symptoms can be induced whenNewpath or Beyond is tankmixed with another ALS herbicide such as Regiment or Grasp. Drain and dry the field to allow rice to recover.
Paraquat injury to rice
Symptoms include burned spots or lesions resulting in no yield loss unless filling grains directly contacted.
89
Glyphosate injury
Vegetative injury results in stunting, but may not reduce yields;however, reproductive injury can/will lead to potentially significant yield loss. Timing of injury as important as rate of herbicide.
90
Select/ACCase injury
Symptoms include death of primary shoots typical of graminicides.Injury can be severe, often yield losses are not great, but adelay in maturity is common. Often only the main or center tilleris affected.
91
Glufosinate injury
Symptoms include “watersoaked” leaves and yellowdiscoloration in spots. Typically not yieldlimiting, even with severe crop response.
92
Permit injury
Rare and usually in combination with very high pH, symptomsinclude bright yellow plants and interveinal chlorosis. Removal ofstanding water key to recovery.
Glyphosate tank contamination
Direct application of high rates can result in plant death.
93
Delayed Phytotoxicity Syndrome (DPS,Delayed Phytotoxic Shock)
Symptoms can vary but include excessive tillering, twisting oftillers and “fishhooking” of roots. Multiple herbicides includingFacet and Bolero can be responsible, in combination with theright set of environmental conditions or stress on plants.
94