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68 ICAL 2009 VISION AND ROLES OF THE FUTURE ACADEMIC LIBRARIES

AbstractThe paper basically prepared based on a sample surveyto understand the college libraries and librarianssituation in Bangladesh. Thirty three colleges have beentaken from different areas of Bangladesh as sample.Activities, technical works, expected library services,clienteles intention towards use and not to use librariesin colleges were trying to find out. The low paid librariansproblems and unavoidable situations were discussed.Reasons why libraries in colleges are not being usedeffectively and attitudes of authorities towards librarydevelopment, problems and prospects were dealt.Identified problems stated by producing tables and charts

with necessary data. Since the vision 2021 of digitalBangladesh an announcement by the Honourable PrimeMinister of the Government of Bangladesh were declaredtraining imperatives have been found out to meet thechallenge. Finally some recommendations were madeto develop and organize college libraries in Bangladeshas information resource centre and to making collegesas knowledge cultivation centre for educating nation inorganized way intending production of ethically honestand intellectual planners, state leaders and policymakers for the future responsibilities to the nation.

Introduction

There are near about more than 4000 collegesincluding madrasa, technical and vocationaleducational institute in Bangladesh. As a member ofLeast Develop Countries (LDC) college librariesdevelopment does not keep pace with developmentof other socio-economic units in the community.Besides, education in Bangladesh for earning degreesdoes not keenly feel importance of library services forreceiving knowledge although it is an essentialconcern for an academic as well as educationalinstitution. College libraries development closelyrelated to the development of value of college education

while colleges offer certificates and degrees formHigher Secondary to Postgraduate level.

Libraries are said to be the heart of educationalinstitutions. It is true when education of an academy

College Library Information Systems :Status and Recommendations for Development to Meet

Vision 2021 for Digital Bangladesh

M. Abu SayeedDeputy Director, Documentation

Economic Relations DivisionMinistry of Finance

Government of Bangladesh

goes well to cultivate knowledge rather than onlyawarding certificates. Whether most of the collegesare playing proper role to educate its population andpracticing cultivation of knowledge has becomequestionable. Role of libraries has come out as aprincipal issue in creating a study friendly environmentencircled libraries. It has been observed that librarydevelopment towards effective services was not takeninto consideration as it could have been. This articlewas prepared by a sample survey taking 33 collegelibraries with the authors 25 years of professionalexperience, that tried to find problems and

recommendations for solutions.Vision 2021 of digitalBangladesh found a national awareness building topic.Proper education can make human ethically sound.Colleges are such place where the future leaders canearn education to meet the challenge of vision 2021Bangladesh. Ethical knowledge with technology maymake students and community a responsible entity.By the use of libraries in colleges in various waysincluding information technological activities educationobviously will be a healthier experience for a student.A nation should utilize this opportunity for greaterinterest.

FindingsStudents awarded:In Bangladesh colleges do nothave any scarcity of students. Percentage of certificateawarded students is more than 70 per cent now inHigher Secondary level (Higher Secondary Certificatecourse of 12 years). A remarkable number of studentsare obtaining Grade Point Average (GPA) of 5 out of5. About 60 per cent students are being graduated ingraduate level and almost cent per cent students arebeing graduated at postgraduate level.

A statistics of public universities and colleges ofawarded students may be seen in the Table 1(excluding private universities):

In the year 2009 HCS examination 70.43 per cent

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69STATUS OF ACADEMIC LIBRARIES M. ABU SAYEED

students have been awarded for certification. (Jugantor26 July, 2009) The average percentage of last five yearsis 65.82 per cent.

Without consideration of the quality of education itmay compare to use of libraries in colleges. The surveyfound that 8.1 per cent students and teachers usecollege library. It is obvious that most of the studentsand teacher need not use college libraries. Thispercentage may vary between colleges of city andrural areas. But is can be assured that this differencewill not exceed more than two per cent.

Librarians remuneration:Librarians of the samplecollege librarians are not well paid. Most of thelibrarians are drawing money equivalent to 130-150US Dollar per month while the per capita income ofBangladesh indicates 470 USD as per world economicindicator (WDR2009). Of course this situation is almostsimilar in all public sectors job.

Users analysis: Out of 33 college libraries about 8.1per cent clienteles found users per day. Only threelibraries have 20 per cent users and 6 libraries have 9

per cent. The rest of the libraries users per day found1-5 per cent.

Problems of Library Functions:Librarians in collegesdo not have necessary facilities to prepare catalogues,bibliography and current awareness list for servicesin anticipation or on request. Although there are a verynegligible number of requests, availability of facilitiescould have made librarian enthusiast. The surveyfound, the working environment does not allowlibrarians to arrange any extended service programmein advance, like library orientation, library dayobservation, book exhibition etc. to popularize libraryservices to the clienteles.

Reluctance of use: During the survey it was tried tofind reason why students and teachers are not willingto use library frequently. The findings came out asunder:

a. Students do not find itl necessary to use libraryto sit forExamination;

b. Clienteles do not have much time during collegehours

c. Guide book available in markets are good enough

to have preparation for examination

d. Teachers do not search for necessary referencebooks for more study

e. Students are not advised to consult referencebooks available in college Libraries

f. New text and reference books as recommendedare not collected regularly

g. Due to lack of logistics, sufficient reading materialsand manpower librarian are not in a position toopen up the library and activities to clientelesdesirably.

What is College LibraryCollege libraries are the libraries that are housed in acollege. In these educational institutions, educationfrom undergraduate class to post graduation is givenin Bangladesh. Many colleges are up to eleventh andtwelfth class. These are actually called Intermediateor Higher Secondary colleges. Some are calledSecondary and Higher Secondary schools in whichcourses are offered from class six to class twelve.Some are called University colleges. Practically thereis no existence of this type. Other than university manycolleges have undergraduate and post graduate

courses, being offered. Unofficially these are calleduniversity colleges. The colleges may be classifieedas follows:

1. Higher Secondary College- only for highersecondary certificate course ,i.e. pre- graduateprogramme

2. Secondary and Higher Secondary School-forsecondary and higher secondary certificatecourses offer , run education from class six toclass twelve,.

3. College-for undergraduate and postgraduate

programmes. These are unofficially known asuniversity college for post-graduate andundergraduate programme.

In Bangladesh there are about 5000 colleges of theabove kinds (BBS,SPB-2008). It includes technicaland vocational educational institutions. We mayidentify college libraries which are offering educationin pre-graduate, undergraduate and post graduate levelfor general and technical education.

Expected Functions of college libraries inBangladeshInCollege libraries, librarians have to perform almostall supervisory as well as technical works with a limitednumber of technical and non-technical staffs. In many

Table 1: Percentage of awarded students in different level

Percentage of awarded students in different yearName of Courses offeredand Year

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Higher Secondary Certificate 28.42% 47.74% 59.18% 63.92% 72.60% 62.97% 70.43%

Graduate level(pass and Honours) 80.7% 56.7 49.4 62,7% 51.4% - -

Postgraduate level 84.5% 88% 75% 91% 93% - -

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undergraduate colleges this limited number of staffsare not more than two in number. It means frommaking approval by the college authority and arrangecollection of books including purchase to process andmake them available for use and keep propermanagement. It may be distinguished as under:

1. Approval by the authority (that depends upon thedesirability of the authority concerned)

2. Acquisition/Ordering of books

3. Processing of books (that includes cataloguing,classification, indexing, preparation ofbibliographies, i.e. performing job behind thescene process and doing work to make thosereading materials available for use)

4. Reference service

5. Reading room service

6. Circulation service (that includes charging anddischarging)

7. Other extended services to popularize library toits users, particularly to teachers and students.

Situation that makes College Librarians unpopular:

Most of the college libraries in Bangladesh exist in asmall room with a small collection (except in somecases). In most cases only one professional librarianis working and has to perform almost all jobs relatingto a library system particularly in non-governmentcolleges. Unfortunately librarians of this type of librarycan not perform their professional work due to lack ofa suitable environment. This environment means thefollowing:

1. Learners unwillingness to use library because itis not a must for their study;

2. Most of the teachers need not bother aboutstudying reference books for preparation of lecturenote;

3. Enrichment of collection is not positivelyencouraged;

4. Teachers feel better to private tuition rather thanself-explanatory classroom lecture,

5. Students study does not deserve to use library tosit for final examinations for higher marks;

6. Students may obtain very good results withoutusing their college libraries.

In these circumstances a college librarian can notwork purposefully. As a result the library and thelibrarian both become unpopular. These ways do nothelp environment to fulfill the objectives of a collegelibrary. Librarians are compelled to do some other job

as desired by the college authority or the head of thecollege. For the same reason in many collegelibrarians have become disregarded to professionalwork and find skills deterioration.

Necessity of college libraryAs general people understand education, they easilyunderstand the activities of college in enhancementof education. People undoubtedly understand andrealize the importance and significance of knowledge.It is recognized that college is a kind of knowledgeearning centre. All concerned consider library in a

college a central depository of knowledge. Socommon equation is college means teachers forlecture and guide to use reading materials, studentsto read and study, and library is the central point tocoordinate teaching and learning for gatheringknowledge that makes objectives of a college fulfilled.Theoretically the equation is accepted by everybody.The unfortunate happening is, without use of collegelibrary a student can successfully complete thecourse, pass the degree even with higher score andobtained certificate. Students interested to earn degreeor certificate rather than receiving knowledge. On theother hand knowledge is not always found important

to enter into a job in many cases. Political persuasionand zeal, to some extent political party influence ismore effective than knowledge and quality education.Obtaining degree from college at graduate orpostgraduate level seems political influence. Becausewhatever the quality and the knowledge is requisitequalifications provided with certificates easily allowsomebody to obtain a job if political influence works.In this situation students do not have courage to studymore by using libraries in colleges. Rather they dependupon senior students notes, low quality guidebookavailable in the market and maintain relations withinfluential people that is helpful for earning money or

to get a good job in near future.

Manpower Structure in College Library inBangladeshMost of the colleges had non-professional librarians.In recent years college authorities have startedemployment of professional librarians that is librarianwith library science education.

Now in many colleges have librarians with followingqualifications:

1. M A in Library Science/Library and information

science/Information science and l ibrarymanagement;

2. Graduate with Diploma in library science;

3. Graduate with six months Certificate course(Certificate) in library science;

4. MA in any subject with certificate in LibraryScience;

5. M A in any subject with Diploma in Library Science;

It is fortunate that creating a post of librarian ismandatory now to establish a college under the

National University law in Bangladesh. Nationaluniversity is an affiliating body to open any course atgraduate and postgraduate level in colleges. But it isunfortunate that the college authorities in many cases

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do not follow the rule. As a result those colleges areworking without professional librarians and wellorganized libraries.

College Library Situation (A Sample Survey)There are about 5000 college level educational

institutions in Bangladesh. For the survey 33collegelibraries in different areas of Bangladesh were takenas sample. The situation of those college libraries interms of there librarians qualifications, pay scale,collection number of teachers and students may beseen from the following table:

Table 2: Financial Status with Qualification and Number. of Books and Users as Per Survey UsersName of College

No. ofteacher(otherstaff)

No. ofstudents

No. ofbooks

Basic initialpay oflibrarians

Qualifications oflibrarians

Balirkandi Degree College, Noakhali 20(12) 283 1500 *Tk,5100.00 Graduate withDLSc

Syed Esha B.M College, Khulna 25 285 1700 Tk.3100.00 HSC withcertificate inLSc

Keshabpur B.U. Kamil Madrasa, Jessor 34(7) 500 2205 Tk.5100.00 Kamil,B.A with

certificate in Sc.Madrsa-E-Tayabia Islamia Sunni (Fazil) 26(10) 705 2600 Tk.3100.00 Kamil,Certificate

in LScGhior Government College (gradiate),Manikganj

33(7) 700 5000 Tk.6800.00 MA in LSc

Asmat Ali Khan Cllege, Patuakhali 22(4) 125 3000 Tk.5100.00 B.A with DLSc.Alaipur Degree College, Khulna 21+7 300 29,000 Tk.6800.00 MA in LSc.Coxs Bazar Govt. Girls College CoxesBazar

16(10) 700 4000 Tk.5100.00 B.A with DLSc

Mymenshing Politechnic Institute,Mymensing

40(30) 3000 3100 Tk.3300 BA,DLSc

Khan A.Sabur mahila Fazil Madrasa(Model),

25(15) 850 36,000 Tk.5100.00 MA,.DLSc.

Khulna Politechnic Institute 70(55) 2000 21,000 Tk.3300.00 B.Sc in LSc.Government Science College, Dhaka 26(40) 650 12,000 Tk.6800 MA in LSc.Teachers Training College, Dhaka 72(40) 1500 24,000 Tk.5100.00 MA in LSc.Jhaudanga Fazil Madrasa, Satkhira 22(6) 500 3,500 Tk.5100.00 B.ComPorsha Degree College 41(12) 862 2,255 5100 MA in LSc.Delwara Jahan Memorial School andCollege, Chittagong

20(5) 800 800 Tk.5100.00 BA,DLSc.

Fateh Nagar Wadudia Fazil Madrasa,Chittagong

18(4) 750 2,500 Tk.5100.00 BA,DLSc.

Moazzem Hossain Chowdhury DegreeCollege

28(15) 700 7,000 Tk.6800.00 MA in LSc.

Dasadi DSIS Fazil Madrasa 24(6) 350 4,000 Tk.5100.00 BA,DLSc.

Masud Memorial College (graduate) 75(15) 2,000 7,000 Tk.5100.00 BA,DLSc.Misbahul Ulum Kamil Madrasa, Dhaka 33(8) 600 3,100 Tk.5100.00 BA,DLSc.Kethuri Fazil Madrasa, Lakshmipur 18(5) 600 3,100 Tk.5100.00 BA,DLSc.Teachers Training College, Mymensing 40(30) 200 10,000 Tk.5100.00 BSc,DLSc.Baldia School and College, Kurigram 24(12) 500 1700 Tk.3100.00 BA.DLSc.Sundarban Mahila College 40(17) 750 4,000 Tk.6800.00. MA.DLSc.Kalaroa Alia Madrasa, Satkhira 25(6) 600 4000 Tk.5100.00 BA,DLSc.Hogladangi Kamil Madrasa, Rajbari 40(10) 1000 5000 Tk.5100.00 BA,DLSc.Kaputachsha Shammaloni DegreeCollege, Jessor

30(12) 600 3227 Tk.5100.00 BA,DLSc.

MA Majid Degree College, Khulna 24(11) 500 3,500 Tk.5100.00 BA,DLSc.Kashipur High School and college,Barishal

40(17) 750 4,000 Tk.5100.00 MA,DLSc.

Ideal Commerce College, Dhaka 28(14) 750 3350 Tk.5100.00 BA,DLSc.Textile Engineering College, Noakhali 35(25) 800 3500 Tk.3300.00 BA,DLSc.Rabita Model College, Rangamati HillTract

17(6) 250 2,000 Tk.5100.00 BA,DLSc.

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The Table shows the poor pay scale of collegelibrarians. In most libraries, librarians work withoutsupporting professional staff. They usually do notavail sufficient logistics or any other user-friendlyassistance for making a college library serviceoriented. The basic pay mentioned in the Table is thegross payment received at around 9-10 thousand per

month, equivalent to around US $130.00. They do nothave any other facilities to stand financially. This

situation is also disregarded on the other way round.

Present Status of the Activities of SampleLibrariesIn the questionnaire there was an idea that whetherthe librarians of the sample college libraries follow theactivities. The activities and their answer about

performance gave result as under in the table:

Table 3: Status of Basic Functions as per Survey and Performance Remarks

Item ofactivities

No. ofcollegeperform

Totalno. ofsample

Percentage ofperformance

Performance Remarks

Librarycataloguepreparation

4 33 12.12 Most of the libraries do not have cataloguerand cataloguing tools

Preparationof

Bibliography

2 33 6.06 Demand is very poor. Librarians do not feelencouraged. Even then 6.06 per cent found

active.It means authorities concerned do nottake care of an organized library systems

CurrentAwarenessService

00 33 00 Librarians do not have logistics to prepareCAS for user. They keep it in mind ,they knowits importance but, the y usually do not receivesupport by the authority.

Usersorientation

7 33 21.21 Although a limited number of users visitlibraries,librarians take the chance to have achat with the visitors ,i.e. students andteachers visit , not interested to use libraries.

Library Day

observation

3 33 9.09 The percentage of the item activity is very

lower. When the librarians of the samplelibraries were asked how to do it they wereunanswered. It seemed they have an idea tointroduce about libraries activities to the usersselecting a specific day but they do not havethe chance.

Book displayprogramme

11 33 33.33 It seems higher percentage. The samplelibrarians were asked about it. The answerwas they usually kept display some books in aglass door shelves for long time. It seems, it isnot a programme at al. It is placing most of thebooks or rare books in glass door shelves so

users usually are not allowed to use them.

Measurement of StandardizationThere are many researches to standardize librariessetup based on the size of the collection. Many opineand support qualifications and salary structure of alibrary should be based on the number of collection.This opinion can not be wise in the information serviceperspective. A library Service is more important thanits collection. Service only can be ensured byappointing a qualified information professional or alibrarian. Appointment of a qualified librarian needshandsome salary structures with remarkable yearly

increment. If salary is not higher, appointment of aqualified librarian will not be justified. A qualifiedinformation professional may joint in a lower structurescale for the time being. But there must have a system

to raise the salary gradually in days to come.Otherwise all the time a librarian will be thinking aboutlooking for the ways to give up the job for a betterone. As a result actual information service will not beensured and unfortunately this is happening inBangladesh. It is true that Bangladesh is facing a jobcrisis. But professionally sound job seekers will notwork with lower salary structure. It is universal thattalent never be suppressed. So, standardization of alibrary or information centre or documentation centreshould be determined based on the purpose of the

service and appointment of information professionalor librarian must be with higher salary structure. Theobjectives of the host organization or the intention ofthe body will be hampered.

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Teachers Encouragement to Students to UseCollege libraryThere should have such ways of classroom lecture sothat students are compelled to use library. Teachersare basically supposed to guiding students is additionto their scholarly activities. Teachers should use libraryand deliver lecture in such a way that can persuadestudents to use library. Teachers need to studyreference books along with concerned text books.Teachers demand of reference books and additionaltext books may activate librarian for more collectionand service orientation. Right with this situationlibrarian might take active measure for enrichment ofcollection. College authority may have necessary

positive reactions towards library use by the clienteles.

Library Users Per DayIt seems that the number of users is not negligible.Though it is not uncountable, facts gathered byqueries that students who live in the dormitory (basedon availability), due to lack of suitable environment intheir room to study mostly use libraries.The surveysays 1912 out of 26984 users use library everyday.This is not remarkable findings of a college libraryuse. It means students and teachers are not used toavailing library facilities for their study. The percentageof users per day as per survey may be seen from thefollowing Table and Chart:

Chart .1:Percentage of basic work in a college library

15%

7%

0%

26%

11%

41%

0%

Library cataloguepreparation

Preparation of Bibliography

Current Awareness Service

Users orientation

Library Day observation

Book display programme

Chart.2:Percentage of users per day

1%1%2%3%3%

1%1%3%

11%

3%

8%

3%

6%2%3%3%3%

3%1%

8%

2%2%1%2%

3%2%

4%

2%2%

3%3%3%

1%

1%2%1%1%3%0%0%1%

7%

1%

1%1%

2%

0%0%1%

1%

2%

1%1%0%0%

1%

12%

1%1%24%

14%

12%

1%1%2%1%

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29

30 31 32 33

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Table 3: Percentage of Users Per Day

Name of College No. ofteacher(other staff)

No. ofstudents

Total no.of users

No. ofusersper day

Percentage ofusers

Balirkandi Degree College, Noakhali 20(12) 283 315 55 18%Syed Esha B.M College, Khulna 25 285 310 65 20%Keshabpur B.U. Kamil Madrasa,

Jessor

34(7) 500 541 25 4.6%

Madrsa-E-Tayabia Islamia Sunni(Fazil)

26(10) 705 741 30 4%

Ghior GovernmentCollege(gradiate),Manikganj

33(7) 700 740 120 16%

Asmat Ali Khan Cllege,Patuakhali 22(4) 125 150 15 10%Alaipur Degree College, Khulna 21+7 300 328 20 6%Coxs Bazar Govt. GirlsCollegeCoxesBazar

16(10) 700 726 55 7.5%

Mymenshing Politechnic Institute,Mymensing

40(30) 3000 3070 300 9%

Khan A.Sabur mahila Fazil Madrasa(Model),

25(15) 850 890 60 6.7%

Khulna Politechnic Institute 70(55) 2000 2125 55 2.3%Government Science College,Dhaka 26(40) 650 716 40 5.6%Teachers Training College,Dhaka 72(40) 1500 1612 100 6.2%Jhaudanga Fazil Madrasa,Satkhira 22(6) 500 528 20 3.7%Porsha Degree College 41(12) 862 915 20 2%Delwara Jahan Memorial School andCollege,Chittagong

20(5) 800 825 55 6.6%

Fateh Nagar Wadudia FazilMadrasa, Chittagong

18(4) 750 772 55 7.1%

Moazzem Hossain ChowdhuryDegree College

28(15) 700 743 100 13.4%

Dasadi DSIS Fazil Madrasa 24(6) 350 380 58 15.2%

Masud Memorial College(graduate) 75(15) 2,000 2090 25 1.2%Misbahul Ulum KamilMadrasa, Dhaka

33(8) 600 641 12 1.8%

Kethuri Fazil Madrasa,Lakshmipur 18(5) 600 623 12 2.%Teachers Training College,Mymensing

40(30) 200 270 45 16%

Baldia School and College, Kurigram 24(12) 500 536 50 9.3%Sundarban Mahila College 40(17) 750 807 35 4.3%Kalaroa Alia Madrasa,Satkhira 25(6) 600 631 60 9.5%Hogladangi Kamil Madrasa,Rajbari 40(10) 1000 1050 1000 9.5%Kaputachsha Shammaloni DegreeCollege, Jessor

30(12) 600 642 600 9.3%

MA Majid Degree College, Khulna 24(11) 500 535 50 9.3%Kashipur High School and College,Barishal

40(17) 750 807 35 4.3%

Ideal Commerce College, Dhaka 28(14) 750 792 40 5%Textile Engineering College,Noakhali

35(25) 800 860 80 9.3%

Rabita Model College, RangamatiHill Tract

17(6) 250 273 60 21%

Total number of users and percentage 26,984 1912 8.1 %

Reason Why System does not WorkWith a little change from time to time the presenteducation system has been working continuously for

about last 200 years in this sub-continent includingBangladesh. History of libraries and recognition of itsnecessity are also proved indispensable though

recruitment of skilled and qualified manpower forcollege libraries was not taken into consideration.Even then libraries in colleges are not that much

developed and well run due to non-employment oflibrary information professionals. Particularly in therecent years some changes might have taken place

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towards development. Many college libraries now arerunning by librarians holding at least a postgraduatediploma in Library Science.

It might have happened by the advent of newtechnology in some cases. In spite of that in mostcases intention to educate students based on libraryresources does not exist for the following reasons:

a. Importance of obtaining degree is more desirablethan receiving knowledge;

b. Obtaining degrees became easier without usinglibraries;

c. No continuous pressure on students for the wholeyear in completing a semester or course;

d. Many colleges can not run their program withoutpolitical influence;

e. Socio-economic conditions do not encourage

teachers to teach very attentively;f. Teachers is many cases feel comfortable with

private tuition for subsidiary earning;

g. Size of the class does not allow teachers to deliverlectures in a noise free environment;

h. Dependence on guidebooks and notebooks isfound suitable for students to obtain higher marksand grade;

i. Students-teacher ratio is lower;

j. Many students have to think of earning money

during students life due to poverty;k. College authorities are more careful about good

results rather than quality production of students;

l. Library development in colleges is comparativelyneglected;

m. People in the society like early earning than earlyeducation;

n. Less payment does not encourage brilliantteachers to put more labor in teaching;

o. Overall quality of education and intelligence do

not have opportunity to contribute properly by theirmerit without political and elite groups influencein most cases.( Where there in no respect to meritthere is no merit produced at all.);

p. Inadequate library professionals for library works;

q. Discouraging enrichment of library collection;

r. Lack of professional as well as informationtechnology training ; .

s. Lack of ICT friendly environment.

Training Imperatives to Meet the Vision2021of Digital BangladeshLibraries are said to be information resource centrewhatever the place they exist. It is also called

knowledge centre. Almost all future planners, stateleader, politicians, policy makers have studied incolleges. Obviously their intention is to earn andreceive knowledge. This earning leads to takeresponsibilities in future to run own country relatingto anything that works for well being of the nation.Bangladesh, its colleges and students with teachers

are not beyond that meaning.

Students of colleges undoubtedly like to receiveknowledge such a way so that they can easily getthemselves ready taking accountability on their ownshoulder in future for the sake of nations well-being.Students ,teachers, policy makers, general peopleeverybody believes knowledge is power. Problem is,not to realize and implement accordingly.

The concept of Digital Bangladesh thrown by theHonourable Prime Minister of the Government ofBangladesh is to bring people under one network to

make the national activities accountable andtransparent to all concern. This basically relates theearning of knowledge and their implementation byusing information technology. Information technologyis being used by information professionals over theworld. Confidently the aspiration made by the PrimeMinister of the Government of Bangladesh has giveninformation professionals more dynamism in theirroutine work. For this reason the informationprofessionals or the librarians got the chance to bemore enthusiastic with best endeavour to promotelibrary services in every respective corner.

College libraries can be one of the most importantinformation recourse centres for the college as wellas the community concerned. Libraries are the primeplace to initiate new ideas and share knowledge withscholarly activities. With the help of informationtechnological equipment and their effective use forinformation services training imperatives should havebeen given priority. This training includes effective useof recorded knowledge of any general necessityconcerned in addition to books, periodicals, magazineand other reading materials including audio-visualinformation resources manually and digitally. As digital

information has got popularity by their usefulness andarchival value, for college libraries digitization mighthave become more important and effective by usingthis technology. College libraries may be enriched bydigital information resources relating to communitybased information service in addition to its academicobjectives. It can make the library more useful andenriching to all concern. Right to information maypartly be implanted by this way which may ensurepublic right to information as well as peopleaccountability. To use the new technology likecomputer systems and internet training for librarians

as well as students and teachers has also becomenecessary. It can be done by opening or makingexisting computer department of a college functional.This may help to cultivate students knowledge and

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implement objectives. Through these activitieslibrarians will be able to earn knowledge on thetechnology and users will be able to become

technology oriented that will be to the advantage ofusers of information by technology.

To meet the vision 2021 of the country college librariesin different areas in Bangladesh can play a vital role

in implementing the objectives.

RecommendationsStudents and teachers are the main clienteles of

college libraries. As the study shows this clientele donot use library willingly. They do not find it essentialto use. In this context following recommendations maybe taken into consideration for better use of and

organization of library:

1. Lecture and guide to students should be library

oriented

2. Ways of assignment and preparation of study

paper for examination must be library based

3. Ways of development of syllabus and curriculum

must be reference books based

4. Formulation of problems by teachers for students

solution for term papers or exam must becomparative study based so that students are

compelled to search information in books andother reading materials available in libraries.

5. Libraries must have a good collection

6. Skil led information professionals must beappointed with handsome salary

7. Libraries must have modern facilities includinginformation technology for use

8. The authorities have to be careful about informationtechnology friendly environment

9. There must be sufficient number of studentsorientation programme for college libraries.

10. College libraries should have extended libraryservice programme for well utilization of itsholdings

11. Education system should be knowledge-provocative so that students and teachersprimarily search knowledge in books and librariesin addition to other sources.

12. Libraries may remain open until certain hours afterthe teaching time.

References1. World Bank. (2009) World development report

2009.Washington, D.C. p.352.

2. Bangladesh. Ministry of Planning. BangladeshBureau of Statistics(BBS),Statistical pocketbook ofBangladesh (2008). Dhaka, BBS, p.365.

3. University Grants Commission of Bangladesh.(2007). 34th annual reportDhaka, The Commission,p.55.

4. The Daily Jugantor.Dhaka,26 July,2009.p.1,col.3.

5. The New Encyclopedia Britannica. (1985). Chicago.Encyclopedia Britannica, v.22

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