ib 140 midterm #1 + key february 16th, 2007pahc/tests/ib/ib140/... · 2016-01-20 · ib 140 midterm...

IB 140 Midterm #1 + KEY February 16th

, 2007 Instructor:

[email protected]

Student Name___________________________Student ID Number_________________

IB 140 Midterm #1 + KEY February 16th, 2007

1. Which of the following statements is true about steroid hormones?

A. made up of peptides

B. receptors are located within the cytoplasm or nucleus of target cells

C. GnRH, LH, and FSH are all examples of steroid hormones

D. steroid hormones attached to binding globulins are able to effect target cells

E. 2-3% of estradiol in the blood is attached to binding globulins

2. Which is true about effects of melatonin levels?

A. Very high levels inhibit gonadal systems in males & females

B. Very high levels stimulate gonadal systems in males & females

C. Levels of melatonin in blood of prepubertal children increase markedly just

before onset of puberty

D. Light exposure increases melatonin secretion

3. How are melatonin levels affected when the sun goes down?

A. No effect

B. Decreased

C. Increased

D. Increases in males and decreases in females

4. Which of the following is not produced by the adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary

gland)?

A. FSH (follicular stimulating hormone)

B. LH (luteinizing hormone)

C. Oxytocin

D. Prolactin

5. Which of the following hormones are released from the hypothalamus?



C. Prolactin

D. GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone)


, 2007 Instructor:

[email protected]


6. Which of the following is NOT true about control of Prolactin secretion?

A. PRIH (prolactin release-inhibiting hormone) is secreted by neurosecretory

neurons in the hypophysiotropic area of hypothalamus

B. PRH (prolactin releasing hormone) secreted by hypothalamus

C. Estrogen increases the response of prolactin-secreting cells in the anterior

pituitary

D. GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone) stimulates secretion of prolactin

7. Which of the following is released from the neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary

gland)?



C. Oxytocin

D. Prolactin

8. High levels of estrogen in the blood would lead to which kind of feedback on the

GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone)?

A. Positive

B. Negative

C. No effect

D. None of the above

9. High levels of progesterone in the blood would lead to which kind of feedback on the


A. Positive

B. Negative

C. No effect


10. Which of the following hormones acts directly on the anterior pituitary to selectively

suppress the release of FSH?

A. Inhibin

B. Activin

C. Follistatin

D. GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone)

11. Which of the following statements is NOT true about endogenous estrogens?

A. estradiol is the most common estrogen in the body

B. ovarian follicles are the main producers of estradiol

C. estrone is the strongest endogenous estrogen

D. estrogen is very important in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle


, 2007 Instructor:

[email protected]


12. Which of the following statements is true about progesterone?

A. mainly produced through the ∆5 pathway

B. moderate to high levels are required during the follicular phase of the menstrual

cycle

C. Levels are very low during pregnancy

D. Supports secretory activity of the uterus during the luteal phase

13. FSH receptors are found on which cells of the follicle?

A. Theca

B. Granulosa

C. Zona Pelucida

D. Antral cavity

14. Female germ cells (oocytes) enclosed in follicles are located in which organ?

A. Ovary

B. oviduct

C. uterus

D. vagina

15. Which of the following statements is true about LH receptors?

A. found in theca cells

B. decrease in follicle just before ovulation

C. contained with cells that specialize in the ∆5 pathway

D. never are found in granulose cells

16. Which statement is NOT true about tertiary follicles?

A. produce most of the circulating estrogen in the body

B. typically only one tertiary follicle develops into a Graafian follicle each menstrual

cycle

C. Each menstrual cycle, hundreds of tertiary follicles form in each ovary

D. FSH supports the rapid growth of tertiary follicles in the follicular phase of the

menstrual cycle

17. Where do primary oocytes complete the first meiotic division?

A. In tertiary follicle

B. In secondary follicles

C. In primordial follicles

D. In primary follicles


, 2007 Instructor:

[email protected]


18. How many chromosomes are present in the oocyte in the Graafian follicles just before

ovulation?

A. 46

B. 23

C. 24

D. 48

19. When is the second meiotic division complete?

A. Just before ovulation

B. At ovulation when ovum is released from follicle

C. Immediately after ovulation as ovum is entering oviduct

D. As sperm penetrates the ovum

20. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the ∆4 pathway?

A. Active in pre-ovulatory follicles i.e., Graafian follicles after the LH surge but

before ovulation

B. Active in the corpus luteum

C. Active in early part of follicular phase

D. Mainly produces progesterone

21. Penetration of the ovum by the sperm typically occurs in

A. ovary

B. between the ovary and oviduct

C. oviduct

D. uterus

22. Which layer of the uterus is responsible for the strong contractions during labor?

A. Perimetrium

B. Myometrium

C. Endometrium

D. Cervix

23. Which part of the uterus is shed during the menstruation?

A. Perimetrium

B. Myometrium

C. Stratum basalis of endometrium

D. Stratum functionalis of endometrium


, 2007 Instructor:

[email protected]


24. The labia majora in females is homologous to which structure in males?

A. A Foreskin

B. Scrotum

C. Penis shaft

D. Penis glans

25. The prepuce covering the clitoris in females is homologous to which structure in

male?

A. Foreskin

B. Scrotum

C. Penis shaft

D. Penis glans

26. Where is milk synthesized and secreted in the mammary glands?

A. Alveolus

B. Secondary tubules

C. Mammary duct

D. Lactiferous duct

27. Which of the following statements is NOT true about mammary glands?

A. suckling of the nipple increases the secretion of prolactin

B. Suckling of the nipple increases secretion of oxytocin

C. Elevated estrogen and progesterone levels cause glandular tissues to reduce in size

D. Oxytocin causes ejection of milk form nipples through contraction of myoepithelial

cells that surround each alveolus

28. Where does spermatogenesis take place in the male reproductive system?

A. Epididymis

B. Seminiferous tubules

C. Spermatic cord

D. Tunica albuginea.

29. Which structure of the male reproductive system is responsible for secreting fructose

rich fluid that nourishes that sperm?.

A. Rete testes

B. Epidydimus

C. Vas deferens

D. Seminal vesicles


, 2007 Instructor:

[email protected]


30. In a male, where is the large majority of testosterone produced?

A. Leydig cells in testicular interstitial tissue

B. Sertoli cells in the seminiferous epithelia

C. The tunica albuginea

D. Adrenal gland

31. The onset of menses is a direct result of

A. A dramatic decrease of progesterone and estrogen

B. A dramatic decrease in FSH and LH

C. Ovulation

D. Lack of ovulation

32. Which is the following is NOT an indication of ovulation?

A. mittelschmerz

B. body temperature decreases and then rises

C. cervical mucous becomes less abundant

D. positive fern test

33. Which of the following statements is NOT true about progesterone ?

A. High progesterone levels cause a positive feedback on GnRH

B. High progesterone levels inhibit GnRH and the release of LH & FSH

C. Progesterone is an essential component in oral female contraceptives

D. The exogenous progesterone, Depo-provera can be used as an injection to

“chemically castrate” male sex offenders

34. If a woman has a 30 day menstrual cycle, on which day of the cycle is she most

likely to ovulate?

A. Day 12

B. Day 14

C. Day 16

D. Day 18

35. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the corpus luteum?

A. Formed from the wall of the Graafian follicle that has released the ovum

B. Secretes steroid hormones that contribute to the thickening of the endometrium

C. Only produces progesterone

D. Four days before menstruation, the corpus luteum begins to disintegrate


, 2007 Instructor:

[email protected]


36. Moderate levels of estrogen in the blood would lead to which kind of feedback on the


A. Positive

B. Negative

C. No effect


37. Which of the following statements about Graafian follicles is FALSE?

A. They do not develop until after the onset of puberty

B. Usually only one develops per month

C. They are located within the ovary

D. Progesterone is not made until the follicle releases the ovum and the corpus luteum

forms

38. Which of the following is least likely to NOT contribute to amenorrhea?

A. intense exercise

B. modest weight gain

C. emotional stress

D. anorexia nervosa

39. Some mammals ovulate as a result of coitus. This is an example of:

A. Oligomenorrhea

B. Spontaneous ovulation

C. Induced ovulation

D. Monestrous

40. Which of the following hormones is most responsible for increasing libido?

A. Prolactin

B. Estrogen

C. Testosterone

D. Progesterone

41. Which structures connect the mammary ampullae to the nipple.

A. Alveolus

B. Lactiferous ducts

C. Secondary mammary tubules

D. Mammary duct


, 2007 Instructor:

[email protected]


42. Which of the following is not a component of the spermatic cord

A. urethra

B. testicular nerve

C. vas deferens

D. three coiled blood vessels

43. The entire process from spermatogenesis to spermiation takes how long?

A. 3-5 days

B. 10-20 days

C. 65-75 days

D. one year

44. Which of the following is NOT true about Sertoli cells?

A. nuture and provide structural support for sperm cells during their development

B. contained within the seminiferous epithelium

C. are phagocytic and engulf the remains of degenerated germ cells

D. new Sertoli cells are produced throughout the life of adult males

45. Which of the following is NOT true about LH in males?

A. stimulates Leydig cells to produce testosterone

B. levels are higher in the morning

C. has seasonal variation with levels highest in the Spring

D. supports spermiation

46. Process by which a diploid spermatogonium transforms into four haploid spermatids

A. Spermiation

B. Spermatogensis

C. Spermiogenesis

D. Spermiatresia

47. Transformation of spermatids into spermatozoa (sperm cells) capable of fertilizing an

egg:

A. Spermiation

B. Spermatogensis

C. Spermiogenesis

D. Spermiatresia

48. Which of the following is NOT true for anabolic steroids?

A. support muscle growth

B. high doses can cause infertilityand breast atrophy in females

C. can increase blood pressure

D. cause male testes to enlarge


, 2007 Instructor:

[email protected]


49. The function of which part of the scrotum is responsible for maintaining the

temperature of the testes at 3.1 degrees centigrade below core body temperature?

A. Tunica dartos smooth muscle

B. Cremaster skeletal muscle

C. Left testes hangs lower than right testes

D. Two-compartmented pouch

50. Benign prostatic hyperplasia

A. occurs in men and women over 45 years of age

B. is cancerous

C. DHT (5-dihydroxytestosterone) stimulates the prostate to enlarge

D. Symptoms of this prostate disease tend to resolve as men get older

ib 140 midterm #1 + key february 16th, 2007pahc/tests/ib/ib140/... · 2016-01-20 · ib 140 midterm...

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