ISLAM

Chapter 11 Section 1

THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD Born in Mecca

To poor clan of ruling tribe

Living caravan trader

Contact with variety of people

Many Arabs Polytheistic

40 years (saw the angel Jibreel (Gabriel)

Prophet of God

God (Allah) revealed verses

MUHAMMAD CONTINUED Teachings

Instruct others

Received more revelations

Kaaba (Stone building idols)

Muhammad People harassed

Journey Mecca to Yathrib (Hijrah) “flight or migration”

Muhammad followers grew

MUHAMMAD Ideas

Tribes began to accept ideas

Muhammad back to Mecca

Redirected the Kaaba (worship one God)

New religion called Islam (Arabic: “submission to the will of God”

Spread across Arabia, Middle East, North Africa

FAITH Believe in one God

Must obey Gods will

Followers were called Muslims

Qur’an Holy scripture word of God through Muhammad

Rules & instructions (living)

Sacred for all people

Written in Arabic

FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM1. The Profession of Faith

There is no God but God (Allah)Muhammad is the messenger of God

2. The five daily prayersRituals of washing, prescribed movementsFacing direction of Mecca

3. Paying ZakatAnnual tax used to help the poor others in need

FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM CONTINUED

4. Fasting during the holy month of Ramadan No food and drink dawn to sunset Reminds of self-discipline Dependence on the Creator Feelings of poor

5. Making a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once During pilgrimage Muslims meet and pray Perform rituals remind of faith Unity & Equality of Muslims around the world

MUSLIMS Worship in Mosques

Have no furnishings

Mats and Rugs (kneel)

No images as well

Men trained guide in worship

Friday Noon gather for congregational prayer

MUSLIMS DIVIDES Muhammad dies

Over time disagreements on successor (caliph)

Split (disagreements)

Sunni- followers “way of the prophet” settle religious matters

Shi’ ite- believers of Ali descendants (imams) should decide religious & worldly matters

Sufi – live simple lives centered on God, believe in God was mark of a person’s worth