i can read you like a book

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I

Can

Read

You

Like

a

Book:

The

Craft

of

Reading

Body

Language

By:

Greg HartleyMind at War

Presented at:

ACLEA 47th Mid‐Year Meeting

January 22 ‐ 25, 2011

San Francisco, California



Greg

Hartley

Mind at War

Shady Dale, GA

Greg Hartley's expertise as an interrogator first earned him honors with the United States Army. More

recently, it has drawn national level intelligence organizations and international Media to seek his

insights about “how to” as well as “why.”He graduated from the U.S. Army Interrogation School, the

Anti‐Terrorism Instructor Qualification Course, the Principle Protection Instructor Qualification Course,

and SERE (Survival, Evasion, Resistance, Escape) school. Greg has trained government agencies, private

investigators, human resource representatives, lawyers, and finance experts to read people and detect

deception. Hartley has provided expert interrogation analysis for major network and cable television, as

well as National Public Radio and prime print media such as The Washington Post and Philadelphia

Enquirer . Important foreign media such as BBC and Der Spiegel have also relied on his commentary.



Body Language and

Deception

Body Language andBody Language and

DeceptionDeception

Greg Hartley

Fight or FlightFight or FlightFight or Flight

• Head To Toe

• Impact On The Brain

• Baseline

• Head To Toe

• Impact On The Brain

• Baseline



Human CommunicationHuman CommunicationHuman Communication• Verbal

• Vocal

• Nonverbal

• Verbal

• Vocal

• Nonverbal

VocalVocalVocal

• Pitch

• Tone

• Cadence

• Pronunciation

• Volume

• Pitch

• Tone

• Cadence

• Pronunciation

• Volume



NonverbalNonverbalNonverbal• Gestures

• Adaptors

• Regulators

• Illustrators

• Barriers

• Gestures

• Adaptors

• Regulators

• Illustrators

• Barriers

Universal EmotionsUniversal EmotionsUniversal Emotions

• Happy

• Sad

• Disgusted

• Angry

• Afraid• Interested

• Happy

• Sad

• Disgusted

• Angry

• Afraid• Interested



FaceFaceFace

• Brow

• Eyes

• Lips

• Brow

• Eyes

• Lips

BrowBrowBrow

• Request for Approval

• Grief Muscle (Botox)

• Brow Beating

• Skepticism

• Interest• Flash


• Grief Muscle (Botox)

• Brow Beating

• Skepticism

• Interest• Flash



EyesEyesEyes• Movement

• Blink Rate

• Lids as Barrier

• Pupil Dilation

• Drooping Lid

• Feel the PAIN

• Movement

• Blink Rate

• Lids as Barrier

• Pupil Dilation

• Drooping Lid

• Feel the PAIN

Establish a BaselineEstablish a BaselineEstablish a Baseline

• Sensory Channel Questioning

• Control Questions

• Probing Questions

• Visual

• Auditory

• Cognitive Thought

• Emotion

• Sensory Channel Questioning

• Control Questions

• Probing Questions

• Visual

• Auditory

• Cognitive Thought

• Emotion



LipsLipsLips

• Fight or Flight

• Smiles - Genuine, Flight Attendant,

Nervous, Amused

• Concentration

• Control of Emotion

• Stress

• Fight or Flight

• Smiles - Genuine, Flight Attendant,

Nervous, Amused

• Concentration

• Control of Emotion

• Stress

Rest of FaceRest of FaceRest of Face

• Nose

• Forehead

• Jaw

• Nose

• Forehead

• Jaw



ExtremitiesExtremitiesExtremities

• Fidgeting• Self-Grooming

• Regulating

• Illustrating

• Steepling

• Idiosyncratic Behavior - Useful Tool

• “Barriering”

• Fidgeting• Self-Grooming

• Regulating

• Illustrating

• Steepling

• Idiosyncratic Behavior - Useful Tool

• “Barriering”

Non-Body “Barriering”NonNon--BodyBody ““BarrieringBarriering””

• Desk

• Book

• Clothing

• Status

• Keeper of the Flame

• Desk

• Book

• Clothing

• Status

• Keeper of the Flame



Human CommunicationHuman CommunicationHuman Communication• Verbal - Servant of the Will

• Vocal - Up to Highest Bidder

• Nonverbal - Servant of the Mind

• Verbal - Servant of the Will

• Vocal - Up to Highest Bidder

• Nonverbal - Servant of the Mind

Why are people suchGOOD liars?

Why are people suchWhy are people suchGOOD liars?GOOD liars?

• Most are Not Good Liars

• Few People Have Skills to Detect

Lies

• Social Pressure for Politeness

• Simply Placing Liar on Notice AllowsLiar to Avoid Detection

• Most are Not Good Liars

• Few People Have Skills to Detect

Lies

• Social Pressure for Politeness

• Simply Placing Liar on Notice AllowsLiar to Avoid Detection



Good QuestionsGood QuestionsGood Questions• Direct

• Follow Up

• Non-Pertinent

• Repeated

• Control

• Prepared

• Direct

• Follow Up

• Non-Pertinent

• Repeated

• Control

• Prepared

Bad QuestionsBad QuestionsBad Questions

• Leading

• Negative

• Compound

• Vague

• Leading

• Negative

• Compound

• Vague



Good Questioning/

Major Considerations

Good Questioning/Good Questioning/

Major ConsiderationsMajor Considerations• Source’s Knowledge: First Hand,

Learned Indirectly, Merely

Assumption, Identify Sources of Info

• Source’s Style: Time, Event,

Sequence

• Source’s Knowledge: First Hand,

Learned Indirectly, Merely

Assumption, Identify Sources of Info

• Source’s Style: Time, Event,

Sequence

Good QuestionsGood QuestionsGood Questions

• Direct

• Require Narrative Response

• Answered Adequately in Few Words

• Begin With a Basic Interrogative

• Provide Useful Info / Leads

• “What Were You Doing on Tuesday, the 14thof July 1988?”

• Direct

• Require Narrative Response

• Answered Adequately in Few Words

• Begin With a Basic Interrogative

• Provide Useful Info / Leads

• “What Were You Doing on Tuesday, the 14thof July 1988?”



Target Each Type of Lie

Differently

Target Each Type of LieTarget Each Type of Lie

DifferentlyDifferently• Omission - Forward and Backward Pass-

Micro Interview

• Commission - The Devil is in the Details

• Embellishment - Who Else, When, How,Supporting Details for Timeline Often Breakthe Story

• Omission - Forward and Backward Pass-Micro Interview

• Commission - The Devil is in the Details

• Embellishment - Who Else, When, How,Supporting Details for Timeline Often Breakthe Story

What Makes a Good Liar?What Makes a Good Liar?What Makes a Good Liar?

• Smooth Personality

• Adaptability

• Intuition

• Well Rounded

• High White/Gray Matter Ratio

• Experience• Poor Observation by Listener

• Smooth Personality

• Adaptability

• Intuition

• Well Rounded

• High White/Gray Matter Ratio

• Experience• Poor Observation by Listener



Get Down to BusinessGet Down to BusinessGet Down to Business• Transition from Baseline to Business

• Watch for Change in Behavior

• Schema Think

• Pare Down the Offending Behavior

• Bracket the Issue Surrounded by Deviation

• Increase the Pressure (Subtly)

• Transition from Baseline to Business

• Watch for Change in Behavior

• Schema Think

• Pare Down the Offending Behavior

• Bracket the Issue Surrounded by Deviation

• Increase the Pressure (Subtly)

Indicators in WordIndicators in WordIndicators in Word

• Conditioning the Question

• Distancing

• Repeating

• Moral High Ground

• Redirecting to Earlier Answer

• Conditioning the Question

• Distancing

• Repeating

• Moral High Ground

• Redirecting to Earlier Answer



Indicators in DeedIndicators in DeedIndicators in Deed

• Eye Accessing Cue Deviation

• Volume Change

• Mouth/Ear Guarding

• Tone Shift

• Barrier Increase

• Fidget Increase/Decrease

• Posture Changes

• Demonstrative Behavior


• Eye Accessing Cue Deviation

• Volume Change

• Mouth/Ear Guarding

• Tone Shift

• Barrier Increase

• Fidget Increase/Decrease

• Posture Changes

• Demonstrative Behavior


Time, Event, SequenceTime, Event, SequenceTime, Event, Sequence• Time - Will Not Think Outside the Box; Tight

Alibi with Little Room for Deviation; SkewedQuestions Raise Level of Discomfort

• Event - Big Chunk Thinker; No Concept ofDetails; Too Many Details is an Indicator;

Ask for Facts

• Sequence - Often Forgets to Take into Account Time Required to Accomplish Steps

• Time - Will Not Think Outside the Box; Tight Alibi with Little Room for Deviation; SkewedQuestions Raise Level of Discomfort

• Event - Big Chunk Thinker; No Concept ofDetails; Too Many Details is an Indicator;

Ask for Facts

• Sequence - Often Forgets to Take into Account Time Required to Accomplish Steps



ContactContactContact• [email protected]

• 706-468-8456

• [email protected]

• 706-468-8456

i can read you like a book

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