hyperfibre product user guide - chorus

Hyperfibre

Product User Guide Technical white paper

October 2020

Copyright

Copyright © 2020 Chorus New Zealand Ltd

All rights reserved

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any

form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of Chorus New Zealand Limited.

This document is the property of Chorus New Zealand Limited and may not be copied without consent.

Hyperfibre Product User Guide

October 2020

© Copyright Chorus 2020

Table of Contents

1. INTRODUCTION TO HYPERFIBRE .......................................................................... 1

2. HYPERFIBRE PRODUCTS ...................................................................................... 2

3. HYPERFIBRE OFFERS ......................................................................................... 18

4. HYPERFIBRE IN THE HOME................................................................................. 26

5. HOW HYPERFIBRE WORKS ................................................................................. 32

6. RESIDENTIAL GATEWAY SPECIFICATIONS ........................................................... 56

7. OPTIMISING CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE ................................................................. 58

8. APPENDIX I: HYPERFIBRE OFFER FULL SPECIFICATION ......................................... 65


October 2020 Page 1


1. Introduction to Hyperfibre

Hyperfibre is the next generation of fibre bitstream services, dramatically increasing upload and download speeds. Hyperfibre is a simple yet flexible layer 2 Ethernet solution that provides you with the ability to offer a range of broadband solutions, from Hyper-speed internet through to highly tailored, innovative solutions that can meet a range of current and future customer needs.

1.1. Purpose

This Product User Guide has been developed to meet the following requirements:

• Provide details of Hyperfibre, its features and characteristics

• Provide Service Providers with product and technical information, business rules and prerequisites for consuming Hyperfibre.

• Provide information on how Hyperfibre can be used in conjunction with other Chorus input

component services to a range of broadband solutions.

1.2. Products described in this document

This Product User Guide covers the following products:

• Home Hyperfibre;

• Small Business Hyperfibre; and

• Business Hyperfibre (including Education Hyperfibre).

1.3. About this document

This documentation has been developed by Chorus as a guideline for Service Providers who wish to purchase Hyperfibre in conjunction with other Chorus services. Chorus endeavours to make this

document as comprehensive and technically accurate as possible. However, it may need to be updated from time to time to include clarifications, errata or additional content. Feedback on the

content, technical accuracy or clarity is welcome and should be forwarded through your account manager.

Commercial terms and conditions are recorded in the Chorus Ultra-Fast Broadband (UFB) Services Agreement between the Service Provider and Chorus. Where there is an apparent conflict with

contractual documents, the contractual documents apply.

This document describes the public Hyperfibre offers and services that are available as of October 2020.

This document does not constitute an offer by Chorus to provide Hyperfibre or UFB Handover Connections.


October 2020 Page 2


2. Hyperfibre Products

Hyperfibre is an intermediate input service which a Service Provider can combine with its own network or other Chorus products to provide a range of own branded broadband enabled solutions and applications such as Hyper-speed internet access or complex business solutions.

The Hyperfibre product supports the exchange of data between a Customer and a Service Provider Point of Presence by the use of Operator Virtual Connection (OVC) services. An OVC service is the association between a User Network Interface (UNI) located at the Customer site and an External Network to Network Interface (E-NNI) located at the Point of Interconnect (POI), combined with the

accompanying traffic policies.

Hyperfibre supports the following types of OVC:

Product Service Description

Mode OVC Type

Home Hyperfibre Hyperfibre 2 RGW Residential Gateway + Access-

EVPL

Bridged Access-EVPL

Small Business Hyperfibre Hyperfibre 2 RGW Residential Gateway + Access-

EVPL

Bridged Access-EVPL

Business Hyperfibre1 Hyperfibre 3a Bridged Access-EPL

Hyperfibre Access

Hyperfibre 2 (Residential Gateway mode)

POIHandoverConnection

End UserDomain

Access-EVPL

AggregationNetwork1 x 100M/1G/2.5G/5G/10Gbps

4 x 10/100/1000 Mbp

2 x ATA Port

802.11n 3x3 MIMO in 2.4GHz 802.11ac 4x4 MIMO in 5GHz

Splitter

Service Provider

Network POP

Point to Multipoint fibre Backhaul Services

Hyperfibre ONT

E-N

NI

Hyperfibre 2 (Bridged mode)

Access-EVPL

Web GUI

Hyperfibre 3a (Bridged mode)

Access-EPL

1 x 100M/1G/2.5G/5G/10Gbps

4 x 10/100/1000 Mbp

2 x ATA Port


Residential

Gateway Function

1 x 100M/1G/2.5G/5G/10Gbps

1 x 100M/1G/2.5G/5G/10Gbps

XGSPONenabled

OLT

OLTCeX

XGSPON

GPON

Figure 1 Hyperfibre Services

1 Business Hyperfibre includes Education Hyperfibre Offers, which are only available to an approved

list of Education Priority Users agreed between Chorus and MBIE.


October 2020 Page 3


2.1. Hyperfibre Product comparison

The following table shows a high-level comparison of features for the different Hyperfibre products:

Feature

Evolv

e

Hom

e

Hyp

erfi

bre

Sm

all

Bu

sin

ess

Fib

re

Sm

all

Bu

sin

ess

Hyp

erfi

bre

Bu

sin

ess

Bu

sin

ess

Hyp

erfi

bre

OVC Type

Access-E

VPL

Access-E

VPL

Access-E

VPL

Access-E

VPL

Access-E

PL

Access-E

PL

Access technology GPON XGS GPON XGS GPON XGS

Bitstream variant 2 HF2 2 HF2 3/3a HF3a

VLAN Transparent - - - - ● ●

High Traffic Class ● ● ● ● ● ●

Low Traffic Class ● ● ● ● ● ●

Single Class (High Traffic Class only) - - - - ● -

10Gbps UNI 1 1 1

1 Gbps UNI 4 4 4 4 4 4

Wi-Fi * ● * ●

Number of ATA Ports 1-2 2 1-2 2 1-2 2

NGA Voice (bridged mode) ● - ● - ● -

RGW Mode (selectable per order) * ● * ● - -

Service ID Insertion ● ● ● ● - -

E-NNI MTU 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000

Egress Colour Marking ● - ● - ● -

UNI tagging on/off ● ● ● ● On On

Maximum MAC Addresses 16 16 32 32 64 64

Select handover per service ● ● ● ● ● ●

Select handover VLAN per service ● ● ● ● ● ●

Tail Extension ● - ● - ● -

Assure SLA Std Std Ent Ent Ent Ent

Where

* = Under development;

Std = Standard Assure SLA;

Ent = Enterprise Assure SLA

Bitstream Variant:

2 = Bitstream 2.

3/3a = Bitstream 3/3a.

HF2 = Hyperfibre 2.

HF3a = Hyperfibre 3a


October 2020 Page 4


2.2. Relationship with other Chorus products

Hyperfibre can be combined with a number of Chorus input products such as UFB Handover Connections, DFAS, ICABs, Chorus Regional Transport and Commercial Co-location, as shown below.

Home HyperfibreAccess-EVPL

Small Business HyperfibreAccess-EVPL

CustomerServices

Experience

PremisesNetworking

Direct Fibre Access

Co-location

ICABS/CRT

Third Party Backhaul

POIUNI

Business HyperfibreAccess-EPL

UFBHandover

ConnectionRGW Mode

Figure 2 Combining Hyperfibre with other Chorus products

UFB Handover Connections, Direct Fibre Access, Collocation, ICABS and Chorus Regional Transport

are described in separate documents.

2.3. Hyperfibre and standards

Hyperfibre is based on the following industry standards:

Standard Alignment

TCF Hyperfibre delivers services aligned with the TCF UFB Ethernet Access Service

Description v33, 11 May 2017.

• Home Hyperfibre and Small Business Hyperfibre are XGSPON variants of the TCF Mass Market service, with an optional Residential Gateway function;

• Business Hyperfibre is an XGSPON variant of the TCF Business service.

MEF Hyperfibre delivers services aligned with MEF 51 OVC Services Definition (2015)

as follows:

• Home Hyperfibre and Small Business Hyperfibre in bridged mode use Access–EVPLs;

• Home Hyperfibre and Small Business Hyperfibre in RGW mode use an Access-EVPL that connects a Residential Gateway function in the Hyperfibre ONT to an E-NNI located at a POI.

• Business Hyperfibre 3a uses Access-EPLs;

Note that XGSPON uses dynamic bandwidth allocation, which negates the need for

an upstream ingress policer at the UNI.


October 2020 Page 5


2.4. Hyperfibre features and characteristics

Hyperfibre is a simple but flexible Layer 2 XGSPON solution that is suitable for simple or complex Service Provider solutions. Hyperfibre includes the following

features:

Feature Possible Values Product Assigned values

Public Status Public/Private All Set per offer

Primary Status Primary/Secondary All Primary

Offer Segment Consumer/Business/Education All Set per offer

Offer Classification Standard / Business Standard / Business Premium Home Standard

Small Business Business Standard

Business Business Premium

Assure Wrapper Standard/Enterprise Home Standard

Small Business Enterprise

Business Enterprise

OVC Type Access-EVPL

Residential Gateway + Access-EVPL

Access-EPL

Home Access-EVPL (Bridged mode)

Residential Gateway + Access-EVPL (RGW mode)

Small Business Access-EVPL (Bridged mode)

Residential Gateway + Access-EVPL (RGW mode)

Business Access-EPL

ONT Mode Bridged/RGW Home RGW/Bridged

Small Business Bridged/RGW

Business Bridged

RGW Voice On/Off (RGW mode only) All Off

Number of UNIs 0-1 (Bridged mode only) All 1 per Offer

Number of OVCs 0-1 All 1 per Offer

OVC Bandwidth profile Low CIR/CBS/EIR/EBS

High CIR/CBS/EIR/EBS

Home Fixed per offer

Small Business Fixed per offer

Business Low Traffic Class fixed per Offer. High Traffic per service request

UNI VLAN ID VLAN per OVC or VLAN Transparent Home Defined per offer, default = 10

Small Business Defined per offer, default = 10

Business VLAN Transparent


October 2020 Page 6


Feature Possible Values Product Assigned values

Service ID Insertion On/Off Home Set per Service Request

Small Business Per Service Request

Business Off

Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) 2000 bytes at E-NNI

1996 bytes at UNI

All Fixed

UNI Tagging Tagged/Untagged (bridged mode only) Home Set per Service Request

Small Business Set per Service Request

Business Transparent

Egress Colour Marking On/Off All Not applicable

Handover Mapping Pre-mapped/Per service request All Per service request

Pre-mapped is default

E-NNI VLAN ID SVID/CVID or SVID Home SVID/CVID per service request; or

Chorus algorithm

Small Business SVID/CVID per service request; or

Chorus algorithm

Business SVID per service request; or

Chorus algorithm

Tail Extension Steps S/A/B/C/D All Not applicable

Premises Networking Multiple options All Per service request

Where:

• Fixed – values cannot be changed.

• Per offer - values are set per offer and are changed using the Chorus Co-Innovation Model.

• Per service request – values can be changed or modified per service instance using a Modify service request. They may be pre-set for private offers.


October 2020 Page 7


2.4.1. Public Status

The public status identifies whether a particular offer is selectable by any Service Provider, or only available to a specific Service Provider. There are two possible values:

Public Status Description

Public These offers are available to any Service Provider who wants to consume them.

If a Service Provider decides to consume a particular offer, then it will be made available through the Hyperfibre ordering channel.

Private Private offers are only available to an individual Service Provider. They are developed using the Chorus Co-Innovation Model using non-discriminatory building blocks.

Many of the per-service request attributes will be pre-set for private offers.

See section 3.2 for more information.

Public status is assigned to an offer, i.e. it is not selectable per service request.

2.4.2. Primary Status

The primary status identifies whether an offer is standalone or not. There are two possible values:

Primary Status Description

Primary A Primary offer can be offered standalone. Customers do not need to consume other Hyperfibre Offers in order for the offer to be provided, i.e. it can be the only Hyperfibre offer provided on the ONT.

Secondary A Secondary offer is one that can be added as an additional service to a Customer who is already consuming one or more offers, one of which must be a primary offer. That is, there must be at least one Primary Hyperfibre offer

provided on the ONT.

If all Primary Hyperfibre Offers are removed from the ONT then the Secondary Offer must either be replaced by a Primary Offer or removed.

Primary status is assigned to an offer, i.e. it is not selectable per service request.

Secondary offers are not available at this stage, see 2.5.

2.4.3. Offer Segment

All Hyperfibre Offers have a Market Segment attribute that indicate what Market segments can use the Offer.

Segment Description

Residential Indicates that Residential SLAs and pricing applies.

Business Indicates that Business SLAs and pricing applies. Residential and Priority Users

may request these offers but Business SLAs and pricing applies.

Education Indicates the offer is restricted to selected education providers as agreed between

Chorus and MoE. Special conditions apply

Segment is defined per offer.


October 2020 Page 8


2.4.4. Offer Classification

Each offer is assigned an Offer classification, which impacts their install experience:

Classification Description

Standard Supports a typical residential install experience.

Business Standard Supports a typical business install experience.

Business Premium Adds a business wrapper to the business install experience that provides

a dedicated fulfil team to manage quotes, consents and handle escalations and coordination.

This attribute is set per offer.

2.4.5. Assure Wrapper

Chorus offers three assure experiences:

Experience Response Offers Description

Consumer 12 hours Home Hyperfibre Consumer services are restored by the end

of the day following the day on which downtime is reported.

Enterprise 6 hours Small Business

Hyperfibre

Business Hyperfibre

Enterprise services are restored based on

when downtime is reported:

• Before midday, service is restored before

7pm on same day;

• Between midday and 7pm, service is restored by midday on the following day; and

• After 7pm, service is restored by 7pm

the following day.

Critical Response

2 hours All Have a technician at the site of the fault within two hours.

This can be requested per fault report and overrides the Consumer / Enterprise service level.

Where response indicates the maximum time before restore technicians are on site to commence

restoration, noting that critical response will depend on resources being available.

2.4.6. OVC Type

Hyperfibre supports the following OVC types:

OVC Type Product RGW Mode

Access-EVPL Home Hyperfibre

Small Business Hyperfibre

Bridged Associates a single CE-VLAN on

a UNI on the Hyperfibre ONT to an S-VLAN/C-VLAN on the E-NNI at the POI

Residential Gateway + Access-EVPL

Home Hyperfibre


RGW Associates the Residential Gateway function on the Hyperfibre ONT to an S-

VLAN/C-VLAN on the E-NNI at the POI


October 2020 Page 9


OVC Type Product RGW Mode

Access-EPL Business Hyperfibre Bridged Associates a transparent VLAN UNI on the Hyperfibre ONT to an S-VLAN on the E-NNI at the

POI

CE-VLANs are carried transparently and delivered as Customer VLANs on the S-

VLAN.

OVC type is set by Product and RGW Mode offer characteristic, which can be changed by Service

Request.

2.4.7. ONT Mode

Hyperfibre ONTs can be configured in two modes:

Mode Valid Offers Ports Description

RGW Home Hyperfibre


10GigE (1)

1 GigE (4)

Wi-Fi (2.5, 5 GHz)

ATA (2)

USB (2)

The Hyperfibre ONT Residential

Gateway function is connected to the Access-EVPL and configured with a default Service Provider-specific configuration.

The Service Provider and Customer can

subsequently configure the Residential Gateway features and attributes using a local Web GUI (including changing GigE port to bridge mode)

Bridged Home Hyperfibre


Business Hyperfibre

Education Hyperfibre

10GigE Access-EVPL is delivered to 10GigE UNI

as single VLAN (VLAN Id = 10);

Access-EPL is delivered to 10GigE UNI as a transparent VLAN.

Home Hyperfibre and Small Business Hyperfibre offers can select RGW or Bridged mode via Service

Request.

Business Hyperfibre is always Bridged mode.

Bridged mode is also known as ONT mode.

2.4.8. RGW Voice

Hyperfibre does not support NGA Voice as a separate service.

The Hyperfibre ONT includes two ATA ports, that can be accessed by the Residential Gateway function when the ONT is in RGW mode. These ATA ports use a single SIP User agent that uses NZ voice standards.

RGW Voice services are configured using the Chorus Remote Management Service or associated APIs.

2.4.9. Number of UNIs

Hyperfibre Offers support one UNI in bridged mode.

Mode UNI Description

Bridged 1 The Access-EPL or Access-EVPL terminates on the Hyperfibre ONT 10GigE UNI


October 2020 Page 10


Mode UNI Description

RGW 0 The Access-EVPL terminates on the Hyperfibre ONT Residential Gateway function, i.e. is internal to the ONT.

The Hyperfibre ONT ports are associated with the Residential Gateway function and are part of the Residential Gateway.

2.4.10. Number of OVCs

Hyperfibre supports a single OVC per product instance.

This OVC terminates on the 10GigE UNI in bridged mode or the Residential Gateway function in RGW mode.

2.4.11. Access Rate

Hyperfibre 3a Offers have an Access Rate, which defines the maximum bandwidth a Customer can

consume on that offer and is defined as:

Access Rate High Traffic Class Low Traffic Class

3/3 Gbps 10-100 Mbps 2200 Mbps

5/5 Gbps 10-100 Mbps 4400 Mbps

10/10 Gbps 10-100 Mbps 8400 Mbps

2.4.12. Bandwidth Overhead

Hyperfibre Low Traffic Bandwidth has two values:

• Headline rate, which is the nominal speed of the offer; and

• Designed rate, which is the ‘observable’ peak speed that the Customer could see on an (optimised) internet speed meter.

The Designed rate is the Headline rate plus an overhead to compensate for higher protocol

encapsulation overheads. This overhead has been calculated using laboratory tests against a speed meter, to confirm a Customer is capable of seeing the headline rate on an industry-standard speed meter.

These overheads would not be observable to a device that is connected at a physical line rate below

this speed, i.e. a CPE device connected to a 1 Gbps port will be limited to the 1 Gbps physical connection speed, which would have a maximum observable speed of ~940 Mbps;

This maximum bandwidth does not guarantee End Users will observe this speed for sustained periods as their experience is dependent on a number of external factors including, but not limited to, End User applications and local network, the Service Provider network and the location of the content

they are accessing. Note that, due to Hyperfibre’s high speeds, any Service Provider speed meter will need to be optimised for Gigabit+ speeds.

The purpose of this overhead is to allow End Users, who may not be technology literate, to be able to observe the ‘advertised’ speed that they are purchasing, i.e. manage their expectations. High

Traffic Class does not include an overhead as it is expected that applications that use High Traffic

Class are designed by technically literate End Users or Service Providers.

2.4.13. OVC Bandwidth Profile

Each OVC has an independent pre-set bandwidth profile comprising:

Class Values

High Traffic Class EIR 0 Mbps

High Traffic Class CIR Multiples of 2.5 Mbps Symmetric

Maximum of 100Mbps;




Class Values

Low Traffic Class EIR Headline Rate EIR Downstream EIR Upstream

2 Gbps 2.2 Gbps 2.2 Gbps



Low Traffic Class CIR 0 Mbps

Colour Awareness Colour-Blind

Coupling Flag Off

Hyperfibre does not currently support Colour Awareness or Coupling Flag.

2.4.14. UNI VLAN ID

Access-EPLs are VLAN transparent, i.e.:

• all upstream frames (tagged/untagged) are encapsulated in a S-tag and delivered to the E-NNI, with the CE-VLAN presented as the Customer VLAN tag.

• All downstream frames have the S-tag removed at the UNI, with the Customer VLAN presented as the CE-VLAN;

Access-EVPL OVCs are identified at the UNI with a single 802.1q CE-VLAN ID:

• For upstream, the CE-VLAN ID tells the ONT which OVC to forward the frame to.

• For downstream frames the CEVLAN ID identifies which OVC the frame has come from.

• CE-VLAN IDs are pre-set for an offer, i.e. all Product Instances will use the same CE-VLAN ID for that OVC, thus ensuring the same CPE configuration can be used for each product instance.

• If the UNI is set to untagged then the CE-- VLAN ID will still exist but will not be visible to the CPE.

• The default CE-VLAN ID is 10.

2.4.15. Service ID Insertion

The Circuit ID attribute supports the insertion of Remote ID and Circuit ID non-repudiated credentials into DHCP or PPPoE requests.

If this is set to ON, then Chorus will insert two credentials in DHCP or PPPoE requests as follows:

• Remote ID (MEF OVC ID); and • Circuit ID (TR-101 access node and logical port identifier).

These credentials can be used as non-reputable credentials, i.e. they provide a strong level of confidence that traffic is coming from a specific Customer or location as they cannot be spoofed or modified by the Customer directly.

The circuit id is not pre-notified as part of a service request and may change under normal operational

conditions such as assure events or network grooming where either the access node or logical port. It is recommended that the Remote ID be used where possible.

The format of these identifiers is described in § 5.9.

There are two valid values for the Circuit ID attribute:

Service ID Insertion Description

Off No Service ID insertion will occur

On Service ID insertion will be applied to:

1. DHCP (supports both IPv4 and IPv6 requests);

2. PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE).

The Service ID Insertion attribute is defined per service request for public offers.




2.4.16. Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU)

The Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) is shown in the table below:

ONT Mode MTU

Bridged 1996 Bytes at UNI, 2000 Bytes at E-NNI

RGW MTU varies depending on whether DHCP or PPP is used:

• DHCP MTU = 1500 Bytes at WAN, 1504 Bytes at E-NNI

• PPP MTU = 1492 Bytes at WAN interface, 1496 Bytes at E-NNI

The E-NNI MTU includes the S-tag inserted by the network. The UNI/RGW WAN MTU includes the

CE-VLAN.

2.4.17. UNI Tagging

The UNI tagging attribute has two possible values:

UNI Tagging Upstream Downstream

Untagged Untagged frames will be tagged at the UNI and classified as Low Traffic Class

CE-VLAN tagged frames will be discarded.

All frames will be stripped of the 802.1q tags.

Tagged Untagged or incorrectly tagged

frames will be discarded.

Correctly tagged frames will be classified according to their CE-P bit values.

All frames forwarded from the UNI to

the Customer CPE will include 802.1q tags.

UNI Tagging is defined per service request for public offers. It will normally be pre-set for private

offers.

If RGW mode is requested, then UNI Tagging should be set to Tagged as the OVC UNI is associated to the Residential Gateway function. By default, Residential Gateway facing ports are untagged.

2.4.18. Egress Colour Marking

Egress Colour Marking (ECM) defines how the Discard Eligibility Indicator (DEI) bit of Ethernet frames egressing the Chorus network will be used.

Hyperfibre sets the DEI value to 0.

2.4.19. Handover Mapping

UFB Handover Connections are selected per service as follows:

• Per service request – this option is only available through the Chorus Portal; or

• Global parameter, i.e. default UFB Handover Connection

Only valid UFB Handover Connections can be selected, i.e. the UFB Handover Connection must be

located at a valid POI for the Customer’s geographic location.

2.4.20. E-NNI VLAN ID

Each Access-EVPL is identified at an E-NNI with a unique double-tagged VLAN-ID. This is known as an SVID/CVID VLAN ID (Service VLAN Identifier, i.e. outer tag VLAN ID and Customer VLAN Identifier i.e. inner tag VLAN ID).

Each Access-EPL is identified at an E-NNI with a unique single-tagged VLAN-ID. This is known as an SVID VLAN ID (Service VLAN Identifier, i.e. outer tag VLAN ID).

• For downstream frames the VLAN ID tells the Handover Ethernet Aggregation Switch which

OVC to forward the frame to and thus which Customer service the frame will be delivered to.




• For upstream frames the VLAN ID identifies which OVC, and thus which Customer service, the frame has come from.




E-NNI VLAN IDs are allocated as follows:

• VLAN values of 0, 1 and 4095 are reserved.

• Service Providers can set up an SVID whitelist per handover.

• Per service request

o Service Providers can specify an SVID/CVID per Access-EVPL or SVID per Access-EPL per service request;

o If the SVID/CVID or SVID is not available or is outside the agreed whitelist, then the request will be rejected.

• Automatic

o Each Access-EVPL is allocated the next available SVID/CVID within the agreed whitelist;

o Each Access-EPL is allocated the next available SVID within the agreed whitelist;

2.4.21. Tail Extension

Tail extension allows an Access-EVPL or Voice-EVPL OVC to terminate on a UFB Handover Connection

on a remote POI rather than a local POI.

Tail Extension is not currently available for Hyperfibre (although it is available for downgrade offers, see section 3). Chorus is currently assessing the impact of Hyperfibre broadband services on our Congestion Free Tail Extension network and it is expected Tail Extension services will be available at

some time.

2.4.22. Premises Networking

Chorus offers a number of Premises networking components that can be requested on a per service request, including:

• Moving an ONT within a premises, e.g. due to refurbishment;

• Installation of additional jacks, which can be plugged into the Hyperfibre ONT in RGW mode;

2.5. Hyperfibre Service Evolution

Hyperfibre is a new product using new technology and is expected to evolve over time. In particular:

Item Description

Hyperfibre 8000 Offers

Hyperfibre 8000 Offers require Central Office upgrades. Availability will be rolled out nationally over 3 years, with sites upgraded based on demand.

NGA Voice Hyperfibre will not support Voice in bridged mode. Customers who require NGA Voice will need to downgrade to NGA (GPON), or request a second ONT.

RGW Voice Hyperfibre will support Voice in Residential Gateway mode, with the ONT ATA ports associated to the Hyperfibre ONT Residential Gateway function. Voice traffic is carried over the bitstream service.

Service Providers will be able to configure the Hyperfibre ONT SIP User Agent via the Chorus Remote Management Service, see below.

Residential Gateway configuration

End Customers can configure and manage the Hyperfibre Residential Gateway via a local Web GUI.

Service Providers will be able to configure the Hyperfibre Residential Gateway via the Chorus Remote Management Service, see below.

Remote

Configuration

Service Providers can remotely configure, manage and monitor the Hyperfibre

ONT and RGW Voice service using the Chorus Remote Management Service being introduced as part of the Chorus RGW/Wi-Fi product initiative. This is being introduced in two phases:

• Phase 1 (Nov 2020): Web GUI

• Phase 2 (Q1 2021): APIs




Item Description

Secondary Offers Hyperfibre does not support secondary offers. Customers who require a second bitstream service will need to downgrade to NGA (GPON), or request a second ONT.

It is expected that Secondary Offers will be available on Hyperfibre ONTs in bridged mode in the future, noting that Hyperfibre ONTs only have one 10Gbps port.

2.6. UFB Handover Connections

The UFB Handover Connection allows connectivity between the Chorus Layer 2 UFB services and the Service Provider equipment and provides the E-NNI function for the Hyperfibre services.

At least one valid UFB Handover Connection is needed for each UFB Coverage Area before Hyperfibre

can be consumed in that area.

A Hyperfibre 2 or Hyperfibre 3a service request can be submitted after a UFB Handover Connection

has been requested but before it has been provisioned; however, the Hyperfibre 2 or Hyperfibre 3a service instance will not operate until the UFB Handover Connection service is active.

UFB Handover Connections can support:

• Home Hyperfibre;

• Small Business Hyperfibre

• Business Hyperfibre (including Education Hyperfibre)

• NGA Evolve (Bitstream 2);

• NGA Business (Bitstream 3);

• NGA Business Premium (Bitstream 4)

• NGA Voice (ATA Voice);

• NGA Multicast;

E-NNIs can be contended i.e. the sum of High and Low Traffic Class traffic profiles of all services delivered at a UFB Handover Connection Service can exceed the UFB Handover Connection Service line rate. If there is insufficient line rate to deliver the presented Ethernet frames, then frames will be randomly discarded based on their Class of Service precedence and Service Levels for that Class of Service do not apply. It is therefore the Service Provider’s responsibility to manage the E-NNI contention and to shape and queue traffic appropriately. Service Providers need to manage this

contention to ensure the Hyperfibre speeds do not degrade other Customers’ broadband experience.

2.6.1. Aggregation and handover of traffic

Each Customer must be located in a Coverage Area. The Customer traffic from all Central Offices within a Coverage Area is carried to the POI over Local Aggregation Paths (LAP) dimensioned to support the throughput rate and service levels for Hyperfibre of both Low Traffic Class and High Traffic Class traffic.

All OVCs must connect to an E-NNI belonging to the Service Provider that ordered the Hyperfibre

OVC. However, each OVC can connect to a different E-NNI at the same or different POI within a UFB Coverage Area.




2.7. Modifying Product Instances

The following changes can be made to a Product Instance using the Change service request process:

• Changing per-offer attribute changes, such as:

o UNI Tagging or Service ID Insertion for Home Hyperfibre or Small Business

Hyperfibre;

o High Traffic Class bandwidth for Business Hyperfibre;

o Changing Handover Connection (remapping);

o Changing Handover Connection VLAN (SVID or SVID/CVID);

o Change Hyperfibre ONT Mode (Bridged/RGW).

• Changing Offer to another valid Hyperfibre Offer, e.g. from Home Hyperfibre2000 to Home Hyperfibre 4000. The new offer must be valid for the Customer;

• Changing an Offer to another Hyperfibre variant, e.g. from Small Business Hyperfibre to Business Hyperfibre. Changing between variants needs to consider Customer Experience

implications such as service continuity and CPE changes.

• Changing between Hyperfibre (XGSPON) and NGA (GPON). Changing technology will require

multiple outages and may require a site visit and Service Providers need to consider Customer Experience implications such as service continuity and CPE changes.

Changing a Customer product instance (within Hyperfibre offers) will result in a short service outage as part of the activation process. This outage will occur in normal business hours at a scheduled time

as per the Change service request.

2.8. Hyperfibre Service Availability

Hyperfibre is available to fibre customers in XGSPON-enabled Central Offices (UFB1 and selected sites). Hyperfibre 8 Gbps offers will only be available in a subset of XGSPON-enabled exchanges, but these will be increased over time.

Hyperfibre availability will be advised in standard Service Availability channels, including:

• All Services capability report;

• Footprint reports;

• Broadband Checker;

• Business Broadband Availability and Broadband Availability API;

Hyperfibre Offers will only be visible in Chorus Portal/B2B if the offer is available at the Customer address.

2.9. Premises Networking and Customer Services Experience

Premises Networking and Customer Services Experience offer Service Providers flexibility in connecting Customers to the Hyperfibre services by giving them the ability to customise wiring and installation activities per service request.

They deliver the best possible broadband experience to customers through:

• Ensuring premises will be correctly wired and connected to the appropriate CPE devices;

• Covers different installation, CPE, and wiring options to provide a complete solution for Customers;

• Allows for activities over and above the Hyperfibre Basic Installation; and

• Can be requested at the time of new installation or when convenient to the Customer

Hyperfibre uses specific CSEs to include the Hyperfibre installation activities. NGA CSEs are not compatible with Hyperfibre.




2.10. Hyperfibre Service Performance

The performance specification for the Hyperfibre Traffic Classes are:

Class of Service Frame Delay Frame Delay Variation Frame Loss

High Traffic Class ≤ 5 ms ≤ 3 ms ≤ 0.1%

Low Traffic Class n/a n/a ≤ 2%

• Performance is measured from UNI to E-NNI;

• Defined over a 5-minute interval with a 99% compliance criterion; • Excludes frames that are submitted outside the purchased traffic profile.

Service Performance is measured using (NGA) probes per OLT and Congestion Free Network reporting.

Hyperfibre is optimised for internet experience and some abnormal traffic flows, such as continuous short frames, may not meet performance specifications. Hyperfibre’s very high speed could allow

such abnormal traffic flows to exceed the ONT maximum PPS (packets per second) rate, resulting in

randomly dropped packets. This situation is not expected under normal operating conditions.

2.10.1. Exceptions to Service Specifications

The presence of any of the below factors may mean a Customer’s peak throughput is less than their published speed:

• Layer 3 and above protocol overheads; • Network load; • Constraints within the Retail Service Provider and Customer domains; • Any constraints external to the Hyperfibre Services; • Layer 1 overheads of the physical ETH interface. • Frames submitted outside the purchased traffic profile.

• Abnormal traffic conditions. • See section 7 for more information.




3. Hyperfibre Offers

This section describes the current Hyperfibre offers that are available to be ordered. Additional Offers will be introduced over time.

Offer Name Type Mode LTC Gbps HTC Mbps

1 Home Hyperfibre2000 Access-EVPL RGW/Bridged 2.2 0*



4 Small business Hyperfibre2000 Access-EVPL Bridged/RGW 2.2 2.5



7 Business Hyperfibre2000 Access-EPL Bridged 2.2 10, 20, 50, 100



10 Education Hyperfibre2000 Access-EPL Bridged 2.2 10, 20, 50, 100



Where

• LTC = Low Traffic Class bandwidth;

• HTC =High Traffic Class bandwidth;

• Home Hyperfibre includes a small amount of High Traffic Class Bandwidth to support RGW Voice in RGW mode;

• Low Traffic Class Bandwidth includes an overhead (‘overclocking’);

• All bandwidth profiles are symmetric, i.e. upstream = downstream

• Business and Education Hyperfibre offers allow High Traffic Class Bandwidth to be selected per product instance;

• See Appendix I for full technical specification of these offers.

Note that Hyperfibre does not support Bitstream 3-type offers (High Traffic Class only offers).




3.1. Hyperfibre NGA Offers

Hyperfibre NGA Offers allow Customers to consume popular NGA offers on a Hyperfibre ONT.

There are two main scenarios for using these offers:

• A Customer no longer requires Hyperfibre speeds and wants to downgrade to NGA. These

offers allow them to do so without waiting for a truck roll to install an NGA ONT.;

• A Customer moves into a premises where there is a Hyperfibre intact. These offers allow them to consume a popular NGA offer without waiting for a truck roll to install an NGA ONT.

Offer Name Type Mode Low BW Gbps

High BW Mbps

13 Evolve 100-20-2.5-2.5 HF Access-EVPL RGW/Bridged 110/22 2.5

14 Evolve 200-20-2.5-2.5 HF Access-EVPL RGW/Bridged 217/22 2.5

15 Consumer Max-500-2.5-2.5 HF Access-EVPL RGW/Bridged 1100/550 2.5

16 Small Business Fibre 100-100-2.5-2.5 HF

Access-EVPL RGW/Bridged 110/115 2.5

17 Small Business Fibre Max-500-

2.5-2.5 HF Access-EVPL RGW/Bridged 1100/550 2.5

18 Business 200 HF Access-EPL Bridged 217/230 2.5-100

19 Business 50 HF Access-EPL Bridged 55/57.5 2.5-50

Note that these are Hyperfibre Offers and only work on the Hyperfibre ONT. They do not support

NGA Voice.

3.2. Creating private Hyperfibre templates

Service Providers can request private offers using the Chorus Co-Innovation process.

Templates are composed by combining standard building blocks as defined in the Hyperfibre Product Catalogue with specific attributes. These templates are combined with commercials and pricing to create offers that can be requested via the Chorus Hyperfibre channels.

See the Introduction to Hyperfibre Templates whitepaper, Chorus Co-Innovation Guide and Chorus Co-Innovation Guide Handbook for more information on how to request and use the Chorus Co-Innovation Model.




3.3. Offers business rules

Hyperfibre and NGA support the following States and transitions using service requests. This applies per Fibre Access, i.e. if a premises has two ONTs then these operations apply to each ONT.

Figure 3 Hyperfibre Offer State

These states are as follows:

State Fibre NGA Hyperfibre Description

No Fibre ✓ Fibre has not been connected from the Fibre Access Point to the Customer site.

NGA Intact ✓ I Fibre is installed to the Customer site and the

Customer has an NGA ONT, but there are no current active NGA offers.

NGA

Hyperfibre

Fibre

0

0

N

NGA

Hyperfibre

Fibre

0

I

Y

Connect (Hyperfibre)

Connect (NGA)

Disconnect

A

B

Modify Offer Attribute / Change Offer

Transfer

Upgrade NGA to Hyperfibre

C

D

E

Downgrade Hyperfibre to NGA

F

G

NGA

Hyperfibre

Fibre

0

I

Y

NGA

Hyperfibre

Fibre

0

Y

Y

NGA

Hyperfibre

Fibre

Y

0

Y

F

F

G

G

A

B

A

A

D

E

C

C

E

E

D

D E

NoFibre

NGAIntact

HyperfibreIntact

Hyperfibre

NGA

B

G

D

F

Modifier

Action

B




State Fibre NGA Hyperfibre Description

Hyperfibre Intact ✓ I

Fibre is installed to the Customer site and the Customer has a Hyperfibre ONT, but there are no current active Hyperfibre offers.

This state is not currently supported but is included for completeness.

NGA ✓ ✓ One or more NGA offers are active at the Customer site.

Hyperfibre ✓ ✓ One or more Hyperfibre-compatible offers are active at the Customer site.




3.4. Service requests

The following service requests are supported:

Request Type Description Business Rules

A Connect

(Hyperfibre) Connect a Hyperfibre Offer to the fibre access.

This includes NGA Offers that are compatible with a Hyperfibre Access.

Hyperfibre must be available at that location.

If no Hyperfibre ONT exists at the site, then a site visit will be required to install the Hyperfibre ONT.

If the line is not XGSPON enabled than Central Office work may need to be undertaken to upgrade the line to XGSPON.

Connect and Replace (Hyperfibre)

Connect a Hyperfibre Offer to the fibre access, where the fibre access has an existing bitstream service that cannot be transferred.

Typically used when a Customer moves into a new site where the previous bitstream service is still working

Hyperfibre must be available at that location.

If no Hyperfibre ONT exists at the site, then a site visit will

be required to install the Hyperfibre ONT.


B Connect (NGA) Connect an NGA Offer to the fibre access. NGA must be available at the location

If no NGA ONT exists at the site, then a site visit will be required to install the NGA ONT.

Connect and

Replace (NGA)

Connect an NGA Offer to the fibre access, where the fibre

access has an existing bitstream service that cannot be transferred.

Typically used when a Customer moves into a new site where the previous bitstream service is still working

NGA must be available at the location

If no NGA ONT exists at the site, then a site visit will be required to install the NGA ONT.

C Disconnect Remove (all) offers from the ONT. The service moves to intact

state.

Service will be removed, and an NGA ONT will remain at

premises.

D Modify Offer

Attributes

Modify the attributes of an existing service, such as Service ID

insertion option, Handover, tagging. Changes may result in a small outage

Change Offer Change the Offer being purchased, e.g. Home Hyperfibre2000

to Home Hyperfibre4000. The new offer must be a valid offer for that location.

This also supports changing between standard Hyperfibre

and Hyperfibre NGA Offers.




Request Type Description Business Rules

E Transfer Primary Enables a Gaining Service Provider to replace an existing Offer. The Gaining Service Provider must follow the Fibre Customer

Transfer Code.

The new offer must be a valid offer for that location.

If a CSE is requested, then site visit will be required.

F Upgrade NGA to

Hyperfibre Upgrade an NGA connection to Hyperfibre:

• Upgrade line to XGSPON;

• Install Hyperfibre ONT.

This function is applied to a number of business scenarios:

• New Connect (Hyperfibre) on an NGA Intact;

• Change Offer to a Hyperfibre Offer, when Customers

currently has an NGA connection;

• Transfer, where new offer is a Hyperfibre Offer and

Customer currently has an NGA connection.

If the line is not XGSPON enabled than Central Office work

may need to be undertaken to upgrade the line to XGSPON.

A site visit will be required to install the Hyperfibre ONT.

G Downgrade Hyperfibre to NGA

Downgrade Hyperfibre to NGA:

• Install NGA ONT.

This modifier should only be applied when Customers require a

service or feature that is not available on Hyperfibre, such as NGA Voice.

This function is applied to a number of business scenarios:

• New Connect (NGA) on a Hyperfibre Intact;

• Change Offer to an NGA Offer, when Customers

currently has a Hyperfibre connection;

• Transfer, where new offer is an NGA Offer and

Customer currently has a Hyperfibre connection.


A site visit will be required to install the Hyperfibre ONT.

Note that this is not a complete list of available service requests and is intended as a guide to business outcomes. For example, it excludes differentiating

between primary and secondary offers, or additional ONTs.




3.5. Hyperfibre installation experiences

The Customer installation experience will depend on three activities:

• Enabling XGSPON on the Customer’s PON;

• Activating Hyperfibre service at the Customer’s site; and

• Service Provider configuration

3.5.1. Enabling XGSPON on the Customer’s PON

Enabling XGSPON on the Customer’s PON requires connecting the Customer’s Point to Multipoint fibre to an XGSPON port on the OLT. This allows both Hyperfibre and NGA services to be delivered on the PON.

The following table shows the possible installation experiences for enabling XGSPON on the PON:

Request Type Description Customer Experience

None Associated PON already has XGSPON

This step will be skipped.

Add XGSPON to PON

Undertake Central Office or FFP work to add XGSPON to the current

PON

A short outage on all Customers on PON as Feeder fibre is connected to XGSPON

port.

Chorus may, at its discretion, groom the network to consolidate multiple customers with an FFP, up

to a maximum of 16 Customers per XGSPON.

3.5.2. Activating Hyperfibre Service

Activation requires enabling the Layer 2 service on a Hyperfibre ONT. The following tables shows the possible installation experiences for activating Hyperfibre service:

Request Type Description Customer Experience

Change NGA

ONT for Hyperfibre ONT

Unplug NGA ONT from ITP and

remove.

Install Hyperfibre ONT and connect to ITP

NGA service will work until NGA ONT is

removed.

Hyperfibre service will be activated automatically once it is connected to ITP

and commissioned.

Install

Hyperfibre ONT

Install a new Hyperfibre ONT as

part of a new fibre install

Standard install experience. Hyperfibre

service will be activated automatically once it is connected to ITP and commissioned.

Activate Hyperfibre ONT

Activate the Hyperfibre bitstream service on an installed ONT

Happens automatically for new Hyperfibre ONTs.

Follows standard Change Offer process for existing Hyperfibre ONTs.

The actual experience will vary depending on the current state of the Customer’s fibre connection, and specific investment and operational rules. It is expected that these rules and installation

experiences will be refined over time.




3.5.3. Service Provider Hyperfibre configuration

Service Providers need to configure their network to consume Hyperfibre, noting that:

• If the Hyperfibre Service is in bridged mode, the Service Provider network configuration should be similar to the Bitstream 2/Bitstream 3a configuration, but with different speed and shaper/scheduler settings. The Residential Gateway will need to shape traffic upstream to get optimal performance;

• If the Hyperfibre Service is an upgrade (Change Offer) to an NGA product instance, then the SVID or SVID/CVID and product instance id will be retained.

• To maximise Customer experience, the Service Provider should co-ordinate their network configuration with the physical installation activities, i.e. pre-provision Hyperfibre in their network.

Due to the need for physical ONT replacement, upgrading to Hyperfibre as part of a Transfer or a Connect and Replace (abandonment) needs careful coordination to avoid long outages and Service Providers should manage Customer’s expectations accordingly.




4. Hyperfibre in the home

Hyperfibre dramatically increases Customer’s broadband capacity and will enable new technologies and experiences, fundamentally changing the possibilities for how New Zealanders live, work and innovate.

Chorus delivers Hyperfibre over our Congestion Free Network to ensure Customers get the best

possible experience from their Hyperfibre solution.

With these higher speeds, the home network, and particularly Wi-Fi, will be a significant factor in the End Customer experience, potentially limiting their usable speed and thus misleading the Customer as to the performance of their service. For example, international experience suggests that as much

as 30% of all reported broadband issues are related to their home Wi-Fi network.

It is therefore essential to ensure that the Customer’s home network does not constrain or limit their experience. Given the high speeds and performance of Hyperfibre, this is a real challenge that we in

the industry need to collaborate to resolve.

4.1. Overview

This section provides an overview of the challenges and potential solutions to eliminate or reduce home network bottlenecks. It is residential focussed and is not intended to be all encompassing. For more information, see the Hyperfibre Residential Gateway User Guide. We

Optimising the in-home experience means working with Customers directly, which is a challenge as every home and customer environment is unique, and customers have varying degrees of skills and knowledge in this area. This means that the optimum solution for each Customer is unique, but also needs to be tailored by the customer’s capability and willingness to pay.

For example, a retired couple may have older CPE and limited technical knowledge but may also only use their devices in the lounge or office, so do not need or care about improving their experience in the rest of house (unless their grandchildren visit).

While we would expect Hyperfibre to be predominantly aimed at technically aware Customers,

residential premises are often shared environments that contain a wide range of devices and people

with differing technical skillsets and experience.

Chorus is keen to work with you on ways to improve the Hyperfibre in-home experience, including:

• Undertaking an In-home services trial, which looks at the kinds of value-add services Chorus Service Company technicians can offer to improve or optimise the home network; and

• Establishing an Industry consultation on Broadband Experience within the home;

This document and the Hyperfibre Residential Gateway User Guide will be updated following customer experience consultation with the industry.

4.2. Optimising the Home Network for speed

There are multiple considerations in ensuring the home network is not a bottleneck for Hyperfibre

Before the install – house wiring standards

The first question is whether the house is Hyperfibre ready, i.e. is the existing house network capable of supporting Gigabit+ speeds.

For new houses, the current house wiring standards have been designed around gigabit speeds and we are working with the industry to update them to support Hyperfibre speeds, e.g.:

• Preference for a ducts to support flexible copper or fibre reticulation;

• Upgrading wiring standards to CAT 6 to support up to 10 Gbps speeds;

• Adding optional toolsets to allow more flexible wiring options.

Existing premises may have more wiring challenges, but there is a range of options that can be used to support different premises and scenarios.




Choosing Bridged or RGW mode

The Residential Gateway is a router manages the internal home network, allowing devices inside the

premises to talk to each other and to the Internet, and provides basic border security for the Customer

You can either supply a Residential Gateway as part of your Broadband proposition, or request the

Hyperfibre ONT in RGW Mode, as shown below

HyperfibreONT

CAT 610 GigE

Hyperfibre ONTGateway

1 x 100M/1G/2.5G/5G/10Gbps

4 x 10/100/1000 Mbp

2 x ATA Port


Fibre

Service Provider Residential Gateway

Ethernet ports

ATA Ports

WiFi

Home Network

Figure 4 Bridged or RGW mode

Both options are viable, and your selection will depend on your product strategy and differentiation.

Note that some customers may choose to turn off the Residential Gateway Wi-Fi functions and use their own wireless network.

Residential Gateway lifecycle management

The following activities will ensure the Residential Gateway is secure and optimally performing:

• Keeping Residential Gateway software and firmware up to date, and patching devices as

required;

• Ensuring the Residential Gateway is fit for purpose, i.e. supports Hyperfibre speeds and > 1

Gbps Wi-Fi;

• Having a CPE Lifecycle plan to enable Customers to upgrade to newer technology over time;

• Maintain flexible options, so Customers have choice that they can match their needs;

As Residential Gateways are mass market devices, selection is often a trade-off between logistics, customer experience and investment. It is important to ensure the devices are fit for purpose and to

be open and transparent about its capabilities and limitations.




Positioning the Residential Gateway and ONT within the home

In general, the optimum location of the Residential Gateway is the most commonly used location

within the premises, typically close to where the main lounge and television is located, taking care to avoid any blocking of the Wi-Fi signal from the television or other appliances. If the ONT is providing the Residential Gateway function, then this is ideally where it should be installed.

If the Customer is using a separate Residential Gateway device then the location of the ONT is less important, provided that there is good 10Gbps wiring (Cat 6 or better) between the ONT location and the Residential Gateway.

In households with multiple hubs, such as game rooms or second lounges, consideration will have to

be given as to where the most use of the device is likely to be, and how access coverage will be provided throughout the premises.

Home networking – optimising for speed

As each house is different, the optimum home network solution will be specific to a location, based

on the architecture of the house and where individuals want to access the broadband solution.

As a general rule, wired connectivity to the Residential Gateway provides optimal performance, while wireless access provides flexibility and mobility. Any solution therefore needs to balance performance against flexibility and will be customer specific.

Chorus will work with the industry to come up with ways to optimise home networking, but it is likely that it will involve a mixture of Customer education (written, video etc.), technology and in-home commercial services.

This is likely to involve a number of toolsets that can be flexibly applied to suite the specific site,

either by Customers or through in-home services, such as:

• Ducts, which support either copper or fibre reticulation;

• CAT 6 wiring;

• Wireless Access Points;

• Wireless Mesh;

• Powerline

Devices

The Customer’s observed experience can be limited by the capabilities of the devices they are using,

and the embedded applications within those devices. Resolving these issues largely depends on Customer education, although some diagnostic tools may assist.

Example of factors that need to be watched out for are:

• For wired devices, the speed of the devices Ethernet port, the speed on the ONTor Residential Gateway Ethernet port that they are connected to [the Hyperfibre ONT has 1 x 10 GigE port and 4 x 1 GigE port], and the cable quality (CAT 5 for speeds up to 1 Gbps, CAT 6 is recommended for 10 Gbps);

• For wireless devices, older devices often use a slower 802.11x standard, which may affect other users. There are also speed and quality issues with frequency band and positioning (See the Hyperfibre Residential Gateway User Guide for more information).

• Devices should use the latest operating system and app version available. This will not only improve performance, but is essential for security as well;

In many cases it may not be possible to upgrade older devices and it may be necessary to replace them or turn them off.




4.3. Using the Hyperfibre Residential Gateway

The Hyperfibre ONT can be configured in RGW mode, enabling it to act as a standard Residential Gateway.

The Residential Gateway function has a default configuration before it can access your network, which can be customised per Service Provider. Options include:

• DHCP;

• PPPoE with default username and password.

Your BNG can identify the service instance using the Remote ID, as defined in section 5.9.

The Hyperfibre Residential Gateway can be customised by:

• The Customer, via a local web GUI; or

• Remotely, via the Chorus Remote Management Service and APIs, which are being delivered as part of the Chorus RGW initiative.

For more information on the Hyperfibre Residential Gateway features and configurable attributes, see the Hyperfibre Residential Gateway User Guide.

4.4. Wi-Fi

Wi-Fi is one of the most common ways for Customers to connect to the Residential Gateway, particularly for portable devices like laptops, smartphones or tablets. However, the characteristics of Wi-Fi presents several unique challenges that could result in it acting as a limiter to the Customer’s observable speed, and thus give the Customer the impression that their broadband speed is slower

than what it is.

The Hyperfibre Residential Gateway supports the following Wi-Fi standards:

• Wi-Fi 4: 802.11n 3x3 MIMO in 2.4GHz, allowing speeds of 500-600Mbps under optimal conditions;

• Wi-Fi 5: 802.11ac 4x4 MIMO in 5GHz, allowing speeds > 1 Gbps under optimal conditions.

However, wireless speeds can vary significantly based on several factors, including the configuration

of the Wi-Fi Access Points, the premises’ environmental conditions and the number of devices trying to use Wi-Fi at the same time. Wi-Fi is half-duplex, meaning that only one direction can be transmitting at a time.

Modern implementations use a variety of technologies to get around these limits, and faster Wi-Fi

speeds are continually evolving.

4.4.1. Wi-Fi Access Point configuration

Most customers will take the Wi-Fi router out of the box and (apart from Network Name, or SSID, and passwords) expect it to just work. Therefore, Wi-Fi routers should be pre-set for optimal plug and play performance, as much as possible.

Different Wi-Fi bands support multiple channels and channel width. The Hyperfibre Residential Gateway chooses the best channel and channel size for optimal performance, but this can be overridden through the Web GUI:

Band Channels

Channel Size (MHz) Notes

2.4 GHz 13 20 Only 3 channels (1,6,11) are non-overlapping and

thus have lower risk of interference

5 GHz 24 (20MHz) 20,40,80,160 Wider channels essentially combine 20 MHz channels, i.e. there are only 12 40MHz channels, 6 80Mhz or 3 160 MHz

Customers may choose to use third party Wi-Fi Access Points rather than the Residential Gateway

Wi-Fi, particularly if they want to use a Wi-Fi Mesh solution. External Wi-Fi Access Points could have multiple options that can be selected by the customer and may not be optimally configured out of the box. Assure scripts and troubleshooting guides should consider these scenarios.




4.4.2. Positioning of Wi-Fi sources

The location of the Wi-Fi source is critical to providing the best experience. It should be positioned close to where the customer uses Wi-Fi the most. For example:

• If they use Wi-Fi equally throughout the house, then position it at the centre of the house.

• If they are more likely to use Wi-Fi in a media or common room, then the Wi-Fi source might be better installed in that room (noting this might reduce the Wi-Fi signal strength elsewhere).

Care must be taken to avoid blocking the Wi-Fi signal:

• Avoid placing it in a cupboard or putting it behind something that may weaken the signal, like a

TV or aquarium;

• Avoid placing it on the floor or close to the ground; and

• Ensuring there is a clear path between the Wi-Fi device and the Wi-Fi source;

4.4.3. Wi-Fi coverage within the home

Wi-Fi strength throughout a house will vary based on distance, interference or any material between the device and the Wi-Fi router. For example:

• Wood and plaster have a low potential of limiting the Wi-Fi signal;

• Water, bricks, marble or some cordless phones have a medium potential of limiting the Wi-Fi signal;

• Concrete, microwave ovens and particularly metal have a high potential of limiting the Wi-Fi signal.

If Wi-Fi coverage is an issue, then Wi-Fi extenders or a Wi-Fi Mesh network may improve coverage.

4.4.4. Use wired when possible

Wi-Fi connections are not as reliably fast as wired connections. If speed is more important than mobility, it may be preferable to connect the device using a wired Ethernet connection.

4.4.5. Age of devices

While new devices are likely to be built to the latest 802.11 standards, older devices may slow the

Wi-Fi experience.

To avoid such constraints, customers should consider upgrading older devices to the latest standard or moving slower devices to the Wi-Fi 2.4GHz band, freeing the 5 GHz band for devices that can take advantage of the higher speeds.

4.4.6. Running multiple wireless networks

Running multiple wireless networks in close proximity (within the home, or close neighbours) may result in interference, confusing devices or reducing speeds. This includes non-Wi-Fi networks, such as cordless phones, baby monitors or interference from microwave ovens.

Where possible, networks should be set to separate channels or even turned off, when not in use.

Wi-Fi sources may use multiple bands (2.4GHz and 5GHz) to support multiple devices. The 5GHz

channel is faster, although with a more limited range. If range is not an issue, then turning off the 2.4GHz channel will ensure devices only connect via the fastest channel.

The Hyperfibre Residential Gateway supports the following Wi-Fi configuration:

• 802.11n 3x3 MIMO in 2.4GHz; and

• 802.11ac 4x4 MIMO in 5GHz.




4.5. Security

Wi-Fi security is important, both to protect your home and data, and to ensure external parties do not hig your broadband connection.

The Hyperfibre Residential Gateway Wi-Fi comes with a default password printed on the ONT information label. This is intended to be a temporary password only and, for best practice security, customers using the Hyperfibre Residential Gateway are strongly advised to personalise their Wi-Fi

SSID/password using the Web Interface once the Hyperfibre service is commissioned.

The Wi-Fi password should have at least 12 random characters using a mix of upper- and lower-case letters and numbers that are not related to the MAC address or serial number of the ONT.

4.6. Supporting Customer Expectations

It is important to set Customer expectations to ensure that they are not disappointed by their Hyperfibre experience.

Hyperfibre is lightning fast, but Customers will not observe this lighting speed all the time, for

multiple reasons:

• If they are using a Wi-Fi-connected device, then their wireless connection could be a limiting factor;

• If they are using wired connections, then their speed may be limited by the physical Ethernet port in their device or in the Residential gateway. A 1000Base-T Ethernet port’s maximum observable Layer 3 speed is ~ 920 Mbps.

• At super-high speeds, latency will constrain TCP throughput. Therefore, the distance between

the Customer and their server will generally be a factor in the Customer’s observable speed.

• Many applications do not need the Hyperfibre speed all the time, or the improvements are subtle. Web pages may load slightly quicker, but latency might be a bigger factor than speed.

• Video streaming is a good example of subtle improvements. Video streaming can take advantage of high burst speeds when starting a video or changing video position, but even UHD video will not see massive improvements.

• A key advantage of Hyperfibre is that it can seamlessly support multiple heavy users.

There are several things that can be done within the Service Provider network to ensure the Customer

can observe Hyperfibre benefits:

• Caching popular content close to handovers;

• Installing speed meter servers close to handovers

• Ensure handovers do not congest

• Shape traffic per user downstream, to avoid bursts that could result in the ingress policers throwing frames away;

• Shape traffic upstream on the Residential Gateway, if not using the Hyperfibre Residential Gateway.




5. How Hyperfibre works

Hyperfibre is a multiclass Ethernet Layer 2 broadband access tail with two Class of Service (CoS) traffic profiles that support the simultaneous delivery of High Traffic Class and Low Traffic Class traffic. A Hyperfibre service provides a VLAN-based Ethernet service between a Customer’s premises and

the POI.

5.1. Hyperfibre Point to Multipoint Architecture

Hyperfibre is delivered using XGSPON technology over point-to-multipoint fibre using the following physical architecture:

Fibre Flexibility

Point

CentralOffice

ONT ETP FAP

ONT ETP FAP

ONT ETP FAP

DistributionFibre

Split ratio

FeederFibre

POI

Co-Lo

Third Party Fibreor Backhaul

DFAS / ICABS/ICAT

OFDF

EAS

HandoverConnections

OLT

Split

ter

Agg

rega

tio

nN

etw

ork

OLTCeX

XGSPON

GPON

Figure 5 Hyperfibre Point to Multipoint physical architecture

Where:

Name Description

ONT NGA or Hyperfibre

Optical Network Terminal

The active device at the Customer site that performs the UNI functions and the service demarcation point.

ETP External Termination Point This is the physical demarcation point between

the outside fibre plant and the internal fibre distribution.

FAP Fibre Access Point This is the physical demarcation point between

the Customer property and the Distribution fibre and is typically located on the property boundary for single dwelling units.

Distribution Fibre

A distribution fibre is dedicated to each ONT and provides connectivity from the ONT to the splitter.

Splitter A splitter is housed in the Fibre Flexibility Point

and connects multiple distribution fibres to a single feeder fibre

FFP Fibre Flexibility Point This is a cabinet housing one or more splitters.

Note that as splitters are passive devices this cabinet may not be powered.

Feeder Fibre This is fibre between the OLT and the Splitter




Name Description

CeX Co-Existence Element

This is part of the OLT port

A passive optical device that combines GPON

and XGSPON optical signals onto the same feeder fibre.

GPON Optics The GPON optics that supports NGA Services

XGSPON Optics

The XGSPON optics that supports Hyperfibre Services

OLT Optical Line Terminator This is the local Access Node and aggregates a number of point-to-multipoint services.

Central Office This is the local fibre exchange. It may or may not be the closest physical exchange

Aggregation

Network This aggregates traffic between the Coverage

Area POI(s) and the OLTs within that Coverage Area. It may be simple for smaller Coverage Areas, or multi-tiered for the larger ones

EAS Ethernet Aggregation Switch This is an Ethernet switch that performs aggregation functions and enforces service policies. The POI EAS acts as the logical demarcation point between Hyperfibre services

and the Service Provider and hosts the E-NNI function through a UFB Handover Connection.

OFDF Optical Fibre Distribution

Frame

This provides the physical demarcation point for

the UFB Handover Connection product

POI Point of Interconnect This is a UFB Central Office where Hyperfibre

services can be handed over to a Service Provider

Co-Lo Collocation space This is Central Office space that allows a Service Provider to install their network equipment, such as Layer 2 or Layer 3 edge or aggregation

equipment

DFAS

ICABS

CRT

Direct Fibre Access Service

Intra-Candidate Area Backhaul

Chorus Regional Transport

These are standard Chorus linking services that

can be used to deliver a UFB Handover Connection to a remote Exchange or site.

Note that Multiple Dwelling Units (MDUs) may have more complex internal architectures than Single

Dwelling Units (SDUs).




5.1.1. XGSPON bandwidth allocation

XGSPON (10 Gigabit Symmetric Passive Optical Network) is a fibre access technology that supports multiple users over a point-to-multipoint fibre access, as shown below:

Figure 6 XGSPON Bandwidth Allocation

Since XGSPON is shared it uses the following mechanisms to provide bandwidth to each Customer:

• Downstream frames are broadcast to all users on the point-to-multipoint fibre. XGSPON uses 128-bit AES encryption to ensure an Hyperfibre ONT can only decipher frames intended for it.

• Upstream is divided into timeslots and allocated to each ONT based on its bandwidth profile and demand to ensure they do not simultaneously transmit frames.

Timeslots are allocated using Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (DBA)where the uplink capacity is

dynamically allocated based on individual traffic demand within their bandwidth profile.

The split ratio (number of multipoint ends per PON) will vary depending on geography and Customer

density but will ensure the Hyperfibre offers meet their expected performance levels. The default maximum split ratio is currently 16:1 and is shared with GPON Customers on the same point-to-multipoint fibre.

5.1.2. Combining GPON and XGSPON on the same PON

XGSPON and GPON optics are combined on the same Feeder fibre, using an internal Co-Existence Element (CeX), as shown below:

OLTCe

X

XGSPON

GPON

Figure 7 Combining GPON and XGSPON

All Customers on the point-to-multipoint fibre segment can get Hyperfibre (XGSPON) or NGA (GPON),

depending on:

• Their ONT type; and

• The OLT and Layer 2 configuration.

ONT

ONT

OLT

Split

ter

ONT

ONT

Split ratio

10 Gbps Time Division Multiplexed

10 Gbps broadcast (encrypted)




5.1.3. Optical Network Terminal (ONT)

The Hyperfibre ONT terminates the XGSPON services in the Customer premises and provides the Customer Hyperfibre interfaces.

The standard ONT is described in section 5.2.

5.1.4. User Network Interface (UNI) in bridged mode

In bridged mode, the UNI is an RJ-45 10GBase-T port located on the Hyperfibre ONT that provides the Ethernet interface for Hyperfibre. The transmission of Ethernet frames includes additional

overheads such as Ethernet preamble, frame delimiters and inter-frame gaps. Service Providers need to be aware that if the Customer wants to send or receive 1000 Mbps or more of Ethernet throughput, the Residential Gateway or similar device’s Ethernet interface must be set to 10GBase-T to allow for this overhead.

UNIs can terminate one or more Access-EVPLs or one Access-EPL.

5.1.5. User Network Interface (UNI) in RGW mode

In RGW mode, the UNI is internal to the ONT and provides the WAN interface to the Residential Gateway function:

Hyperfibre ONT

Access-EVPL

Web GUI

1 x 100M/1G/2.5G/5G/10Gbps

4 x 10/100/1000 Mbp

2 x ATA Port


Residential

Gateway Function

UNIWAN

Figure 8 UNI in RGW mode




5.1.6. Analogue Telephone Adaptor (ATA)

The ATA is an RJ11 port on the ONT that provides an analogue interface for voice. The ATA SIP Agent is associated to the Residential Gateway function and thus Voice is only available if the ONT is in RGW Mode.

Hyperfibre ONT

Access-EVPL

Remote

Management

Service

Residential

Gateway FunctionSIP UA

Figure 9 Hyperfibre Voice

The SIP User Agent can be configured remotely using the Remote Management Service, available

from November 2020.

VoIP traffic is carried inband on the Access-EVPL. Service Providers using Voice will need filter SIP messages downstream. Note that Chorus is undertaking a separate Voice consultation to look at how NGA and Hyperfibre Voice will be delivered in the future.

5.1.7. External Termination Point (ETP)

The ETP is the external termination point for telecommunications services at a Customer's premises. There will not necessarily be a break in the lead-in fibre at the ETP.

5.1.8. Point-to-Multipoint Fibre

The Point to Multipoint fibre provides a shared fibre path from the ONT to the OLT and consists of:

• Distribution fibre from each premises to the Passive Optical Splitter, located in the Fibre Flexibility Point the premises is associated with;

• Passive Optical splitter that connects multiple distribution fibres to one feeder fibre; and • Feeder fibre from Passive optical splitter to the OLT, located in the local Central Office. •

5.1.9. Access Node/Optical Line Terminal (OLT)

An Optical Line Terminal (OLT) Access Node that provides for the delivery of Hyperfibre services.

It supports a combined GPON and XGSPON port that includes a Co-existence Element (CeX) to

combine the XGSPON and GPON optics on the point-to-multipoint fibre segment. The XGSPON optics provide the Hyperfibre services.

5.1.10. Local Aggregation Path

The Customer traffic from OLTs is carried to the POI over Local Aggregation Paths.

These paths are dimensioned to support both the aggregate High and Low Traffic Class traffic. High Traffic Class traffic is prioritised both upstream and downstream to ensure that High Traffic Class traffic meets its Service Specification targets.




5.1.11. Point of Interconnect (POI)

A Point of Interconnect (POI) is a Central Office containing one or more Ethernet Aggregation Switches (EASs) where all traffic within that Coverage Area is aggregated for handover. A Service Provider will require a Handover Connection to receive or send traffic to Customers within the

Coverage Area.

5.1.12. Coverage Area

A Coverage Area is a defined geographical area comprising of a number of OLTs connected to a POI.

Larger Coverage Areas support multiple POIs where a Bitstream service within that Coverage Area can be connected to any UFB Handover Connection in any POI.

5.1.13. UFB Handover Connection

The UFB Handover Connection is a 100 GigE or 10 GigE interface between Chorus’ and the Service

Provider’s network that performs the External Network to Network Interface (E-NNI) function for Hyperfibre.

UFB Handover Connections can use Local Aggregation Grouping to provide additional throughput and/or availability.

5.2. Hyperfibre ONT

Hyperfibre is delivered using a Nokia XS-250WX-A ONT, as shown below:

Figure 10 Hyperfibre ONT

This ONT has the following characteristics:

Mode Bridged or Residential Gateway Mode

Ethernet Ethernet II or 802.3 untagged interface

ARP = maximum 10 packets per second for each direction

DHCP = 10 packets per second for each direction

UNI Port (Bridged Mode) • 1 x 100M/1G/2.5G/5G/10GBase-T RJ-45 port;




Residential Gateway function ports • 1 x 100M/1G/2.5G/5G/10GBase-T RJ-45 port;

• 4 x 10/100/1000Base-T RJ-45 ports;

• 2 x ATA Port;

• 802.11n 3x3 MIMO in 2.4GHz 802.11ac 4x4 MIMO in 5GHz

• 2x USB 2.0 ports

See section 6 for more information on the Hyperfibre ONT Residential Gateway function and

attributes.

5.3. OVC logical architecture

The Hyperfibre product supports the exchange of data between a Customer site and a Service

Provider Point of Presence by the use of Operator Virtual Connections (OVCs). An OVC is the

association, and associated traffic policies, between a User Network Interface (UNI) located at the Customer site and an External Network to Network Interface (E-NNI) located at the Point of Interconnect (POI).

Figure 11 Hyperfibre OVC Logical Architecture in Bridged

If the Hyperfibre ONT is in RGW Mode then the OVC terminates on the Residential Gateway function of the Hyperfibre ONT, and the Customer facing ports are associated with this Residential Gateway function.

E-N

NI

Hyperfibre ONT

Access-EVPL OVC

Port

Port

Ingress/Egress Policy

SAP SAP


Port

Port

Port

Residential Gateway

Figure 12 Hyperfibre OVC Logical Architecture in RGW Mode

The UNI and E-NNI are composed of a:

• Physical interface;

o The 10GBase-T Mbps Ethernet port on the ONT (UNI); or

o The 10/100 Gbps port(s) at the POI;

o In RGW Mode, this interface is internal to the ONT.

• Logical interface;

o The Service Access Point (SAP) associated with the physical interface.

E-N

NI

UN

I

OVC

Port Port


SAP SAP





The key characteristics of the OVC are:

Characteristic Description

SAP The Service Access Point (SAP) is the logical interface for the OVC, associated with the physical interface.

It supports the ingress/egress policy for the OVC and forwards frames

There is one SAP at each end of the OVC

Ingress Policy The ingress policy performs the following functions:

• Defines how frames are associated with an OVC;

• Defines how frames are classified (Traffic Class); and

• Applies the subscribed bandwidth policy

There is one ingress policy applied for upstream traffic, applied at the UNI, and a separate ingress policy applied for downstream traffic applied at the E-NNI.

Association The association forwards frames from the ingress Service Access Point (SAP) to the egress SAP according to the Traffic Class policies in § 5.5.

Egress Policy The egress policy determines how frames are delivered from the OVC to the physical port (UNI downstream or E-NNI upstream), as per the Traffic Class

policies in § 5.5.

5.4. Class of Service design

A key characteristic of Hyperfibre is the ability to provide multiple Classes of Service (CoS), each with a separate traffic contract.

The Hyperfibre CoS based design allows for the different traffic types to be treated with different priority, and enables Service Providers to differentiate their applications across the network, as shown in the table below:

Class 802.1p Description

Low Traffic Class

0 Intended to be used by internet applications that are not latency or jitter sensitive, such as browsing, email etc.

High Traffic Class

5 Intended to be used by applications that have significant latency constraints, such as VoIP.

Note that different implementations of these applications may have quite different Customer performance results.

It is the responsibility of the Service Provider or Customer to ensure traffic is tagged with the appropriate priority setting.

Untagged traffic is always treated as Low Traffic Class.




5.4.1. Hyperfibre 2 PCP settings – Bridged mode (tagging = on)

• Upstream • Frames with 802.1p tag of 5 will be treated as High Traffic Class; • Frames with 802.1p tag of 0 will be treated as Low Traffic Class; • Frames with 802.1p tags of 1, 2,3,4,6 and 7 will be treated as Low Traffic Class and marked 0

on egress; • Untagged frames submitted at the UNI will be discarded.

UNI PCP Class Direction S-PCP C-PCP

Untagged Low → discarded

0 Low → 0 0

1 Low → 0 0

2 Low → 0 0

3 Low → 0 0

4 Low → 0 0

5 High → 5 5

6 Low → 0 0

7 Low → 0 0

• Downstream

• The 802.1ad SVID PCP markings will be used to determine the traffic class. • Frames with SVID PCP tag of 5 will be treated as High Traffic Class; • Frames with SVID PCP tag of 0 will be treated as Low Traffic Class; • Frames with SVID PCP tags of 1, 2,3,4,6 and 7 will be treated as Low Traffic Class and marked

0 on egress; • PCP settings for 802.1q Frames leaving the UNI CVID will be set to the SVID PCP settings.


0 Low ← 0 X

0 Low ← 1 X

0 Low ← 2 X

0 Low ← 3 X

0 Low ← 4 X

5 High ← 5 X

0 Low ← 6 X

0 Low ← 7 X

• Where:

• X means C-PCP is ignored although it is recommended that the C-PCP is set to the same value as the S-PCP to avoid confusion when troubleshooting.

Downstream

Upstream

UN

I

E-N

NI

Broadband Customer

Service ProviderHyperfibre 2 Access




5.4.2. Hyperfibre 2 PCP settings – Bridged mode (tagging = off)

• Upstream • Tagged frames, irrespective of 802.1p values, will be discarded; • Untagged frames will be tagged and marked with an 802.1p tag of 0 and treated as Low Traffic

Class.


Untagged Low → 0 0

0 Low → Discarded

1 Low → Discarded

2 Low → Discarded

3 Low → Discarded

4 Low → Discarded

5 High → Discarded

6 Low → Discarded

7 Low → Discarded

• Downstream

• The 802.1ad SVID PCP markings will be used to determine the traffic class.

• Frames with SVID PCP tag of 5 will be treated as High Traffic Class; • Frames with SVID PCP tag of 0 will be treated as Low Traffic Class; • Frames with SVID PCP tags of 1, 2,3,4,6 and 7 will be treated as Low Traffic Class; • The 802.1q tag will be removed at the UNI and thus UNI PCP does not exist.


- Low ← 0 X

- Low ← 1 X

- Low ← 2 X

- Low ← 3 X

- Low ← 4 X

- High ← 5 X

- Low ← 6 X

- Low ← 7 X

• Where: • X means C-PCP is ignored although it is recommended that the C-PCP is set to the same value

as the S-PCP to avoid confusion when troubleshooting.

Downstream

Upstream

UN

I

E-N

NI

Broadband Customer





5.4.3. Hyperfibre 2 PCP settings – RGW mode

Downstream

Upstream

Re

sid

en

tia

l G

ate

wa

y

E-N

NI

Access-EVPL

Broadband Customer


1 x 100M/1G/2.5G/5G/10Gbps

4 x 10/100/1000 Mbp

2 x ATA Port


• Upstream • Tagged frames submitted at the Residential Gateway ports will be discarded; • Untagged frames submitted at the Residential Gateway ports will be tagged and marked with an

802.1p tag of 0 and treated as Low Traffic Class.

• Voice frames from the ATA port will be tagged and marked with an 802.1p tag of 5 and treated as High Traffic Class.


Untagged Low → 0 0

0 - → Discarded

1 - → Discarded

2 - → Discarded

3 - → Discarded

4 - → Discarded

5 - → Discarded

6 - → Discarded

7 - → Discarded

• Downstream

• The 802.1ad SVID PCP markings will be used to determine the traffic class. • Frames with SVID PCP tag of 5 will be treated as High Priority; • Frames with SVID PCP tag of 0 will be treated as Low Traffic Class and untagged on egress at

the RGW ports; • Frames with SVID PCP tags of 1, 2,3,4,6 and 7 will be treated as Low Traffic Class and untagged

on egress at the Residential Gateway ports;

• Voice frames should have an SVID PCP tag of 5

Eth Port Class Direction S-PCP C-PCP

untagged Low ← 0 X





untagged High ← 5 X



• Where:

• X means C-PCP is ignored although it is recommended that the C-PCP is set to the same value as the S-PCP to avoid confusion when troubleshooting.




5.4.4. Hyperfibre 3a PCP settings

•

• • 802.1p tags of the upstream 802.1q frame and 802.1p tags of the CVLAN of the downstream

802.1ad frame will be carried unchanged.

• Upstream frames with an 802.1p tag of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 will be encapsulated in an SVLAN with an 802.1p tag of 5 and treated as High Traffic Class.

• Upstream frames that are untagged will be tagged with a VLAN ID of 0 and an 802.1p value of 0.

• Frames with an 802.1p tag of 0 will be encapsulated in an SVLAN with an 802.1p tag of 0 and treated as Low Traffic Class.


Untagged Low → 0 Untagged

0 Low → 0 0

1 High → 5 1

2 High → 5 2

3 High → 5 3

4 High → 5 4

5 High → 5 5

6 High → 5 6

7 High → 5 7

• Downstream frames with an SVLAN 802.1p tag of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 will be treated as High

Traffic Class. • Frames with an SVLAN 802.1p tag of 0 will be treated as Low Traffic Class.


N Low ← 0 N

N High ← 1 N

N High ← 2 N

N High ← 3 N

N High ← 4 N

N High ← 5 N

N High ← 6 N

N High ← 7 N

• Where: • Untagged frames are dropped;

• N = means PCP value is preserved, i.e. N = untagged, 0,1,2,3,4,5,6 or 7;

Downstream

Upstream

UN

I

E-N

NI

Broadband Customer

Service ProviderHyperfibre 3a Access




5.4.5. Class of Service notes

Downstream traffic classification is only based on SVID markings.

Hyperfibre Education offers are variants of Hyperfibre 3a for specified Education Customers.

End-to-end performance will depend on the Handover and Backhaul components, the Service Provider’s network, the end-to-end routing, the Customer environment and the actual application used.

5.5. Hyperfibre Ethernet architecture

In bridged mode, each Hyperfibre Access-EVPL or Access-EPL provides a UNI to E-NNI service with a specified traffic contract comprising of High and Low Traffic Class bandwidth allowances. In RGW mode, the Hyperfibre Access-EVPL provides a Residential Gateway to E-NNI service with a specified traffic contract comprising of Low Traffic Class bandwidth allowances.

If the Customer or Service Provider exceeds the High Traffic Class traffic contract, then the excess

traffic is randomly discarded, and the service performance targets will no longer be met.

If Low Traffic Class traffic exceeds the network capacity, then this traffic will be queued and finally

randomly discarded – however High Traffic Class traffic will not be affected. Low Traffic Class applications should be designed to expect this behaviour under network congestion, up to the specified performance characteristics.

The following Ethernet protocols are supported on Hyperfibre:

Figure 13 Hyperfibre Ethernet protocols – Bridged mode

Figure 14 Hyperfibre Ethernet protocols – RGW mode

In bridged mode, Hyperfibre will support either tagged (802.1q) or untagged (Ethernet II or 802.3) frames at the Customer side, depending on the tagging settings. However, 802.1q is needed for the UNI (in bridged mode) to recognise frames as High Traffic Class.

In RGW mode, the Hyperfibre ONT will only expect untagged frames, although tagging can be

configured using the Web GUI or Remote Management Service.

Note that in RGW mode the WAN interface is tagged (to support voice). Service Providers should therefore set the UNI to tagged mode as the WAN-UNI interface must match, or all frames will be discarded. We expect to remove this requirement in a future release, i.e. set the UNI to tagged mode

irrespective of OVC tagging value.

HyperfibreONT

10GigEUNI

Ethernet II802.3

802.1q E-N

NI 802.1ad

HyperfibreONT

1 x 100M/1G/2.5G/5G/10Gbps

4 x 10/100/1000 Mbp

2 x ATA Port


Ethernet II802.3

E-N

NI 802.1ad




Hyperfibre ONT

Access-EVPLTagging = ON

Web GUI

1 x 100M/1G/2.5G/5G/10Gbps

4 x 10/100/1000 Mbp

2 x ATA Port


Residential

Gateway Function

UNI(tagged)

WAN(tagged)

Figure 15 OVC tagging in RGW mode

E-NNI traffic must be 802.1ad, noting that other Ethertypes can be supported.

The figure below shows the format of the Ethernet frames for tagging Hyperfibre traffic:

Figure 16 Enhanced frames format

The format of the 802.1q tag is shown below

Figure 17 802.1q tags

Tag Protocol Identifier (TPID) is a 16-bit field containing the Ethertype. This is set to 0x8100 for

802.1q frames. For 802.1ad Frames the inner tag is set to 0x8100 and the outer set to 0x88a8.

Priority Code Point (PCP) is a 3-bit field which refers to the 802.1p priority. This is assigned the values of 0 for Low Traffic Class or 5 for High Traffic Class.

The Discard Eligible Indicator (DEI) is set to 0, for backwards compatibility with early 802.1q standards.

The VLAN Identifier (VID) is a 12-bit field identifying the VLAN. This is set as follows:

• Access (802.1q) (bridged mode only) • VLAN is set to 10 for Hyperfibre 2 reference offers; • VLAN is transparent for Hyperfibre 3a reference offers. • Handover (802.1ad) - VLANs are determined by Chorus where: • For Hyperfibre 2 the Service VID/Customer VID is unique to an Access-EVPL.

• For Hyperfibre 3a the Service VID is unique to an Access-EPL.

Note that across multiple handovers for the same Service Provider there will be replication of SVIDs and SVID/CVID combinations on different handovers. This can be prevented by assigning an SVID whitelist to each handover, or by selecting the SVID or SVID/CVID per Product Instance.

1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 1 2 . . . n 1 2 3 4

1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 1 2 1 2 . . . n 1 2 3 4

1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 1 2 . . . n 1 2 3 4

Frame Checksum

Sequence (FCS)

Service VLAN Tag Customer VLAN Tag

Frame Checksum

Sequence (FCS)

72-1

526 b

yte

s

Handover

802.1

ad

Destination MAC Source MAC Outer Tag Inner TagType /

Length

Payload

(46-1500 bytes)

Payload

(46-1500 bytes)

Frame Checksum

Sequence (FCS)

68-1

522 b

yte

s

Access

802.1

q

Destination MAC Source MAC 802.1Q TagType /

Length

Payload

(46-1500 bytes)

64-1

518 b

yte

s

Access

802.3 Destination MAC Source MAC

Type /

Length

16 bits 3 bits 1 bit 12 bits

TPID(Tag Protocol Identifier)

PCP(Priority Code Point)

DEI(Discard Eligibility Indicator)

VID(VLAN Identifier)




Downstream frames smaller than 100 Bytes are padded to 100 Bytes + S-tag (104 Bytes total). This padding has caused issues with Connectivity Fault Management (CFM) 802.1ag frames for older CPE.

5.5.1. MAC awareness

Hyperfibre 2 is MAC aware. A Service Provider cannot forward Ethernet frames from one Hyperfibre 2 instance to another Hyperfibre 2 instance on the same OLT as the OLT will discard the downstream

Ethernet frame due to a MAC address conflict.

5.6. Traffic management

The Hyperfibre Traffic Profiles are applied at the ingress to the OVC in each direction as shown below:

Figure 18 Hyperfibre traffic profiles

Hyperfibre supports CIR and EIR for High and Low Traffic Class traffic as follows:

Service High Traffic Class Low Traffic Class

CIR EIR CIR EIR

Hyperfibre 2 ✓ ✓

Hyperfibre 3a ✓ ✓

Note that, in RGW mode the upstream traffic contract is applied to the Residential Gateway WAN

interface and is not directly visible to Customer devices.

5.6.1. Upstream Traffic profile

The Time-Division Multiplexing nature of XGSPON means that frames can only egress the ONT based on the XGSPON bandwidth profile. This TDM interface therefore acts like a physical interface set to

the XGSPON bandwidth profile. This creates an effect called serialisation delay.

Serialisation delay occurs where frames must be queued before egressing the interface. Upstream frames on an XGSPON network must wait for a previously allocated timeslot or a new timeslot to be allocated.

It is most noticeable for large frames sizes on low bandwidth services, i.e. High Traffic Class CIR, and when a burst of frames is sent. Real-time applications, such as voice, tend to use smaller frames and are not bursty, as such, they are less likely to notice this characteristic.

The Hyperfibre ONT will buffer frames at the TDM interface resulting in the upstream traffic contract sharing characteristics with a shaper.

Serialisation delays occur on any interface but will be relatively small downstream.

Hyperfibre applies additional XGSPON non-assured bandwidth to High Traffic Class bandwidths so

that under normal conditions the XGSPON can allocate additional unused timeslots from other customers thus speeding up the egress of frames leaving the ONT. This will significantly reduce the serialisation delay effect under burst conditions and is primarily there to ensure the CBS can be forwarded within SLA.

Note that the ingress policer (section 5.6.2)will enforce the High Traffic Class traffic contract, i.e. discard frames if the CIR/CBS is exceeded, so CPE should schedule traffic to meet the traffic contract specified in Appendix I.

5.6.2. Ingress Policers

Traffic Contracts are enforced through MEF-compliant Three-Colour, Two Bucket policers per class. For upstream these policers are implemented in the OLT, i.e. after the serialisation effect outlined above.

Up

stream

Traffic

Co

ntra

ct

Do

wn

stre

amTr

aff

icC

on

tra

ct

UN

I

E-N

NI




Policers are defined using the following attributes:

Attribute Description Values

CIR Committed Information Rate

Defines the average rate in bits/s of Service Frames up to which the network delivers Service Frames and meets the CIR performance objectives defined by the CoS Service Attribute.

As per Offer

CBS Committed

Burst Size

Limits the maximum number of bytes available for a

burst of Service Frames sent at the UNI speed to remain CIR-conformant.

As per Offer

EIR Excess

Information Rate

Defines the average rate in bits/s of Service Frames up

to which the network delivers Service Frames and meets the EIR performance objectives defined by the CoS Service Attribute.

As per Offer

EBS Excess Bust size

Limits the maximum number of bytes available for a burst of Service Frames sent at the UNI speed to remain EIR-conformant.

As per Offer

CM Colour Mode Indicates whether a pre-determined level of Bandwidth

Profile compliance for each Service Frame is considered by the Bandwidth Profile.

Colour blind

CF Coupling Flag Allows the choice between two modes of operation of

the rate enforcement algorithm. Off (0)

The CIR and EIR values are as per the plan and are calculated as follows:

• The Upstream bandwidth policer includes the untagged or tagged (802.1q) frame headers and FCS but excludes preamble, frame delimiters and inter-frame gaps.

• The Downstream bandwidth policer includes the frame headers and FCS but excludes the preamble, 802.1ad outer tag, frame delimiters and inter-frame gaps.

5.6.3. Ingress Policer specification

The following table shows the Low Traffic Class Ingress Policer specifications. These are symmetric, i.e. apply both upstream and downstream:

Headline (Gbps)

EIR (Mbps) EBS (kB)

500 550 250

1000 1100 250

2000 2200 550

4000 4400 1100

8000 8400 2200

The following table shows the High Traffic Class Ingress Policer specifications.

CIR (Mbps) CBS (kB)

2.5 32

10 32

20 32

30 32

40 32

50 32

60 38

70 44




CIR (Mbps) CBS (kB)

80 50

90 57

100 63

Appendix I contains the complete Traffic Contract specification for all Hyperfibre Offers.

5.7. IP addressing

Hyperfibre is an Ethernet tail that can be used to extend Retail Service Provider’s Layer 2 or Layer 3 networks.

All Layer 3 IP characteristics and features, including IP addressing, are the responsibility of the Service Provider. Examples of mechanisms that might be used by Service Providers to allocate IP addresses to Customers are:

• PPPoE. This would be supported by many legacy and current generation devices utilized to deliver UBS or Basic UBA services, as well as many L2TP gateways. However, the Service Provider must ensure such devices support priority-tagging and 802.1Q VLAN marking of the Ethernet frames.

• DHCP. This will allocate an IP address to one or more devices at the Customer premises. DHCP discovery broadcasts should not be broadcast between Customers.

• Static allocation, i.e. a dedicated IP interface per VLAN with permanently assigned IP addresses

and routes (or advertised routes). •

5.8. Service Component identifiers

Port IDs, Service IDs and VLAN IDs are used for interaction between Chorus and Service Providers:

ID What it is used for Visibility to SP When does it change

Product Instance ID (PID)

Reference to Service Instance

Also known as Access

Service ID (ASID)

Included in provisioning service request.

Reference for new

Service requests

Reference for Billing

Reference for Assure

Optionally inserted into DHCP or PPPoE requests

New Service

Change Address

Transfer

VLAN IDs

(SVID, CVID)

Unique VLAN at Ethernet handover so Service Provider can send and receive traffic

Included in provisioning service request.

Handover Connection

New Service

Change Address

Change Handover Connection

Networks restructure.

Modify Attribute

Circuit/Port ID

Unique ID to identify physical port. Can be used for security

Optionally inserted into DHCP requests

Also, can be inserted in

PPPoE PADI packets.

New Service

Change Address

Change Handover Connection

Networks restructure.

Faulty Port

UNI ID This indicates the physical Ethernet port on the ONT and is only unique to the ONT associated with the Product Instance.

Included in provisioning service request and visible on Chorus Portal

Not applicable as bridged mode only supports 10GigE port. RGW Mode currently allocates all ONT ports to the Residential Gateway function.




ID What it is used for Visibility to SP When does it change

Bitstream OVC ID

This is a numerical

identifier and is unique to a product instance.

It does not correlate to physical port

Optionally inserted into DHCP requests

Also, can be inserted in PPPoE PADI packets.

New Service

Change Address

Transfer

5.8.1. Security

Each Hyperfibre OVC is delivered to the Service Provider as a dedicated VLAN and while traffic is aggregated, it is not possible for data to ‘leak’ between Customers.

Since each Customer uses the same 802.1q VLAN, which is then translated into a unique VLAN within the Chorus network, it is not possible for a Customer to spoof a neighbour’s VLAN. If the incorrect

VLAN is provided by the Customer, then the frame will be discarded

The OVC ID and Circuit IDs used by Hyperfibre 2 are inserted by the Chorus network and cannot be altered by the Customers. They can therefore be used by Service Providers as an additional level of security to verify that traffic is coming from a specific Customer, e.g. to prevent ‘spoofing’.

5.9. OVC, UNI and Circuit IDs

Hyperfibre provides the following OVC, UNI and Circuit IDs:

ID Format

Product Instance ID (PID) 10 digits numerical, i.e. 1234567890

UNI ID 1

Bitstream OVC ID CHORUS1234567890B01*

Circuit ID See below

* Format = “CHORUS” + Product Instance ID + “B01”. Multi-OVC offers would be “B02”, “B03” etc.

Hyperfibre 2 contains an optional feature where the Remote ID (Access-EVPL OVC ID) and Circuit IDs are inserted by the network into PPPoE or DHCP requests and are thus available to the Service Provider as non-reputable credentials. This information is stored in:

• DHCP

o For IPv4; the DHCP Option 82 format as per RFC 4243:

▪ Remote ID = OVC ID; and

▪ Circuit ID = Interface/Circuit ID.

o For Ipv6;

▪ DHCPv6 Option 18 (Interface ID as per RFC 3315) = Interface/Circuit ID; and

▪ DHCPv6 Option 37 (Remote ID as per RFC 4649) = OVC ID.

• PPPoE

o Remote Station ID – Access-EVPL Bitstream OVC ID. o Calling Station ID = Interface/Circuit ID as per below.




5.9.1. Interface/Circuit ID

The Interface/Circuit ID format is as follows:

???-POLTXX ETH <rack>/<shelf>/<LT>/<PON port>/<ONT>/<ONT Card>/<Port>:<customer VLAN ID>

Where:

• ??? = Site ID, e.g. MDR • XX = Site number, 01-99 • Rack = rack number, always 1 • Shelf = shelf number, always 1 • LT = LT card number, 1-16 • PON port = PON number, 1-16

• ONT = ONT number, 1-32 • ONT Card = card number, 1 for Ethernet, 2 for POTS • Port = port number, 1-4 for Ethernet, 1-2 for the ATA port • Customer VLAN ID = the customer facing VLAN, currently always 10.

5.10. Technical interfaces

This section describes the technical specifications needed to connect Customer or Service Provider equipment to Hyperfibre.

Hyperfibre Access

UN

I

XGS-PONOLT

AggregationNetwork

1 x 100M/1G/2.5G/5G/10Gbps

4 x 10/100/1000 Mbp

2 x ATA Port


Splitter

Point to Multipoint fibre

Hyperfibre ONT(RGW Mode) E-NNI

InterfaceE-N

NI

1 x 100M/1G/2.5G/5G/10Gbp

Hyperfibre ONT(Bridged Mode)

UNI/RGWInterface

Figure 19 Technical Interfaces

Technical Specification

Mode Bridged or RGW Mode

Ethernet Ethernet II or 802.3 untagged interface

ARP = maximum 10 packets per second for each direction

DHCP = 10 packets per second for each direction

UNI Port (Bridged Mode) 1 x 100M/1G/2.5G/5G/10GBase-T RJ-45 port;





Residential Gateway ports (RGW Mode)

ONT supports:

• 1 x 100M/1G/2.5G/5G/10GBase-T RJ-45 port;

• 4 x 10/100/1000Base-T RJ-45 ports;

• 2 x ATA Port;

• 802.11n 3x3 MIMO in 2.4GHz 802.11ac 4x4 MIMO in 5GHz

• 2x USB 2.0 ports

UFB Handover Connection (E-NNI) Ethernet:

• 802.1ad VLAN (SVID, CVID); or

• Double tagged QinQ.

VLAN Point-to-Point (Access-EVPL, between Residential Gateway

function and E-NNI)

MTU 2000 Bytes

Unicast Frame Delivery = passed within service CIR/EIR

Multicast Frame Delivery = passed within service CIR/EIR

Broadcast Frame Delivery = passed within service CIR/EIR

Layer 2 Control Protocols Processing = Initially none (but may be amended by LFC from time to time)

Fibre External fibre must comply with ITU-T specification G.652D or

657A.

Internal building fibre cables must meet appropriate fire regulations i.e. be Flame-Retardant, Non-Corrosive, Low

Smoke, Zero Halogen (FRNC/LSZH).

Connector Type Fibre terminations must be SC/APC type connectors (complying with the IEC 61754-4 standard) or alternatively

LC/APC also known as LCA type connectors (complying with the IEC 61754-20 standard) as appropriate.

Optic Path Laser types and path characteristics are expected to be

designed to a minimum standard which are contained in either IEEE 802.3 Section 5 standard or ITU-T G.984 standards.





Fibre Testing Layer 1 All commissioning Layer 1 network testing (LFC site OFDF to end of Communal Network) is by OTDR at two wavelengths, 1310nm and 1550nm using Bi-Directional method in

accordance with Chorus standard described in ND0556.

The methodology used will be based on bi-directionally testing all fibres in the Communal Network required to complete the service.

Network test results are provided by agreement verifying performance features. Refer to the Direct Fibre Services Operations Manual for details.

All Layer 1 network restoration testing will be LFC site OFDF to Premises termination point.

Testing for power loss will be at either 1310 or 1550 nm and

for the XGSPON at 1277nm and 1578nm.

In the event of a fault restoration testing will be to the standard in Optical Performance table below.

The wavelengths of 1625 nm and 1650nm are reserved for network maintenance testing purposes, compliant with ITU-T L.41.

Optical Path performance Communal Network performance

Total PON Insertion Loss (ITU-T G984) = ≤ 28.5db

Network Return Loss = ≥32db

LFC PON system margin (lifetime ageing factor) = 1.5db

Total PON insertion Loss OLT to ONT design target is = ≤ 27.0db (28.5db – 1.5db)

Optical Fibre Attenuation Co-Efficient (L) (ITU-T G.652. &

G657.A) = ≤ 0.4db/km

Splice Loss (S) = ≤ 0.15db

Mated Connector loss (C) = ≤ 0.3db

Mated Connector Reflection = ≥55db

Total Insertion Loss of network (IL) is calculated from IL =

0.4L + 0.15S + 0.3C (excluding PON splitter)

Splitter performance

1:32 = ≤ 17db

1:16 = ≤ 14db (Hyperfibre)

1:8 = ≤ 11db

1:4 = ≤ 7.3db

1:2 = ≤ 4.0db

Hyperfibre components

Co-existence module = ≤1.1db

Network Testing Layer 2 Network test results will be limited during the field trial.

Hyperfibre PON diagnostics are not available through Check Mate or Line Test API




5.10.1. Customer Interface security settings

The following rules will be applied at the interface between the Customer and the Chorus network:

• If the Customer sends a frame with an Ethertype of 0x8100 then the ONT will assume it is tagged and (in bridged mode) pass it provided the VLAN ID is valid;

• If the Customer sends a frame with an Ethertype of 0x88a8 then the ONT will discard the frame; • If the Customer sends a frame with an Ethertype OTHER than 0x8100 or 0x88a8* then the ONT

will regard it as untagged and encapsulate it with an 802.1q tag with the default VLAN ID, retaining the original Ethertype;

• 802.1q frames with an incorrect VLAN tag (ID, DEI = 1 or PCP) will be discarded; • Frames in excess of High Traffic Class or Low Traffic Class traffic profiles (CIR, CBS, EIR, EBS)

will be discarded; • Frames in excess of the MTU will be discarded. The MTU includes the C-tag and the S-tag inserted

by the OLT for transport across the Local Aggregation Path. Thus: • For Hyperfibre 2: • any 802.1q frames in excess of 1996 bytes will be discarded; and

• Any untagged frames in excess of 1992 bytes will be discarded.

• For Hyperfibre 3a: • any frame in excess of 1996 bytes will be discarded.

5.10.2. Service Provider Interface security settings

The following rules will be applied at the interface between the Service Provider and the Chorus network:

• Incorrect VLAN ID (S-VID/C-VID) marked traffic discarded. • Frames not tagged (S-tag) with Ethertype x88A8 will be discarded [unless customer Ethertype

is requested, e.g. 0x8100 for Q-in-Q compatibility]; • Frames in excess of High Traffic Class or Low Traffic Class traffic profiles (CIR, CBS, EIR, EBS)

will be discarded; • Untagged frames discarded; • Single tagged frames for Hyperfibre 2 will be discarded. • Frames in excess of 2000 bytes, including S-tag and C-tag (if applicable) will be discarded.

5.11. Customer traffic security

This section is intended to be a high-level overview only and it is recommended that each Service Provider develop and maintains their own security policy consistent with the type of traffic being transported.

There are two kinds of security threats that could impact the integrity of the Customer’s communication:

• Interception of Customer communications;

• Interruption of communications flow.

These threats could occur due to deliberate or accidental attacks:

• Accidental attacks are where someone is not trying to do harm but accidentally monitors or

impacts the Customer’s traffic.

• Deliberate attacks are where someone is deliberately trying to intercept or degrade the

Customer’s traffic.

• • Hyperfibre uses a shared XGS-enabled point to access where multiple users are connected on

the same physical architecture:




•

Figure 20 XGSPON shared access

The shared nature of the XGSPON network requires some unique security considerations.

Risk Mitigation

Another Customer on the PON being able to see downstream traffic

Although all ONTs on a PON see all downstream frames for all Customers on the same PON, all frames are encrypted using a 128-bit AES algorithm to ensure only the target ONT can view their specific downstream traffic

Another Customer on the PON being able to see upstream traffic

It would be very difficult, although not impossible, for a Customer device to detect reflections of another user’s upstream transmissions. These technical difficulties, coupled with the logistical complexities such as being on the same PON and separating the target’s specific traffic, means that the risk of interception is very low.

Rogue ONTs All ONTs are configured with a unique, hidden, identifier which is then stored in the Chorus management system and used to securely download the configuration. Any rogue ONT would not be able to connect to the network.

There is potential for Denial of Service (DOS) attacks on the PON although the risk is small. The Chorus OLT will automatically isolate the rogue ONT causing the issue and generate an alarm to the Chorus Management

Masquerading as a Customer’s ONT

The risk of masquerading is very small as the attacker would need to

be on the same PON and know the hidden identifier, which is not readable from the ONT externally. If a rogue ONT is somehow configured with the same identifier as an active ONT then the second ONT will not register.

Interception of fibre Chorus exchanges and common infrastructure provides high physical

security against malicious interception of a fibre access. Physical security between the fibre ETP and the ONT within the Customer premises is the responsibility of the Customer. Downstream frames are protected through 128-bit AES encryption.

Malicious or targeted security breaches from another ONT/Customer site would be logistically difficult

as they require the attacker to be on the same PON. There is no practical way for a Customer to know if they are on the same PON as a target Customer as Customers are allocated to a PON on a first come first serve basis. Customers physically next to each other could easily be on different PONs particularly if they ordered service at different times.

ONT

ONT

OLT

Split

ter

ONT

ONT

Split ratio

10 Gbps broadcast (encrypted)

10 Gbps Time Division Multiplexed




5.11.1. OVC

Frames are assigned to the OVC based on their VLAN ID. Chorus has undertaken extensive penetration testing to ensure that: • Ethernet frames cannot ‘leak’ between OVCs;

• Ethernet frames cannot ‘leak’ between Service Providers; • Ethernet frames cannot ‘leak’ into the Chorus management domain or affect the integrity of the

network; Denial of service attacks from one user or Service Provider cannot impact another Service Provider or user. There may be an impact on contended services throughput. Frames tagged with incorrect PCP or VLAN IDs will be discarded on ingress.

5.11.2. Security outside the Chorus Domain

Customer traffic security needs to be considered across the end to end communication path, not just

the Chorus input services. The following are some of the key considerations: • Security within the Customer Premises, including:

o Physical security between the UNI and the Customer devices using the service; o Physical and application of the Customer devices; o Wireless access points;

• Security within the Service Provider network;

o User to User security policies; o Denial of Service Protection

• Security of applications and transport service, such as Internet • Security needs to be appropriate and proportional to the impact of the security being

compromised.

5.11.3. Encryption of Customer data

Customers concerned with security of information should consider encrypting user data. Customer encryption policies should be based on the sensitivity of the information and the consequences of

that data being compromised. Regardless of the access technology, there is always some level of risk of interception. Chorus recommends that encryption should be considered independent of the access technology.




6. Residential Gateway Specifications

The Hyperfibre ONT includes a Residential Gateway, as shown below:

Residential Gateway Function

Access-EVPLResidential

Gateway Function

Web GUI

Monitoring, Control,

Configuration

Remote Management

Service

Service Provider

Network POP

API

s

1 x 100M/1G/2.5G/5G/10Gbps

4 x 10/100/1000 Mbp

2 x ATA Port


(Nov 2020)

Figure 21 The Residential Gateway function

If the Customer requests RGW Mode, then the Hyperfibre ONT is configured as a Residential Gateway, noting that:

• Chorus will pre-configure the Hyperfibre ONT to talk to Service Provider’s BNG, i.e. set up a WAN interface (PPPoE, DHCP);

• The Remote Management Service is under development, with a Web GUI expected in November and APIs in Q1 2021;

• Prior to the implementation of the Remote Management Service, the following limitations apply:

o The Hyperfibre Residential Gateway functions are only configurable by the Customer using the local Web GUI;

o Voice via the ATA ports has limited support, i.e. cannot be remotely configured.

• The access details (SSID and password) for the Hyperfibre Residential Gateway Wi-Fi and web GUI are printed on a label located on the bottom of the ONT.

Function Specification

Residential Gateway

function Configuration

and Management

Web GUI management

Remote Management Service under development

WAN Interface ARP Upstream every 60s

DHCP or PPPoE with optional Product Instance ID insertion.

Physical Interfaces 10 Gbps interface supports 100M/1G/2.5G/5G/10Gbps auto negotiation

Four RJ-45 10/100/1000 Ethernet port with auto negotiation and

MDI/MDIX auto sensing

Two POTS ports for carrier grade voice services

Two USB 3.0 ports, accessible to all LAN devices

Wi-Fi Concurrent 802.11n 3x3 MIMO in 2.4GHz and 802.11ac 4x4 MIMO in

5GHz

64/128 WEP encryption

WPA, WPA-PSK/TKIP

WPA2, WPA2-PSK/AES

Multiple SSIDs




Function Specification

ONT Characteristics Built-in layer 2 switch; Line Rate L2 traffic

512M RAM and 256M Flash

WLAN on/off push button

WPS on/off button

Ethernet Traffic classification and QoS capability

VLAN tagging/detagging and marking/remarking of IEEE 802.1p per

Ethernet port.

Forward Error Correction (FEC)

Frame Check Sequence (FCS) error counter

Ethernet-based Point-to-Point (PPPoE)

Traffic classification and QoS capability

Routed mode per LAN port

ATA Voice SIP voice support

Multiple voice Code

DTMF dialling

Echo cancellation (G.168)

Fax mode configuration (T.30/T.38)

Caller ID, call waiting, call hold, 3-way calling, call transfer, message

waiting

NZ Tones and default number plans.

Residential Gateway

functions

Triple-Play services, including voice, video and high-speed Internet

access

IP video distribution

DHCP client/server

DNS server/client

DDNS

Port forwarding

Network Address Translation (NAT)

Network Address Port Translation (NAPT)

UPnP IGD2.0 support

ALG

DMZ

IGMP snooping and proxy (v2/v3)

Performance monitoring and alarm reporting

IP/MAC/URL filter

Multi-level firewall and ACL




7. Optimising Customer Experience

The aim of this section is to provide guidelines and recommendations as to how Service Providers can provide the optimum experience to Customers.

It is recommended that the Service Provider approach covers both technical optimisation and a Customer story that informs Customers as to what their experience should be, and why.

7.1. Customer Experience

The move to multi-gigabit speeds creates opportunities and challenges.

Gigabit+ speeds provide customers with a greatly enhanced broadband experience. It allows multiple applications and devices to get the bandwidth they desire, when they want to use it. The high burst capability allows much faster downloads. It also lets video stream rapidly, and seamlessly fast forward.

However, there are many factors that affect customers’ ability to experience these speeds. Thus, a key challenge with these multi-gigabit services is closing the gap between customers’ expectations (driven by the headline speeds) and their ability to experience these speeds.

As an industry, we cannot expect the majority of customers to understand the limitations and characteristics of their broadband speed without assistance. The onus is on us to manage these expectations by creating the right conversations up front and support this with consistent behaviour, messaging, education, information and tools.

• Set expectations up front;

• Optimise the broadband experience;

• Managing speed queries;

• Educating Customers;

• Providing training and support materials.

7.2. Managing Customer expectations

Internet services are designed for highly stochastic behaviour, i.e. the demand for bandwidth of each user varies significantly over time, even during the peak demand period. This has the benefit that by sharing common resources each individual service can benefit from unused resources of the other users providing a Customer experience far in excess of the average resources allocated to the

Customer. The downside to this mechanism though is that resources are rarely reserved for individual services and thus Customer experience cannot be guaranteed. Other factors, such as latency or error correction protocols, can limit throughput even when the network is lightly loaded.

There is therefore potential for large differences between an individual’s expectations and their actual

experience and significant challenges in addressing this gap due to the complexity of the relationship.

There are some approaches/principles described below that may assist in managing these expectations, but it is up to each Retail Service Provider to identify their own strategy to address these gaps.

7.2.1. Setting expectations up front

When creating an offer in the market, consideration should be made towards the target market and what applications and content they may want to access. The requirements of a business service may be very different from a family service. A gamer may want very different behaviour from their service than a remote worker. Individuals may be both a gamer and a video streamer, and households may contain a wide range of people trying to use the internet at the same time.

Describing the offer to customers should include clear information about what customer experience they can reasonably expect, before they consume it. This will not only reduce subsequent support costs but will provide a better overall customer experience and may prevent them being disappointed or frustrated later.

A key to providing an optimum experience is channelling customers to the right service for their needs and encouraging them to change their service as their needs change. This may not matter for all customers, but it is important to identify when this is required and to provide the tools and information to facilitate such channelling.




One of the advantages of the multi-gigabit offers is that, apart from very niche activities like running speed meters, access speed is less of a constraint on individual applications. Thus, the offer is suitable for a wide range of activities and scenarios, provided customers do not have an unrealistic expectation on what their applications can achieve.

7.2.2. Optimising the experience

The Customer experience depends on the path between them and the content they are accessing.

Figure 22 Customer experience

There are several ways customer experience can be optimised:

• Moving content closer to the Customer, particularly caching, content delivery networks (CDNs)

and the speed meter. Ideally the most commonly accessed content would be as close as possible to the handover point between Chorus and a Service Provider’s network.

• Optimising the caching, CDN and speed meter platforms to ensure they support the expected load. If there are loading constraints, such as the number of simultaneous requests, then it

may be worthwhile highlighting these to Customers.

• Implementing capacity management analysis to predict future congestion and augment the network before it happens. As an example, see the Chorus Congestion Free Networks technical white paper, available on the Chorus website.

• Providing advice and support to allow Customers to optimise their home environment.

7.2.3. Managing speed queries

Given the shared nature of broadband services, an individual experiencing performance below their initial expectations is not necessarily a fault. Responses to such queries need to consistent, and might

include:

• Discussions around the applications being used and where the content is sourced;

• Have consistent rules for determining if a service is below the expected threshold, and what actions can be taken.

• Providing diagnostic tools/information to determine if such speeds are from factors within the customer’s control. For example, customers using Wi-Fi are unlikely to get the optimum Hyperfibre experience. Under these circumstances please advise the customer of how they can

reduce such problems.

• You should provide the ability to monitor the problem through to resolution and provide

reasonable remedial actions to address the problem.

Where possible the processes for resolving these issues should be made visible to customers in advance to sets reasonable expectations on how complaints will be managed.

7.2.4. Educating the customer

Educating the customer is not just about setting the right experience, but also providing them with

the information and tools for them to understand what they are experiencing and whether it is simply a characteristic of the service, or a fault.

There are a wide range of customers out there, with varying levels of technical knowledge or experience. Consequently, there will be extremes in their levels of broadband understanding. Thus, educational tools or information may need to be tailored for different customers or applications.

Broadband Customer

Home Network and Devices

Service Provider Applications and

Content

Chorus Max Access

Other Chorus Services, e.g.

Backhaul, Colocation

3rd Party Services, e.g. national

backhaul

Service Provider applications, content,

caching and CDNs

3rd Party Services, e.g. national and

international backhaul

Content




Examples include:

• Providing tools that measure relevant performance in a meaningful way. Hyperfibre-optimised speed meters, for example, provide useful measures of throughput but often give variable results based on routing paths, distance and time of day. Both the benefits and limitations of such tools

should be clear.

• Descriptions of how individual applications or content are expected to perform. You should provide guides on what is reasonable. Customers can then be directed to this information on a case by case basis.

It should be noted that for many applications, speed is not the only factor driving customer experience. For example, while speed may assist sending and receiving large emails, the frequency of spam and viruses might be a larger source of customer dissatisfaction.

• Information needs to cater for technically illiterate as well as technically literate people. It should provide clear information on what factors influence their individual experience. It needs to be clear about what threshold, if any, would be considered unacceptable performance. The customer then has clear guidelines on what to do if they are unhappy about their experience.

• Include information on policies related to; fair usage, traffic management, traffic shaping, usage caps, content caching and other relevant details impacting customers’ experience. Traffic management and shaping information could include; the types of applications / services / protocols affected, and specific information on peak traffic periods.

7.2.5. Training and support material

Customer representatives should provide consistent messaging and should be supported through

training and materials around the expected customer experience.

This messaging should to be reinforced with online based material, perhaps including videos that not only explain the typical customers’ experience but supports them in optimising their experience.

7.2.6. Testing higher speed services

We recommend you measure end-to-end service performance as part of defining your customer

experience. Chorus provides several test facilities to support this activity, and is happy to work with your technical specialists to support such testing if required

Environment Description Types of Testing Notes

1 Non-Production

Environment (NPE)

The Chorus NPE is located in Wellington

and provides a full lab environment and test facilities

Formal testing including technical

interface and compatibility testing.

This is an expensive environment that requires

Service Providers to have equipment in Chorus Laboratory.

2 Innovation Lab

99 Khyber Pass

Auckland-based environment with access to CCIL and production.

Provides CCIL testing for Service Providers outside Auckland. Also supports

Installation testing.

Formal testing.

Service Providers need to have equipment in Chorus Laboratory.

Provides a managed lab facility for Service Providers

3 Chorus Co-Innovation

Laboratory (CCIL)

Isolated production network in Auckland

and Wellington that provides test capabilities to Service Provider laboratories

Allows informal and formal testing of new

offers and features within the Service Provider’s premises.

Intended as the primary onboarding and Co-Innovation

facility.

Currently Hyperfibre is only

available in Auckland CCIL

4 CCIL Test Production-based test circuits for (limited) testing

Allows limited informal and formal testing of new offers and features within the Service

Provider’s premises.

A secondary onboarding and co-innovation environment.

Useful for testing how an offer performs in production.




The following are some key observations/learnings from previous customer experience testing:

• Some routers and Residential Gateways (RGWs) may not be optimised for higher speed offers. This has been particularly noticeable upstream, with some lower-cost Residential Gateways showing frame loss at higher speeds. Even a small amount of frame loss can impact customer

experience.

• Some testing reported higher-than-expected frame loss downstream that was traced back to the way the test equipment was configured. This emphasises how difficult it is to test Hyperfibre speeds.

• Lab environments do not always match production. In particular, Service Providers may use a range of network configuration, backhaul solutions, Residential Gateways or software versions and it may not be practical to reflect every possible combination in a laboratory environment.

• The CCIL Test production facility was introduced to complement laboratory testing for this reason. However, CCIL Test does not support sustained throughput (flood) testing as such testing may affect other (live) Customers on the Chorus network.

7.3. Customer Experience drivers

This section looks at the factors that could prevent users from seeing their maximum bandwidth.

Note that broadband customers only require a fraction of their peak bandwidth most of the time, and thus may rarely notice these constraints.

7.3.1. In the home

Drivers inside the home present unique challenges as they can have a significant impact on customer experience but are largely outside the control of the Service Provider or Chorus. Identifying problems can be tricky and customers may not have the knowledge or experience to fix problems if they are

identified. See section 4 for more information.

7.3.2. In the access

There are several factors in the Hyperfibre access that may limit the customer experience:

Area Potential customer experience issues

UNI Speed

Chorus ‘overclocks’ the Low Traffic Class bandwidth to allow Layer 3+ Speed

Meters to show the headline speed. However, this is not possible with devices that connect to the Hyperfibre ONT via a 1 GigE UNI in RGW mode or a 10 GigE UNI that has a 1 GigE device plugged into it (port will auto-negotiate to 1 GigE). A port operating at 1 GigE would have a maximum Ethernet throughput of ~ 960 Mbps and a maximum Layer3+ throughput of ~ 920-940 Mbps.

Frame Loss within a congestion free

network

A congestion-free network does not guarantee zero frame loss.

Chorus uses Weighted Random Early Detection (WRED) to ensure smooth TCP performance, as network buffer occupancy increases, by selectively discarding frames. Even under a light load, there is a finite chance that a sudden burst of frames will trigger this effect.

The impact of frame loss on typical internet (TCP/IP) traffic is the potential retransmission of lost frames, which ultimately slows the potential maximum observed throughput. The impact of this will vary. Many applications and content servers use a variety of techniques to mitigate this effect including; multiple (parallel) TCP sessions, modern TCP rate control algorithms, window scaling and support for selective acknowledgements.

CPE

Testing has shown that some Residential or Business Gateways may struggle

with higher speed connections, particularly upstream. This is due to limitations in the way some Residential Gateway sends traffic upstream, combined with the XGSPON upstream characteristics (TDM, dynamic bandwidth allocation and Hyperfibre ONT upstream buffer size).




7.3.3. The tyranny of distance

Most internet applications use TCP to provide reliable, ordered and error-checked delivery of traffic from source to destination. Flow control protocols prevent data being sent too fast, by slowing down the transmission of data when congestion is detected.

This flow control requires acknowledgement of data received, known as the TCP Window, which is typically 64kB but can be smaller. If no acknowledgement is received before the window is depleted, then the sender stops sending the traffic.

This is problematic for 1 Gbps+ connections because 64kB can be sent in ~ 60µs. However, the source needs to wait for an acknowledgement before sending more data. The time taken to send the acknowledgement is a direct function of latency and thus distance.

The following graph shows this effect on single (green) and four (yellow) threaded TCP applications:

Figure 23 Speed constraints of distance

The following techniques can be used to mitigate this effect:

• Multi-threaded TCP applications

Using multiple TCP sessions effectively multiplies the throughput based on the number of TCP sessions. For example, modern speed-tests require large numbers of TCP threads.

Most modern applications support multiple threads, but at Gbps speeds this can still be an issue over any distance.

• Window Scaling

Window scaling exponentially increases the window size from 64kB. This can provide significant gains, provided both ends of the session support it. However, such sessions are more susceptible to frame loss.

• Content Caching or Content Delivery Networks

Caching content reduces the distance and not only improves throughput but will reduce congestion of remote links, particularly during busy periods.

7.3.4. In the Service Provider network

Key elements within the Service Provider domain that can improve broadband customers’ experience includes:

• Content Caching or Content Delivery Networks

Caching content reduces the distance. It not only improves throughput but reduces congestion of remote links, particularly during busy periods.

• Domain Name Server

The Domain Name Server is critical for broadband customers to access content. Many web pages contain embedded content, sourced from remote locations. A slow or congested DNS can create a delay prior to content downloading. This can reduce a broadband customer’s experience.

0.0 100.0 200.0 300.0 400.0 500.0 600.0 700.0 800.0 900.0 1000.0

TCP to Local

TCP to Regional

TCP to National

TCP to Sydney, Australia

TCP to Hong Kong, China

TCP to Los Angeles, USA

TCP to New York, USA

TCP to London, UK

Speed




7.4. Traffic Profile matching: optimising experience

The Service Specification parameters only apply to traffic submitted within profile. Thus, submitted frames that exceed the CIR/CBS or EIR/EBS parameters are considered out-of-profile and will be dropped and are not included in the service specification targets.

Internet protocols such as TCP include flow control mechanisms are designed to cope with packet loss by slowing traffic flows down. Frame Loss caused by out-of-profile frames being dropped will

trigger such flow control mechanisms and could degrade the Customer experience. It is strongly recommended that Service Providers minimise this out-of-profile frame loss by grooming traffic to match the ingress policers.

7.4.1. Managing TDM interface Serialisation Delay

The serialisation delay effect caused by the XGSPON upstream TDM interface may cause increased

observed frame delay variation, depending on the burstiness of the submitted traffic and the frame sizes being sent. This effect is more of an issue with inelastic applications such as VoIP that may be

sensitive to Frame Delay variation.

Hyperfibre applies additional XGSPON non-assured bandwidth to low High Traffic Class bandwidths so that under normal conditions the XGSPON can allocate additional unused timeslots from other

customers, thus speeding up the egress of frames leaving the ONT. This will significantly reduce the serialisation delay effect under burst conditions.

To minimise this effect, it is recommended that:

• Small bandwidth traffic profiles are more suited for applications that use smaller frames, such as VoIP;

• Bursty traffic should be minimised, e.g. through egress shapers/schedulers;

• Larger bandwidths (e.g. ≥ 20 Mbps) are used for applications that require larger frames and low Frame Delay Variation.

• Elastic applications, e.g. Internet with large frame sizes, and inelastic applications, e.g. VoIP

with small frames, are not run simultaneously over low bandwidth profiles.




8. Appendix I: Hyperfibre Offer full specification

This section describes the technical specifications for the Hyperfibre Offers.

Notes:

• DS = Downstream

• US = Upstream

• <Select> = Variable, set by Service Provider or Chorus per product instance

• ONT Compatibility: XGS-Standard = Hyperfibre ONT

• BS type is:

o HF2 = Hyperfibre 2 Service Description;

o HF3A = Hyperfibre 3A Service Description;

• Traffic profile characteristics

o Colour Awareness = Colour Blind

o Coupling Flag = Off




Home Hyperfibre and Small Business Hyperfibre Product Specification

Offer Public Segment Offer Primary Geographic Low BW High BW ATA

Classification Zones Bitstream OVC MTU MAC Minimum (Mbps) (Mbps) CE ENNI ENNI RGW WAN UNI Circuit ID Tail Assure Availability Utilisation

variant type (Bytes) Addresses Standard Hyperfibre SFP Backhaul DS/US DS/US VLAN ID SVID CSVID Mode Mode Tagging Insertion ECM Extension Wrapper Reporting Reporting

Home Hyperfibre2000 Public Residential Standard Primary UFB, RBI, Other HF2 Access-EVPL 2000 16 l 10Gbps 2000/2000 */* 0 10 <Select> <Select> RGW/Bridged DHCP/PPP/NONE ON/OFF ON - No Consumer OFF OFF



Small business Hyperfibre1000 Public Business Business Standard Primary UFB, RBI, Other HF2 Access-EVPL 2000 32 l 10Gbps 1000/1000 2.5/2.5 0 10 <Select> <Select> Bridged/RGW DHCP/PPP/NONE ON/OFF ON/OFF - Yes Enterprise OFF/ON OFF/ON

Small business Hyperfibre2000 Public Business Business Standard Primary UFB, RBI, Other HF2 Access-EVPL 2000 32 l 10Gbps 2000/2000 2.5/2.5 0 10 <Select> <Select> Bridged/RGW DHCP/PPP/NONE ON/OFF ON/OFF - No Enterprise OFF/ON OFF/ON



Hyperfibre NGA Offers

Evolve 100-20-2.5-2.5 hf Public Residential Standard Primary UFB, RBI, Other 2* Access-EVPL 2000 16 l 1 Gbps 100/20 2.5/2.5 0 10 <Select> <Select> Bridged/RGW DHCP/PPP/NONE ON/OFF OFF/DHCP/PPP - Yes Consumer OFF OFF

Consumer Max-500-2.5-2.5 hf Public Residential Standard Primary UFB, RBI, Other 2* Access-EVPL 2000 16 l 10Gbps 1000/500 2.5/2.5 0 10 <Select> <Select> Bridged/RGW DHCP/PPP/NONE ON/OFF OFF/DHCP/PPP - Yes Consumer OFF OFF

Small Business Fibre 100-100-2.5-2.5 hf Public Business Business Standard Primary UFB, RBI, Other 2* Access-EVPL 2000 32 l 1 Gbps 100/100 2.5/2.5 0 10 <Select> <Select> Bridged/RGW DHCP/PPP/NONE ON/OFF OFF/DHCP/PPP - Yes Enterprise OFF OFF

Small Business Fibre Max-500-2.5-2.5 hf Public Business Business Standard Primary UFB, RBI, Other 2* Access-EVPL 2000 32 l 10Gbps 1000/500 2.5/2.5 0 10 <Select> <Select> Bridged/RGW DHCP/PPP/NONE ON/OFF OFF/DHCP/PPP - Yes Enterprise OFF OFF

Evolve 200-20-2.5-2.5 hf Public Residential Standard Primary UFB, RBI, Other 2* Access-EVPL 2000 16 l 1 Gbps 200/20 2.5/2.5 1 10 <Select> <Select> Bridged/RGW DHCP/PPP/NONE ON/OFF OFF/DHCP/PPP - Yes Consumer OFF OFF

ONT Compatibility

Bitstream Attributes Other Attributes

* Home Hyperfibre includes nominal High Traffic Class bandwidth to support Voice.

Bitstream Specification:

Offer

Low (Mbps) High (Mbps) (Mbps) (Mbps) EIR EBS CIR CBS EIR EBS CIR CBS EIR EBS CIR CBS EIR EBS CIR CBS

DS/US DS/US Downstream Upstream Mbps kB Mbps kB Mbps kB Mbps kB Mbps kB Mbps kB Mbps kB Mbps kB

Home Hyperfibre2000 2000/2000 2.5/2.5 2200 2200 2200 550 0 0 2200 550 0 0 0 0 2.5 32 0 0 2.5 32

Home Hyperfibre4000 4000/4000 2.5/2.5 4400 4400 4400 1100 0 0 4400 1100 0 0 0 0 2.5 32 0 0 2.5 32

Home Hyperfibre8000 8000/8000 2.5/2.5 8400 8400 8400 2200 0 0 8400 2200 0 0 0 0 2.5 32 0 0 2.5 32

Small business Hyperfibre1000 1000/1000 2.5/2.5 1100 1100 1100 250 0 0 1100 250 0 0 0 0 2.5 32 0 0 2.5 32





Evolve 100-20-2.5-2.5 hf 100/20 2.5/2.5 110 22 107.5 180 2.5 32 19.5 100 2.5 32 0 0 2.5 32 0 0 2.5 32

Consumer Max-500-2.5-2.5 hf 1000/500 2.5/2.5 1100 550 1097.5 250 2.5 32 547.5 180 2.5 32 0 0 2.5 32 0 0 2.5 32

Small Business Fibre 100-100-2.5-2.5 hf 100/100 2.5/2.5 110 115 107.5 180 2.5 32 112.5 180 2.5 32 0 0 2.5 32 0 0 2.5 32

Small Business Fibre Max-500-2.5-2.5 hf 1000/500 2.5/2.5 1100 550 1097.5 250 2.5 32 547.5 180 2.5 32 0 0 2.5 32 0 0 2.5 32

Evolve 200-20-2.5-2.5 hf 200/20 2.5/2.5 217 22 214.5 250 2.5 32 19.5 100 2.5 32 0 0 2.5 32 0 0 2.5 32

High Traffic Class Downstream High Traffic Class Upstream Headline Rate Low Traffic Class PIR Low Traffic Class Downstream Low Traffic Class Upstream




Business Hyperfibre and Education Hyperfibre Product Specification

Offer Access Rate Public Segment Offer Primary Geographic Bitstream OVC MTU MAC Min UNI ENNI ENNI Tail Assure Availability Utilisation

Classification Zones variant type (Bytes) Addresses Standard Hyperfibre SFP P2P/eDMR UNI VLAN ID SVID CVID ECM UIP Extension Wrapper Reporting Reporting

Business Hyperfibre2000 3G/3G Public Business Business Premium Primary UFB, RBI, Other HF3a Access-EPL 2000 64 l 10G Transparent <Select> Transparent N/A N/A No Enterprise OFF/ON OFF/ON



Education Hyperfibre2000 3G/3G Public Education Business Premium Primary UFB, RBI, Other HF3a Access-EPL 2000 64 l 10G Transparent <Select> Transparent N/A N/A No Enterprise OFF/ON OFF/ON




Business 200 hf 300/300 Public Business Business Premium Primary UFB, RBI, Other 3A* Access-EPL 2000 64 l 1 Gbps Transparent <Select> Transparent N/A N/A Yes Enterprise OFF OFF

Business 50 hf 100/100 Public Business Business Premium Primary UFB, RBI, Other 3A* Access-EPL 2000 64 l 1 Gbps Transparent <Select> Transparent N/A N/A Yes Enterprise OFF OFF

ONT Compatibility

Offer Attributes Bitstream Attributes Other Attributes




Bitstream Specification:

Offer Access Rate Bandwidth Low High (Mbps) (Mbps) EIR EBS CIR CBS EIR EBS CIR CBS EIR EBS CIR CBS EIR EBS CIR CBS

Select DS/US DS/US ATA Downstream Upstream Mbps kB Mbps kB Mbps kB Mbps kB Mbps kB Mbps kB Mbps kB Mbps kB

Business Hyperfibre2000 3G/3G 2000-10 2000/2000 10/10 - 2200 2200 2200 550 0 0 2200 550 0 0 0 0 10 32 0 0 10 32

2000-20 2000/2000 20/20 2200 2200 2200 550 0 0 2200 550 0 0 0 0 20 32 0 0 20 32

2000-50 2000/2000 50/50 2200 2200 2200 550 0 0 2200 550 0 0 0 0 50 32 0 0 50 32

2000-100 2000/2000 100/100 2200 2200 2200 550 0 0 2200 550 0 0 0 0 100 63 0 0 100 63


4000-20 4000/4000 20/20 4400 4400 4400 1100 0 0 4400 1100 0 0 0 0 20 32 0 0 20 32

4000-50 4000/4000 50/50 4400 4400 4400 1100 0 0 4400 1100 0 0 0 0 50 32 0 0 50 32

4000-100 4000/4000 100/100 4400 4400 4400 1100 0 0 4400 1100 0 0 0 0 100 63 0 0 100 63


8000-20 8000/8000 20/20 8400 8400 8400 2200 0 0 8400 2200 0 0 0 0 20 32 0 0 20 32

8000-50 8000/8000 50/50 8400 8400 8400 2200 0 0 8400 2200 0 0 0 0 50 32 0 0 50 32

8000-100 8000/8000 100/100 8400 8400 8400 2200 0 0 8400 2200 0 0 0 0 100 63 0 0 100 63

Education Hyperfibre2000 3G/3G 2000-10 2000/2000 10/10 - 2200 2200 2200 550 0 0 2200 550 0 0 0 0 10 32 0 0 10 32

2000-20 2000/2000 20/20 2200 2200 2200 550 0 0 2200 550 0 0 0 0 20 32 0 0 20 32

2000-50 2000/2000 50/50 2200 2200 2200 550 0 0 2200 550 0 0 0 0 50 32 0 0 50 32

2000-100 2000/2000 100/100 2200 2200 2200 550 0 0 2200 550 0 0 0 0 100 63 0 0 100 63


4000-20 4000/4000 20/20 4400 4400 4400 1100 0 0 4400 1100 0 0 0 0 20 32 0 0 20 32

4000-50 4000/4000 50/50 4400 4400 4400 1100 0 0 4400 1100 0 0 0 0 50 32 0 0 50 32

4000-100 4000/4000 100/100 4400 4400 4400 1100 0 0 4400 1100 0 0 0 0 100 63 0 0 100 63


8000-20 8000/8000 20/20 8400 8400 8400 2200 0 0 8400 2200 0 0 0 0 20 32 0 0 20 32

8000-50 8000/8000 50/50 8400 8400 8400 2200 0 0 8400 2200 0 0 0 0 50 32 0 0 50 32

8000-100 8000/8000 100/100 8400 8400 8400 2200 0 0 8400 2200 0 0 0 0 100 63 0 0 100 63


Business 200 hf 300/300 200-2.5 200/200 2.5/2.5 1 217 230 214.5 250 2.5 32 227.5 180 2.5 32 0 0 2.5 32 0 0 2.5 32

200-5 200/200 5/5 217 230 214.5 250 2.5 32 227.5 180 2.5 32 0 0 5 32 0 0 5 32

200-10 200/200 10/10 217 230 214.5 250 2.5 32 227.5 180 2.5 32 0 0 10 32 0 0 10 32

200-20 200/200 20/20 217 230 214.5 250 2.5 32 227.5 180 2.5 32 0 0 20 32 0 0 20 32

200-30 200/200 30/30 217 230 214.5 250 2.5 32 227.5 180 2.5 32 0 0 30 32 0 0 30 32

200-40 200/200 40/40 217 230 214.5 250 2.5 32 227.5 180 2.5 32 0 0 40 32 0 0 40 32

200-50 200/200 50/50 217 230 214.5 250 2.5 32 227.5 180 2.5 32 0 0 50 32 0 0 50 32

200-60 200/200 60/60 217 230 214.5 250 2.5 32 227.5 180 2.5 32 0 0 60 38 0 0 60 38

200-70 200/200 70/70 217 230 214.5 250 2.5 32 227.5 180 2.5 32 0 0 70 44 0 0 70 44

200-80 200/200 80/80 217 230 214.5 250 2.5 32 227.5 180 2.5 32 0 0 80 50 0 0 80 50

200-90 200/200 90/90 217 230 214.5 250 2.5 32 227.5 180 2.5 32 0 0 90 57 0 0 90 57

200-100 200/200 100/100 217 230 214.5 250 2.5 32 227.5 180 2.5 32 0 0 100 63 0 0 100 63

Business 50 hf 100/100 50-2.5 50/50 2.5/2.5 1 55 57.5 52.5 130 2.5 32 55 130 2.5 32 0 0 2.5 32 0 0 2.5 32

50-5 50/50 5/5 55 57.5 52.5 130 2.5 32 55 130 2.5 32 0 0 5 32 0 0 5 32

50-10 50/50 10/10 55 57.5 52.5 130 2.5 32 55 130 2.5 32 0 0 10 32 0 0 10 32

50-20 50/50 20/20 55 57.5 52.5 130 2.5 32 55 130 2.5 32 0 0 20 32 0 0 20 32

50-30 50/50 30/30 55 57.5 52.5 130 2.5 32 55 130 2.5 32 0 0 30 32 0 0 30 32

50-40 50/50 40/40 55 57.5 52.5 130 2.5 32 55 130 2.5 32 0 0 40 32 0 0 40 32

50-50 50/50 50/50 55 57.5 52.5 130 2.5 32 55 130 2.5 32 0 0 50 32 0 0 50 32

High Traffic Class UpstreamLow Traffic Class PIROffer Attributes Headline Rate Low Traffic Class Downstream Low Traffic Class Upstream High Traffic Class Downstream

hyperfibre product user guide - chorus

Documents