human papillomavirus and cervical cancer and ways to prevent it! lindsey saunders auburn university...
TRANSCRIPT
Human Papillomavirus and Cervical CancerAnd ways to prevent it!
Lindsey SaundersAuburn UniversityNURS 7446December 3, 2014
Background Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most
common sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the world.
About 79 million Americans are currently infected with HPV and there are 14 million new cases every year.
There are over 100 different types of HPV.
In most cases it goes away on its own and does not cause health problems, while other cases can cause genital warts and cancers.
HPV types 6,11,16, and 18 are responsible for 70% of cervical cancers, 70% of vaginal cancers , 50% of vulvar cancers and 90% of genital warts.
Significance All sexually active women are at risk of
HPV and cervical cancer regardless of race and economic status and most women will become infected throughout their lifetime.
Over 99% of cervical cancers are caused by HPV.
More than 10,000 women are diagnosed with cervical cancer each year.
Role of the Nurse Practitioner
Education What HPV is How to prevent it Decrease social stigma
Prevention Vaccination Screening Protection
Recommendation NPs must recommend vaccination to all
qualifying patients.
Nursing Theory The purpose of education is to cause a
positive change. Kurt Lewin’s Change Theory is based on
the change process in the human system.
His theory has three stages: Unfreezing Movement Refreezing
Project Development A pamphlet was formed discussing
HPV, cervical cancer and ways to prevent them.
It contains information about Transmission Different types of HPV Signs and symptoms How it causes cancer Prevention methods
Vaccinations What they protect against How they work Recommended age ranges Administration details
Pap smears Protection
Project Implementation Where:
Alabama State Health Department in Tallapoosa County.
Who: 10 women ages 19-26 6 African American, 4 Caucasian 2 women had previously received
the vaccination in its entirety 1 woman had received only 1
injection of the vaccine previously 7 women were unvaccinated 6 out of 10 women had heard of the
vaccine 5 out of 10 stated that their health
care provider had recommended they receive it.
Evaluation All 10 women were able to
describe HPV, how it is transmitted, how it causes cervical cancer, and the ways to prevent it.
Of the 7 women who had never received the vaccine, 3 of them decided to get vaccinated the same day. The woman who had only received 1 of the 3 vaccines decided to receive the entire vaccination series.
Future Considerations
Cost of Vaccinations
Side Effects/ Adverse Effects of Vaccine
Contraindications of vaccine.
Conclusion
The majority of HPV and cervical cancers can be prevented, making patient education imperative.
Providing patients with the education and tools they need to battle this infection can lead to more informed decision making.
Questions?
References Akyuz, A., Yilmaz, C., Yenen, M.C., Yavan, T., & Kilic, A. (2011). Women’s awareness of the
human papillomavirus and related health problems. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 67(12), 2703-2712. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05693.x
Batras, D., Duff, C., & Smith, B.J. (2014). Organizational change theory: implications for health
promotion practice. Health Promotion International 29(4). doi: 10.1093/heapro/dau098 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013). Human papillomavirus (HPV).
Retrieved http://www.cdc.gov/hpv/in dex.html Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.(2014). HPV vaccination. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/ vaccines/vpd-vac/hpv/default.htm Markowitz, L.E., Hariri, S., Lin, C., Dunne, E.F., Steinau, M., McQuillan, G., & Unger, E.R. (2013). Reduction in human papillomavirus prevalence among young women following hpv vaccine introduction in united states national health and nutrition examination surveys, 2003-2010. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 192. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jit192 National Cancer Institute. (2013). HPV and cancer. Retrieved http://www.cancer.gov
/cancertopics/factsheet/Risk/HPV Yitalo, K.R., Lee, H., & Mehta, N.K. (2013). Healthcare provider recommendation, human papillomavirus vaccination, and race/ethnicity in the U.S. national immunization survey. American Journal of Public Health, 103, 164-169.