Human Development

Katie Infante & Jody Osika

Human Development

Involves many different aspects of life

Ongoing process

Although development may follow the same basic outline, everyone develops differently

Jean Piaget

Four stages of development

Schemas

Egocentric talk

Metacognition

Classroom Application of

Piaget’s Theory Match student level of thinking

Provide opportunities for students to learn through

experience

Concrete -> Abstract

Make connections between old and new

Classroom Application of

Piaget’s Theory Reflect on our lessons. Ask ourselves the following

questions:

Did the lesson work?

What didn’t work?

Did the method used meet the needs of all my students?

What can I do to ensure the lesson will meet the needs of

my students in the future?

This website gives several ideas on how to incorporate

Piaget’s theories into instruction.

Lev Vygotsky

Social interaction

was a large part of his

cognitive development theory

Language = cultural tool

Internalization of social interactions

Imagination

Zone of Proximal Development

Scaffolding

Classroom Applications of

Vygotsky’s Theory

Appropriate development level

Perform activities on their own

Perform activities with others

Pennies to learn phonemic

awareness

Jerome Bruner

Modes of Representation: enactive, iconic & symbolic

Family Interaction

Linguistic Symbols

Scaffolding language acquisition

Classroom Application of

Bruner’s Theory Provide study materials, activities, and tools

Examples of all three to help children learn about dinosaurs

Construct a model of a cell (enactive)

Watch a film about cells (iconic)

Consult reference texts and discuss findings about cells (symbolic)

This website gives several examples of incorporating all 3

modes of representation

Bruner’s Theory Quiz To which mode of representation does this activity

belong:

Learning to form complete, correct sentences by

placing magnetic word cards on the chalkboard

Enactive

Iconic

Symbolic

CORRECT!

The Enactive mode

Incorrect We’re sorry, Please try again

Noam Chomsky

“Father of Modern Linguistics”

Similar beliefs as Bruner

Intuitive/innate knowledge was essential in language learning

Developed Principles & Parameters approach

Classroom Applications of

Chomsky’s Theory

Although parents are chief

source of language

acquisition, children have an

innate ability to master it

Language Development

Chomsky Vs. Piaget

• Believed various

components in

language acquisition

were innate

• Language

development was

continuous

• Believed language

acquisition was

through a process of

‘gradual stages’

• It was acquired

through

presentation of new

information and re-

assessment

Cognitive Development

Memory Techniques for Special Education

Tips To Maintain an Active Brain

Memory Development Strategies

Language Development

Related to Working Memory

Phonological Loop: phonological store and rehearsal

Critical Period Hypothesis

Language Development

Strategies For Class Language Development

Listening and Speech Activity

Scaffolding For Language Acquisition

Social Development

Kelvin Seifert (2010) states, “my assumption is

that early childhood classrooms are busy,

social places, and that teachers of the young

normally rely on the richness of that social life

to nudge or move children toward more mature

forms of thinking. From this perspective, social

experience is primarily construed as stimulus,

independent variable, or cause, and cognition

as response, outcome, or effect.”

Moral Development

Developing Morals: A Class

Discussion Activity

Disabilities There are a variety of disabilities that affect

development:

Physical

Sensory

Emotional disabilities

ADHD

Learning and reading difficulties

Auditory processing disorders

Autism Spectrum disorders

Environmental Influences

Socio-economic status

Family/Home life

Friends

School

“Genie” Here is the documentary titled, “Secret of the Wild Child” . The story

of Genie relates to human development and what could happen if

every aspect of human life was isolated for over 10 years.

“Genie” Part 1

“Genie” Part 2

“Genie” Part 3

“Genie” Part 4

“Genie” Part 5

“Genie” Part 6

Facts about “Genie” Feral Child

Spent first 13 years of life locked in bedroom strapped to a potty chair

She is said to be the victim of the worst case of social isolation in America

When found, she was initially nearly silent. Later learned to express

herself through language and signs