HUMAN BODY

BONES & MUSCLES

TOPICS

Bones.

The various types of joints & their

functions.

Various types of muscle

movements in man body.

SKELETON The skeleton gives

definite shape to the body. The skeleton helps in

locomotion. The skeleton protects the

vital organs like the brain and the heart.

An adult has 206 bones.

SKULL

The skull is the skeleton of the

head

The skull protects the brain.

RIB CAGE The rib-cage is a cage like

structure formed by

twelve pairs of ribs,

twelve thoracic vertebrae

and the sternum i.e. the

breast bone.

The rib-cage protects the

heart and the lungs.

VERTEBRAL COLUMN (BACKBONE)

The vertebral column forms the central axis of the body.

The vertebral column consists of 33 ring-like bones called vertebrae.

The vertebral column supports the head and provides attachment to the muscles of the back.

JOINT

The articulation or

attachment of two or more

bones is called a joint.

There are many types of

joints and their functions.

TYPES OF JOINTS Hing joints are joints

which allow free

movements of the

articulating bones.

The easy movements of

bones.

BALL & SOCKET JOINT

The shoulder and hip joint

which move like a ball in

a cup are called ball and

socket joint.

Ball and socket joint

allows free movement of

arms and legs.

GLIDING JOINT

Gliding joint is a form of

freely movable joint in

which the bony surfaces

glide over each other.

For e.g. Joint in the

ankle/wrist.

PIVOT JOINT

The joint which facilitates

the rotatory movement is

called pivot joint.

The joint between the first

and second vertebrae is a

pivot joint.

MUSCLE

The muscle is a tissue

containing elongated cells

capable of contraction and

relaxation.

For e.g. Tongue, Heart.

Various types of muscle movements in Human body

Voluntary Muscles : The muscles whose actions are under the control of the will are called voluntary muscles.For e.g. Hands and Legs.

Involuntary Muscles : The muscles whose actions are not under the control of the will are called involuntary muscles.For e.g. Heart beat, Blood vessels, lungs.

What did you learn today? A Person’s body is made up of large & small

bones. It gives the body shape & support. It also protects the vital internal organs.

The bones are interlinked together in different ways.

Human body has many muscles. Even they are responsible for giving shape to the body.

Bone joints and muscles are responsible for the movement.

Fill in the blanks :

Knee joints are called as ________ joint.

_________ is protected by the skull.

The fingers have _________ joint.

The shoulder has __________ joint.