hse regulation

8/13/2019 HSE Regulation

1/274

454CMR:DIVISIONOFOCCUPATIONALSAFETY

454CMR10.00: CONSTRUCTIONINDUSTRYRULESANDREGULATIONS

Section

PART1: GENERAL

10.01:Definitionsapplicableto454CMR10.02through10.04

10.02:Authority,PurposeandScope

10.03:GeneralDutiesandResponsibilities

10.04:GeneralPerformanceRequirements

PART2: OCCUPATIONALHEALTHANDENVIRONMENTCONTROLS

10.05:MedicalServicesandFirstAid

10.06:Sanitation

10.07:OccupationalNoiseExposure

10.08:IonizingRadiation

10.09:NonionizingRadiation

10.10:Gases,Vapors,Fumes,Dusts,andMists

10.11:Illumination

10.12:Ventilation

PART3: PERSONALPROTECTIVEANDLIFESAVINGEQUIPMENT


10.20:PersonalProtectiveApparel

10.21:HeadProtection

10.22:HearingProtection

10.23:EyeandFaceProtection

10.24:RespiratoryProtection

10.25:Safetyharnesses,Lifelines,andLanyards

10.26:SafetyNets

10.27:WorkingOverorNearWater

PART4: FIREPROTECTIONANDPREVENTION


10.35:FireProtection

10.36:FirePrevention

10.37:FlammableandCombustibleLiquids

10.38:LiquifiedPetroleumGas(LP-Gas)

10.39:TemporaryHeatingDevices

PART5: SIGNS,SIGNALS,ANDBARRICADES

10.46:Definitionsapplicableto454CMR10.47through10.5010.47:AccidentPreventionSignsandTags

10.48:Signaling

10.49:Barricades

PART6: MATERIALSHANDLING,STORAGE,USE,ANDDISPOSAL

10.56:GeneralRequirementsforStorage

10.57:RiggingEquipmentforMaterialHandling

10.58:DisposalofWasteMaterials


2/274


10.00:continued

PART7: TOOLS-HANDANDPOWER

10.65:DefinitionsApplicableto454CMR10.66through10.7110.66:GeneralRequirements

10.67:HandTools

10.68:Power-OperatedHandTools

10.69:AbrasiveWheelsandTools

10.70:WoodworkingTools

10.71:Jacks-LeverandRatchet,Screw,andHydraulic

PART8: WELDINGANDCUTTING

10.78:GasWeldingandCutting

10.79:ArcWeldingandCutting


10.81:VentilationandProtectioninWelding,Cutting,andHeating

10.82:Welding,Cutting,andHeatinginWayofPreservativeCoatings

PART9: ELECTRICAL


10.91:GeneralRequirements

10.92:GroundingandBonding

10.93:EquipmentInstallationandMaintenance

10.94:BatteryRoomsandBatteryCharging

10.95:HazardousLocations

PART10: LADDERSANDSCAFFOLDING


10.103:Ladders

10.104:Scaffolding

10.105:Vehicle-mountedElevatingandRotatingWorkPlatforms

PART11: FLOORSANDWALLOPENINGS,ANDSTAIRWAYS

10.110:Definitionsapplicableto454CMR10.111and10.112

10.111:Guardrails,Handrails,andCovers

10.112:Stairways

PART12: CRANES,DERRICKS,HOISTS,ELEVATORS,ANDCONVEYORS

10.119:CranesandDerricks

10.120:Helicopters10.121:Materialhoists,Personnelhoists,andElevators

10.122:Base-mountedDrumHoists

10.123:OverheadHoists

10.124:Conveyors

10.125:AerialLifts


3/274


10.00:continued

PART13: MOTORVEHICLES,MECHANIZEDEQUIPMENT,ANDMARINEOPERATIONS

10.132:Definitionsapplicableto454CMR10.133through10.13910.133:Equipment

10.134:MotorVehicles

10.135:MaterialHandlingEquipment

10.136:PileDrivingEquipment

10.137:SiteClearing

10.138:MarineOperationsandEquipment

PART14: EXCAVATIONS,TRENCHING,ANDSHORING


10.146:GeneralProtectionRequirements

10.147:SpecificExcavationRequirements

10.148:SpecificTrenchingRequirements

PART15: CONCRETE,CONCRETEFORMS,ANDSHORING


10.156:GeneralProvisions

10.157:FormsandShoring

PART16: STEELERECTION

10.164:FlooringRequirements

10.165:StructuralSteelAssembly

10.166:Bolting,Riveting,Fitting-up,andPlumbing-up

PART17: TUNNELSANDSHAFTS,CAISSONS,COFFERDAMS,ANDCOMPRESSEDAIR

10.173:DefinitionsApplicabletoFreeAir

10.174:DefinitionsApplicabletoCompressedAir

10.175:TunnelsandShafts10.176:Caissons

10.177:Cofferdams

10.178:CompressedAir

10.179:DecompressionTables

PART18: DEMOLITION

10.185:PreparatoryOperations

10.186:Stairs,Passageways,andLadders

10.187:Chutes10.188:RemovalofMaterialsthroughFloorOpenings

10.189:RemovalofWalls,MasonrySections,andChimneys

10.190:ManualRemovalofFloors

10.191:RemovalofWalls,Floors,andMaterialwithEquipment

10.192:Storage

10.193:RemovalofSteelConstruction

10.194:MechanicalDemolition

10.195:SelectiveDemolitionbyExplosives


4/274


10.00:continued

PART19: BLASTINGANDTHEUSEOFEXPLOSIVES

10.202:Definitionsapplicableto454CMR10.203through10.21610.203:GeneralProvisions

10.204:BlasterQualifications

10.205:SurfaceTransportationofExplosives

10.206:UndergroundTransportationofExplosives

10.207:StorageofExplosivesandBlastingAgents

10.208:LoadingofExplosivesorBlastingAgents

10.209:InitiationofExplosiveCharges-ElectricBlasting

10.210:UseofSafetyFuse

10.211:UseofDetonatingCord

10.212:FiringtheBlast

10.213:InspectionAfterBlasting

10.214:Misfires

10.215:UnderwaterBlasting

10.216:BlastinginExcavationWorkunderCompressedAir

PART20: POWERTRANSMISSIONANDDISTRIBUTION

10.225:DefinitionsApplicableto454CMR10.226through10.235


10.227:ToolsandProtectiveEquipment

10.228:MechanicalEquipment

10.229:MaterialHandling

10.230:GroundingforProtectionofEmployees

10.231:OverheadLines

10.232:UndergroundLines

10.233:ConstructioninEnergizedSubstations

10.234:ExternalLoadHelicopters

10.235:Lineman'sBodyBelt,SafetyStraps,andLanyards.

PART21: INSTALLATIONANDERECTIONOFWOODTRUSSES


10.259:BracingforFirstTruss

10.260:BracingSubsequentTrusses

10.261:ErectionusingMechanicalEquipment

PART22: WORKINCONFINEDSPACES



10.302:SpecialRequirements10.303:SpecialPrecautions


5/274


10.00:continued

PART23: LIFT-SLABOPERATIONS

10.400:GeneralRequirements10.401:FilingofWorkNotification

10.402:FilingofSafetyandLiftPlan

10.403:EmergencyResponsePlan

10.404:WorkandDesignStandards

10.405:TimeRestrictiononLifting/JackingOperations

10.406:EngineeringOversightandSiteSupervision

10.407:WorkerTraining

10.408:RecordRetention

10.409:IndependentTesting

10.410:ErectionofBarricadesandAlarmSystems

10.411:PublicRecords

10.999:Appendix

10.01: DefinitionsApplicabletoCMR10.02through10.04

Forthepurpose454CMR10.02through10.04,the followingdefinitionsshallapply.Termsnot

definedhereinshallbeunderstoodashavingtheirusualandordinarymeaningunlessadifferentmeaning

isplainlyrequiredbythecontext,

Approved.ApprovedbytheCommissioner.

Adequate.See454CMR10.03(7)Requirementofquality.

ANSI. AmericanNationalStandardsInstitute.

Authorizedperson.apersonapprovedorassignedbythe employerto performaspecifictypeofduty

ordutiesortobeataspecificlocationorlocationsatthejobsite.

Barrier. Asecurefence,railing,coverorsimilarassemblydesignedanderectedtopreventaccidental

throughaccess.

Building. A structure enclosed within exterior walls or fire walls, built, erected and framed of

componentstructuralpartsdesignedforthehousing,shelter,enclosureandsupportofindividuals,

animalsorpropertyofanykind.

CMR.CodeofMassachusettsRegulations.

Commissioner.TheCommissionerof Labor and Industriesof theCommonwealthofMassachusetts,

orhisauthorizedrepresentative.

Competent person. One who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in thesurroundingsorworkingconditions which areunsanitary,hazardous,ordangeroustoemployees,and

whohasauthorizationtotakepromptcorrectivemeasurestoeliminatethem.

ConstructionWork.Allworknecessarytobuild,form,fabricateorpreserveanyprojectembraced

inthescopeof454CMR10.00.

CorrosiveSubstance. Anyacidorcausticmaterial,liquid,vapororsimilarmatterhavingthepower

todestroybycorrosiveactionthetextureorsubstanceofabodyorthing.

Dangerous Substance. Any substance known to constitute a significant health, poison, fire, orexplosionhazard.

DemolitionWork. Allwork involved inthe total or partial dismantlingor razingofanyproject
http:///reader/full/through10.04http:///reader/full/through10.04http:///reader/full/through10.04


6/274


embracedinthescopeof454CMR10.00.


7/274


10.01:continued

DesignatedPerson.Apersonselectedanddirectedbyanemployertoperformaspecifictaskorduty,

whoshallhavethedegreeofcompetencenecessarytoaccomplishtheworkinasafemanner.

Division. DivisionofIndustrialSafety,DepartmentofLaborandIndustries, Commonwealth of

Massachusetts.

Employee.Anypersondirectedorpermittedtoworkbyanemployer,havingspecificregardtoany

oftheactivitiesincludedinthescopeof454CMR10.00.

Employer. Anycorporation,partnership, individualproprietorship, jointventure,firm,companyor

othersimilarlegalentityengagedinactivities includedinthescopeof454CMR10.00oranyperson

actingin thedirectinterestofanyoftheforegoinginrelationtoanyemployeeor place of employment

havingspecificregardtoanyoftheactivitiesincludedinthescopeof454CMR10.00.

Floor. Thesurfaceortheplatformofastructureonwhichtowalk,workortravel.

GeneralContractororPrimeContractor.Anyemployerhavingacontractwithan ownertoperform

thegeneralconstructionordemolitionworkoftheprojectwhetherornotanyportionofsaidworkis

inturnsub-contracted.

Harmful Substance.Anymaterialorsubstanceknowntocontainingredientsthe unprotectedhandling

ofwhichwouldresultininjury.

Hazard. Anysituationinherentintheemploymentthatisconducivetotheelementsof risk ordanger.

Job. Thesiteofaprojectinvolvingconstructionworkordemolitionwork.

Opening. Anyopening,hole,orapertureinfloorsorwallsintoorthroughwhichapersonmaystep

orfallorthroughwhichtools,materialsorequipmentmayfall.

Others. Theterms"others"asusedin454CMR10.00shallmeanandincludeRepresentativesof

LaborOrganizations,Inspectors,Salesmenandthelikewhoseperiodicbusiness presenceis required

andauthorized,whenappropriate,duringtheperiodoftheproject.

Owner. Any corporation,partnership,individualproprietorship,jointventure,firm,companyorother

similar legalentityowning,leasing,orotherwisehavinganypropertyinterestinanyprojectembraced

inthescopeof454CMR10.00,thatentersintoacontractwithoneormorepartiestoexecutethe

constructionworkordemolitionworkoftheproject.

PlaceofEmployment. Anyplaceinoraboutwhichanemployeeorotherauthorizedpersonisdirected

orpermittedtoworkhavingspecificregardtoanyoftheactivitiesincludedinthescopeof454CMR

10.00.

Proper.See454CMR10.03(7)(a).

Qualified. Onewho,bypossessionofarecognizeddegree,certificate, orprofessionalstanding,or

whobyextensiveknowledge,training,andexperience,hassuccessfullydemonstratedhisabilityto

solveorresolveproblemsrelatingtothesubjectmatter,thework,ortheproject.

SAE.SocietyofAutomotiveEngineers.

Safe. Thestateorconditionoftheequipment,material,machinery,constructionsiteanddemolition

sitethatpreventsinjurytopersons.


8/274


10.01:continued

Safetyfactor. meanstheratiooftheultimatebreakingstrengthofamemberorpieceofmaterialor

equipmenttotheactualworkingstressorsafeloadwheninuse.

Secretary.meanstheSecretaryofLabor.

Shall.Thewordshallisalwaysmandatory.

Should. Thewordshouldmeansrecommended.

Structure. Anassemblyofmaterialformingaconstructionforoccupancyoruseincluding,butnot

limitedtothefollowing:Buildings,bridges,stadia,reviewingstands,platforms,stagings,observation

towers,transmissiontowers,watertanks,trestles,piers,wharves,opensheds,coalbins,shelters,

fencesanddisplaysigns.

Sub-Contractor. Anyemployerhavingacontractwithageneralcontractororprimecontractorto

performtheworkofaparticularportionofaproject.

Suitable. means thatwhich fits,andhas thequalities orqualifications tomeetagivenpurpose,

occasion,condition,function,orcircumstance.

10.02:Authority,PurposeandScope.

(1) Authority. 454CMR 10.00is promulgatedinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofM.G.L.c.149,

6asmostrecentlyamended.

(2)Purpose. 454CMR10.00shallestablishandconstitute:

(a) Reasonablerequirementsnecessaryforthepreventionofaccidents andthepreventionof

industrialoroccupationaldiseasesinconstructionandrelatedoperations.

(b) Minimumstandardsforthepreventionofinjuriesattheworksite,pursuanttowhichthe

Department shall,on orafterJuly8,1988,affirm,amendorannul454CMR10.00establishedby

insurers,undertheproceduresetforthinM.G.L.c.152,64.Inaccordancewiththeprovisions

ofM.G.L.c.149, 12 , if454CMR10.00conflictswithordiffersfromanyinsurerruleor

regulationundertheprovisionsofM.G.L.c.152,64,454CMR10.00shallprevail.

(c) Abasisforthedetermination,onorafterJuly8,1988,thatanemployerhascompliedwithorwillcomplywithalllaws,orders,rules andregulations relating tothehealth andsafetyofhis/her

employees,inaccordancewiththeprovisionsofM.G.L.c.152,65A.

(d) Minimumstandardsusedbyinsurers,onorafterJuly8,1988,intheinspectionofrisk,

measurementofhazardsandthedeterminationoftheadequateandreasonablerateor ratesof

insuranceasprescribedbytheprovisionsofM.G.L.c.152,65J.

(3) Scope. 454CMR 10 .00 is applicabletoallactivitiesrelatedtotheerection,construction,

alteration,demolition,repairormaintenanceofbuildings,structures,bridges,highways,roadways,

dams,tunnels,sewers,undergroundbuildingorstructures,undergroundpipelinesorductsandallother

constructionprojectsorfacilities.

(4) Exceptions.Exceptionsmaybegrantedinanyparticularcasewhereitisclearlyevidentthatitis

necessary to prevent undue hardship or where existing conditions prevent compliance; financial

hardshipalonewillnotsuffice. Innocaseshallanyexceptionbegrantedunlessintheopinionofthe

Commissionerreasonableprotectionofthehealthandsafetyofworkerswillbemaintainedthereby.

RequestsforexceptionshallbesubmittedinwritingtotheCommissioner settingforththespecific

requirementsof454 CMR10.00 fromwhich an exceptionis requested and the reason why the

exceptionissought.

(5) TheCommissioneror theCommissioner'sauthorized representative shall, pursuanttotheapplicableprovisionsofM.G.L.c.149,16and17,haverightofentrytoanyworksite,placeof

employmentoremployerlocationforthepurposeofconductinginvestigationsorinspectionsconcerning

compliancewith454CMR10.00.
http:///reader/full/CMR10.00http:///reader/full/CMR10.00


9/274


10.02:continued

(6)Whoeverviolates454CMR 10.00,or orders issuedby the Departmentrelatingthereto,shallbe

subjecttopenaltiesasprescribedbyM.G.L.c.149,asamended.

10.03:GeneralDutiesandResponsibilities

(1)Protectionofhealthandsafetyofemployeesandothers:

(a) All placeswhereemployeesaredirectedorpermitted toperformwork of any kindin

constructionworkordemolitionworkshallbesoconstructed,equipped,arranged,operatedand

conductedastoprovidereasonableandadequateprotectiontothelives,healthandsafetyof

employeesandothers.

(b) Employers,owners,contractors,sub-contractors,superintendentsorforemenincharge,and

otherpersonsobligatedbylawtoadheretotherequirementsof454 CMR 10.00 shallnotdirect,

orpermitanemployeetoworkunderconditionswhicharenotincompliancewithorwhichare

prohibitedby454CMR10.00.

(c)Everyemployershallinaugurateandmaintainanaccidentprevention program for the duration

of thejob.Employersshallemphasizethecooperationthatisneeded,reviewaccidentexperience,

checkresponsibilityforaccidentcontrol,guideandadvisejobpersonnel.

(d)Onoperationswherethereisajobsafetyengineer,he/sheshallkeepaccident records,

investigateaccidents,holdsafetymeetingsandcarryonallphasesofthesafetyprogram,otherwise

thesuperintendent,foreman,orasafetycommitteeshallberesponsibleforcarryingout the above

mentioneddutiesofthesafetyengineer.

(e)Theestablishedsafetyprogramshall:

1. Requireactiveparticipationbysuperintendentsandforemanandthey shallbe responsible

foritsapplicationandcompliance.Thejobsafetyengineer,superintendent,orforemanshall

trainallpersonsinjobsafetymethodsandinvestigatecausesofaccidents.

2. Requirecontinuouseducationutilizing safe training instructionsfor allworkersusing

methodssuchassafetyfilms,accidentrecords,safetymotivationcontests,safetymeetingsand

jobsafetypublications.

3. Controlaccidenthazardsby:

a. Evaluatingaccidentexposureswhichmayarisefromeveryportionoftheworkprior

tothestartoftheoperation.

b.Establishsafetymethodsandgoodpracticestobecarriedoutbytheworkers.

c. Safeguarding equipment andmachines andconductinginspectionsinordertomaintain

safeworkingconditions.d.Providingadequatecontrolofoccupationaldisease,exposuressuchasgases,fumes,

dustsandchemicalswhichmaybeinjurioustotheemployees.

e. Providingpersonalprotectiveequipmentwhereneededandrequired. Personswho

havebeenprovidedpersonalprotectiveequipmentbythecontractorshallutilizeallsuch

equipment.

4. Requireonthejobmedicalprogramasrequiredin454CMR10.05.

(f) Inadditiontoadvancesafetyplanning,dailyinspectionsshallbeperformedinordertodetect

andcorrectunsafeworkingconditionsandpractices.Safetysuggestionsfromemployeesshould

beencouraged.

(2)Unsafeequipment,safeguards,orconditionsprohibited:

(a)Noemployershalldirectorpermitanemployeetousemachineryorequipmentofwhichhe

hasknowledgeisnotingoodrepairandinsafeworkingcondition.

(b)Allsafetydevicesandsafeguardsinuseshallbesoundandoperable.

(c)Damagedor unsafeequipment shallberemovedfromserviceuntilitisrepairedandrestored

toasafeoperatingcondition.

(d) Allpersonshavingknowledgeofexistenceofanunsafedevice,safeguard,equipmentor

conditionshallpromptlyreportthesametothesuperintendentorforemanincharge.

(e)Asuperintendentorforeman towhoseattentiontheexistenceofanyunsafedevice,operation,

safeguardor equipment is called shall take immediate steps toremedyor removethe unsafecondition.


10/274


10.03:continued

(3)Responsibilityofemployeesandothers: Everyemployeeandotherauthorizedjobfrequentershall

observeallprovisionsof454CMR10.00whichdirectlyconcernoraffecthisconduct.Heshalluse

thesafetydevicesandequipmentprovidedforhispersonalprotection.

(4)Requiredreportingofaccidents:

(a)Wheneveranaccidentoccursin construction or demolition workresultingindeathorhospital

confinement,theemployeroftheinjuredpersonshallberesponsibletoimmediatelyreporttothe

DivisionofIndustrialSafetythefollowingpertinentinformation:

1.Nameandaddressoftheemployer.

2.Nameandaddressoftheinjuredemployee.

3.Dateofaccident.

4.Locationofaccident.

5.Descriptionofaccident.

(b) Such reportsshallalsobesubmittedinwritingandshallbemailedtotheDivision of Industrial

Safetyaspromptlyaspossible,in any casenolaterthan thestartofthesecondworkdayafterthe

accidentoccurred.

(5)Permitsbygovernmentalagencies:

No municipality, otheragencyof theCommonwealth, oranypolitical sub-divisionof the

Commonwealthshallgrantpermissiontoanyemployertooperate incontraventiontothestandards

ofsafetysetforthin454CMR10.00.

(6)Requirementsofcompetence:

Whenworkistobeperformedbyorunderthesupervisionofadesignatedperson,thatperson

shallhavethedegreeofcompetencenecessarytoperformtheworkinasafemanner.

(7) RequirementsofQuality:

Materials,Devices,Structures,andMethodsofProceduresofoperationwhicharerequired

by454CMR10.00andwhicharedescribedbygeneraldescriptivetermssuchasadequate,

proper,sufficient,andthelike;shallbeofsuchkindandqualityasareasonableandprudentman

experiencedinconstructionworkordemolitionwork,asappropriate,wouldrequireinorderto

effectasafeoperation.

(8)Safetyinspections:TheGeneralContractorand/orSub-Contractoronanyprojectincludedinthescopeof454

CMR10.00shallarrange tohave daily inspections made bydesignatedpersonsduringtheperiod

oftheprojectforthepurposeofassuringcompliancewith454CMR10.00.

(9)Rulesofconstruction:

Theprimecontractorandanysubcontractorsmaymaketheirownarrangementswithrespect

toobligationswhichmightbemoreappropriatelytreatedonajobsitebasisratherthanindividually.

Forexample,theprimecontractorandhissubcontractorsmaywishtomakeanexpressagreement

thattheprimecontractororoneofthesubcontractorswillprovideallrequiredfirst-aidortoilet

facilities,thusrelievingthesubcontractorsfromtheactual,butnotanylegal,responsibility(or,asthecasemaybe,relievingtheothersubcontractorsfromthisresponsibility).Innocaseshallthe

primecontractorberelievedofoverallresponsibilityforcompliancewiththerequirementsofthis

partforallworktobeperformedunderthecontract.

(10)MeansofEgress.

(a)Thereshallbeat least two exitsprovided throughout alldemolitionandconstructionprojects.

(b)Nostorageoraccumulationofmaterialsshallbeallowedinanyexitways.


11/274


10.04:GeneralPerformanceRequirements.

(1)Application. Thegeneralperformancerequirementscontainedin454CMR10.04shallnotbe

construedorappliedincontraventionofanyspecificprovisions of other sections of 454CMR 10.00.

(2)StrengthofEquipment.Allload-carryingequipmentshallbedesignedandconstructedthroughout

tosafelysupporttheintendedloads.

(3)OverheadHazards.Employeesorothersrequiredtoworkin,on,orpassanareawherematerials

orobjectsmayfallshallbeprovidedwithproperoverheadprotection.

(4)OverheadProtection. Overhead protection shallconsistofmaterialofsufficientstrength,design

and construction to safely repel objects, normally consistent with construction and demolition

operations,thatmayfallthereon.

(5)HighVoltageHazards.

(a) EquipmentLocation. Noequipmentormaterialshallbelocatedsothatbyoperationsor

manipulationsuchequipmentormaterialcancomewithintenfeetofanoverheadelectriclineof

750voltsormore.

(b)Safeguarding. Whenperiodicworkofapreventativemaintenancetype,suchaspainting,is

performedonhighvoltagetransmissiontowerssupportingenergizedlines,byotherthantrained

linemen,suchtowersshallhaveallexposureareassafelyprotectedagainstthehazardofcontact

withthelinespriortothestartofsuchwork.

Noemployershallrequireorpermitanyemployee,exceptasqualifiedabove,toworkonsuch

towersuntilthisrequirementismet.

(6) ProtectionofWorkmeninElevatorShafts. Duringtheinstallationorreplacementofelevatorsa

tightplatformoftwoinchplanks,inchplywood,ortheequivalent,shallbeinstalledtwostoriesabove

thelevelatwhichthecarorbufferinstallationorreplacementworkisbeingdonesoastoprovide

protectionagainstfallingmaterial.Suchplatformshall cover theentirecross-sectionalareaoftheshaft

exceptthatspacesnotexceeding12"maybe leftforrailclearancebetweentheedgeoftheplatform

andtheboundaryoftheshaft.

(a)Whenelevatorsarebeingreplaced,asolidorwiremeshpartitionshallbeprovidedwhere

necessarytopreventcontactwithanadjacentelevatororcounterweight.

(b) Innewconstructionwheremenare required toworkat intermediatelevels,overhead

protectionnotlessthan27"wideabovetheareawhereamanisworkingshallbeprovided.(c) Alifenetshallbeinstallednotmorethantwostoriesbelowtheplaceofwork,or,inlieuof

suchnet,lifelinesandsafetyharnessshallbeprovidedforandusedbytheworkmen.

(d) Duringrepair workinexistingelevatorshafts,allshaftdoorsshallbekeptclosedexceptthat

whileadoormustbekeptopentoperformthework,abarriershallbeerectedorapersonshall

bestationedattheopendoortopreventunauthorizedentrance.

(7)AirHose. Whenairhosethreequartersofan inchor moreindiameterisused,adevicesuchas

chain,rope,etc., shallbeattachedtothehosetopreventhosefromwhippingifcouplingbreaksoris

accidentallydisengaged.

PART2:OCCUPATIONALHEALTHANDENVIRONMENTALCONTROLS

10.05:MedicalServicesandFirstAid.

(1)Theemployershallinsuretheavailabilityofmedicalpersonnelforadviceandconsultationon

mattersofoccupationalhealth.

(2)Provisionsshallbemadepriortocommencementoftheprojectforpromptmedicalattentionin

caseofseriousinjury.


12/274


10.05:continued

(3)In theabsence of an infirmary, clinic,hospital,orphysician,thatisreasonablyaccessibleinterms

oftimeanddistancetotheworksite,whichisavailableforthe treatmentofinjuredemployees,aperson

whohasavalidcertificateinfirst-aidtrainingfromtheU.S.BureauofMines,theAmericanRedCross,orequivalenttrainingthatcanbeverifiedbydocumentaryevidence,shallbeavailableattheworksite

torenderfirstaid.

(4) First-AidKits.Onallconstructionanddemolitionprojectsinwhichlessthan100workersare

employed(oneshift),thefollowingfirst-aidkitsshallbeprovided:

NumberofEmployees NumberofKits

1- 25 1

26- 50 2

51- 75 3

76-100 4

(a)Contents.Thecontentsofthefirst-aidkitshallincludethefollowingorequivalentitems:

1. Adultsizeoralpharyngealairwaywithmouthguard.

2.Thermometer.

3.AmmoniaInhalants

4.Bandages-assortedtypesandsizes.

5.GauzePads-assortedtypesandsizes.

6.AdhesiveTape-invarioussizes.

7.UniversalDressing.

8.Scissors.

9.TongueDepressors.

10.ElasticBandage-varioussizes.

11.CervicalCollar-varioussizes.

12.Tourniquet.

13.Hot/ColdPacks.

14.RingCutter.

15.Flashlight.

16.DisposableGloves.

17. AntisepticSolution.

18.Forceps.19.SafetyPins.

20. TriangularBandage.

21.EyeDressings.

22. EyeWashSolution.

23. EyeCup.

24. AmpoulesofBetadine.

25.EyeDropper.

* Anyothersuppliesandequipmentwhichspecialcircumstancesmaydictate.

(5) Storage. First-aidsuppliesshallbestoredonthejobsiteinacentralareaeasilyaccessibleand

adequatelyidentified.Workersshallbeadvisedoftheareasoselected.

(a) Suchsuppliesshallbestoredindustproofcontainersandshallbeprotectedfromexcessive

heatandmoisture.

(6) Inspection.Contentsoffirst-aidkitsshallbecheckedatleast onceeach month for depletion and

deteriorationbyadesignatedperson.

(a)Usedmaterialshallbereplacedwithoutunduedelay.

(b)First-aidkitsshallneverbelocked.

(c) Name,address and telephonenumberofthenearestavailablephysicianandambulanceserviceshallbeconspicuouslypostedoneachfirst-aidkit.


13/274


10.05:continued

(7)First-AidStation.Oneveryconstructionoperationemployingmorethan100persons,atleast

onefirst-aidor emergencyroom,suitablylocatedandproperlyheated,shallbeprovidedinwhichthose

injuredortakenilluponthepremisesmayreceivefirst-aidtreatmentorrest.(a)First-aidstationsshallbe suitablyenclosedandshallprovideaminimumof100squarefeet

offloorspacewithprovisionsforadequatelight,heat,waterandventilation.

(b)Whenafirst-aidstationisestablished,theentirecontentsoffirst-aidkitshallbeavailablein

additiontothefollowingsupplieswhichshallbemaintainedatalltimes.

1.Bag,Valve,MaskVentilationUnit.

2. Adultsizeoralpharyngealairwaywithmouthgard.

3. PortableDsizedoxygen unitwith2000litercapacitywitharegulator,anadapter,tubing

andanadultsizedmask.

4.Portablesuctionmachinewithpharyngealtips.

5. DailyLog.

6.Telephoneanddirectoutsidedialing.

7.PaperCups.

8.Stretcher.

9.Pillowswithwaterproofcovers.

10.Sheets.

11.DisposableGloves.

12.PaperTowels.

13.SoapDispenser.

14. AbsorbentCotton.

15.Basin.

16.Arm/LegAirSplints.

17. Antiseptic.

18. Stethoscope.

19.BloodPressureApparatus.

20. IsopropylAlcohol.

21.CottonTipApplicators.

22. PetroleumJelly.

23.Instanthot/coldpacks.

(c) Wherehospitalserviceorfirst-aidserviceisavailablewithintheprojectorneartheproject,

first-aidstationsmaybeomittedwhenapprovedbytheCommissioner.

(8) Records. Alistingofeachinjurytoworkerrequiringhospitalizationorimmediatetreatmentby

adoctorshall be recorded. Such records shall beavailableat the siteforexaminationbythe

Commissionerduringtheperiodoftheproject.

(9)First-AidPersonnel. Thenumberofworkersqualified infirstaidrequiredonconstructionand

demolitionprojectsshallbeinaccordancewiththefollowing:

NumberofWorkers NumberofFirst-AidPeople

30to100 OneonProjectSite

100to200 TwoonProjectSiteOver200 OneAvailableatFirst-AidStation

(a)Thenamesandtradesofthefirst-aidpersonnelshallbepostedatthefirst-aidstation.

(b)Afirst-aidpersonshallbeapersonwithacurrentcertificateinfirst aidissuedby an approved

organization.

(c)Onprojectswhereadoctororregisterednurseisondutyatallhourswhen work isin

progress,first-aidpersonnelarenotrequired.

(10) Properequipmentforprompttransportationoftheinjuredpersontoaphysicianorhospital,or

acommunicationsystemforcontactingnecessaryambulanceservice,shallbeprovided.

(11) Thetelephonenumbersofthephysicians,hospitals,orambulances shallbeconspicuously

posted.


14/274


10.05:continued

(12) SkinIrritants. Inareaswhereworkersareexposedtopoisonousplantsorchemicalirritantssuch

aslime,creosote,epoxyresinsandotherharmfulsubstances,thefollowingprotectivemeasures,as

pertinent,shallbeprovided:(a)Wherepractical,poisonousplantsshallberemovedordestroyed.

(b)Allemployeesshallbeinstructedinthesafeuseofharmfulsubstances.

(c)Atnotimeshallsuchplantsbeburnedonaconstructionordemolitionsite.

(d) Appropriateprotectiveclothing,gloves,etc.,shallbeprovidedbytheemployer.

(e)Protectiveclothingprovidedshallbewornbytheemployee.

(f)Protectiveointmentshallbeprovided.

(g)Soapandwatershallbeavailableforwashingexposedparts.

(h) Approvedfirst-aidremediesshallbeprovidedfortreatmentofaffectedskinareasandeyes.

10.06:Sanitation

(1)ToiletFacilities. Fromthestartofworkonallconstructionordemolitionoperationsthereshall

beprovidedonthesitewaterclosetsorapprovedchemicaltoiletstoaccommodatetheworkmento

beemployedthereon.TheuseofpriviesisprohibitedunlessapprovedbytheCommissioner.

(2) WaterClosets.WaterclosetsandconnectionsshallconformtoallexistinglocalorStateLaws

pertainingthereto.

(a) Installationandconnectiontotheexistingdisposalsystemshallbemadeassoonaswater

supplyandsewageconnectionsaremade.

(b)Suchtoiletsshallbesocoveredandprotectedthattheoccupantsareshelteredfromviewand

protectedagainstfallingobjects.

(c)Theemployershalldesignateoneormoreemployeeswhosedutyitshallbetothoroughly

cleanthetoiletcompartmentsandfixturesatleastonceeachday.

1. Theemployershallprovideasupplyofsanitarytoiletpaperandpapertowelsinalltoilet

installations.

2.Theemployeesshallcooperate in keeping the toiletsandcompartmentscleanandorderly.

(3)Ventilation. Toiletfacilitiesshallhaveadequateventilationandnaturalorartificialilluminationas

wellasreasonableheatduringthewinterseason.

(4) RequiredNumber. Waterclosetsorchemicaltoiletsshallbeprovidedinnotlessthanthefollowingratio:

NumberofWorkers NumberofUnits

25orlessemployees 1

25to50employees 2

50to75employees 3

75to100employees 4

Foreachadditional30employeesinexcessof100,onemoreunit.

(5)Accessibility. Toiletfacilitiesshallbereadilyaccessibleandinnocase,exceptonroadwork,shall

suchfacilitiesbelocatedmorethan300'distantfromworklocations.

(a)Onprojectsmorethanfourstoriesinheight,toilet facilities shall be providedon the thirdfloor

andeachsucceedingfourthfloor.

(b)Onallprojectswherefemalesareemployed,separatetoiletfacilitiesshallbeprovidedand

properlydesignated,unlessalockisprovidedontheinsideofthedoor.

(6)WashingFacilities.

(a) RequiredAccommodations. Washing accommodations shall bemade available forall

employees.(b)Onprojectsemployinglessthan100employees,oneofthefollowingshallbeprovided:

1.Asupplyoffresh,cleanwaterandacontainerforeachfivepersons.


15/274


10.06:continued

2.Afresh,cleanrunningwateroutletshallbeprovidedforeach30persons.

3.Onprojectsemploying100ormoreemployeesononeshiftawashroom shallbeprovided

withasupplyofrunningfresh,cleanwaterwithafixedwashbasinforeach20persons.

(7)SpecialWashingFacilities. Asupplyof clean,warm andcoldwater,soapandpapertowelsshall

beprovidedforallemployeesrequiredtouseorhandlecorrosiveorharmfulsubstances.

(8) ChangeHouses. Whereemployeeschangetheirclothesonthe job,changehousesorother

enclosedandshelteredlocationsofsufficientsizetoaccommodatetheemployeesshallbeprovided.

Suchchangehouses or locations shallhaveproperlightingandventilationandshallbeadequately

heated.

(9) DrinkingWater.AdequateSupply. Thereshallbeprovidedinreadilyaccessiblelocationson

everyconstructionsite,asufficientsupplyofclean,pureandcool drinkingwater,securedfromthecity

ortownwatersystem.

(a)Insuchdistrictswherenolocal water systemis available,thedrinkingwatershallbeobtained

fromareputablesourcethatwillassurethepurityofthewatersupplied.

(b)Thedrinkingwaterifmadeavailabletoemployeesfromtheusualpipingsystemsshallbe

equippedattheoutletwithabubbler-typedrinkingattachment.

(c)Allotherdrinkingwatersuppliedshallbeprovidedfromatightlycoveredcontainer,witha

filleropeningsufficientinsizetopermitpropercleansing.

1. The containershall beequippedwith eitherthebubbler-type,orfaucet, forusein

controllingthedischargeofthewater.

2. Individualdrinkingcupsshallbeprovidedateachdrinkingstation.

3. Theuseofthecommondrinkingcupisprohibited.

(10)VerminControl. Everyenclosedworkplaceshallbesoconstructed,equipped,andmaintained,

sofarasreasonablypracticable,astopreventtheentranceorharborageofrodents,insects,andother

vermin. Acontinuingandeffectiveexterminationprogramshallbeinstitutedwheretheirpresenceis

detected.

(11)FoodHandling. Allemployees'foodservicefacilitiesandoperationsshallmeettheapplicable

laws,ordinances,andregulationsofthejurisdictionsinwhichtheyarelocated.

(12)TemporarySleepingQuarters. Whentemporarysleepingquartersareprovided,theyshallbe

heated,ventilated,andlighted.

10.07:OccupationalNoiseExposure

(1)Protectionagainsttheeffectsofnoiseexposureshallbeprovidedwhenthesoundlevelsexceed

thoseshowninTable10.07-1of454CMR10.07whenmeasuredontheA-scaleofastandardsound

levelmeteratslowresponse.

(2)WhenemployeesaresubjectedtosoundlevelsexceedingthoselistedinTable10.07-1,feasibleadministrativeorengineeringcontrolsshallbeutilized.Ifsuchcontrolsfailtoreducesoundlevelswithin

thelevelsofthetable,personalprotectiveequipment as requiredin454CMR10.00,Part3,shallbe

providedandusedtoreducesoundlevelswithinthelevelsofthetable.

(3) Ifthevariationsinnoiselevelinvolvemaxima at intervals ofonesecondorless,itistobe

consideredcontinuous.

(4) Inallcaseswherethesoundlevelsexceed the valuesshown herein,acontinuing,effectivehearing

conservationprogramshallbeadministered.


16/274

10.07:continued


TABLE10-07-1PERMISSIBLENOISEEXPOSURES

S)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

)))))))Q

Soundlevel

Durationperday,hours dBAslow

response

S)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

)))))))Q

8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

orless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

(5)Whenthedailynoiseexposureis composedoftwoormoreperiodsofnoiseexposureofdifferent

levels,theircombinedeffectshouldbe considered, ratherthanthe individualeffectofeach.Exposure

todifferentlevelsforvariousperiodsoftimeshallbecomputedaccordingtotheformulasetforthin

454CMR10.07(5)(a).

(a)F=(T/L)+(T/L)+ .. .+(T/L )where:e 1 1 2 2 n m

F=Theequivalentnoiseexposurefactor.e

T=Theperiodofnoiseexposureatanyessentiallyconstantlevel.

L=Thedurationofthepermissiblenoiseexposureattheconstantlevel(fromTable10-07-1).

IfthevalueofF exceedsunity(1)theexposureexceedspermissiblelevels.e

(b)Asamplecomputationshowinganapplicationoftheformulain454CMR10.07(5)(a)isasfollows.Anemployeeisexposedattheselevelsfortheseperiods:

110dbAhour.

100dbAhour.

90dbA1hours.

F=(1/4/1/2)+(1/2/2)+(11/2/8)e

F=0.500+0.25+0.188e

F=0.938e

SincethevalueofF doesnotexceedunity,theexposureiswithinpermissiblelimits.e

(6)Exposuretoimpulsiveorimpactnoiseshouldnotexceed140dBpeaksoundpressurelevel.

10.08:IonizingRadiation

(1)Inconstructionandrelatedactivitiesinvolvingtheuseof sources ofionizingradiation,thepertinent

provisionsoftheNuclearRegulatoryCommission'sStandardsforProtectionAgainstRadiation(10

CFRPart20),relatingtoprotectionagainstoccupationalradiationexposure,shallapply.


17/274


10.08:continued

(2) AnyactivitywhichinvolvestheuseofradioactivematerialsorX-rays,whetherornotunder

licensefromtheNuclear Regulatory Commission,shallbeperformedbycompetentpersonsspecially

trainedintheproperandsafeoperation ofsuchequipment.InthecaseofmaterialsusedunderCommission license, onlypersons actually licensed, or competent pe rsons under direction and

supervisionofthelicensee,shallperformsuchwork.

(3) Sources ofionizing radiation including radioactivematerialand ionizing radiationproducing

equipmentshallberegisteredwiththeCommissionerofLaborandIndustriesinaccordancewiththe

provisionsof453CMR4.00.Themedicalrequirementsof453CMR4.00shallalsobeobserved

whereapplicable.

10.09:NonionizingRadiation

(1) UltravioletRadiation(200-400nanometers)TheThresholdLimitValues(TLV)oftheAmerican

ConferenceofGovernmentalIndustrialHygienistsshallapplyintheabsenceofCommonwealth or

Federalregulatorycriteriaorstandards.SeePhysicalDataSheetNo. 3onUltravioletRadiationissued

byMassachusettsDivisionofOccupationalHygiene,foradditionalinformationandrecommendedsafe

practices.

(2) InfraredRadiation(700 -1,000,000nonometers)TheThresholdLimitValues(TLV)ofthe

American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists shall apply in the absence of

CommonwealthorFederal regulatory criteriaorstandards. SeePhysicalDataSheetNo. 4 for

InfraredRadiationissuedbyMassachusettsDivisionofOccupationalHygiene,forinformationand

recommendedsafepractices.

(3)LaserRadiation

(a) Theenergy(radiation)transmittedbylasersrangesfromultraviolettoinfrared,dependingon

thesourceofemissionorlasingmedium. Safetyproceduresnecessaryforlaseroperationvarywith

thelaserhazardclassification.Laserclassificationisgiveninthemanufacturer'slabelforlasers

madeforsaleintheU.S.A.sinceAugust2,1976. Alaserwithoutaclassificationshallhaveits

applicable class established after determining the required radiometric parameters using the

guidanceprovidedinSection3.2andtheAppendixAtablescontainedinANSIZ136.1-1986.

(b)LaserClassification:

1. Class I. This class includes the lowest powered lasers and is normally limited togallium-arsenidelasersorcertainenclosedlasers.AClassIlaserisonethatisconsideredto

beincapableofproducingdamagingradiationlevelsandis,thereforeexemptfromany control

measuresorotherformsofsurveillance.

2.ClassII. Thisclasslaseremitsinthevisibleportionofthespectrum(0.4to0.7pm)and

eyeprotectionisnormallyaffordedbytheaversionresponseincludingtheblinkreflex.Class

IIlasersarefrequentlytermedlow-power,butshouldhaveacautionlabelaffixedtoindicate

thatanindividualshouldnotpurposefullystareintothelaser.

3. ClassIII.ClassIIIlasers(medium-power)aredividedintotwosubclasses,3aand3b.

ClassIIIlasersarethosewhichcancauseinjurywithin thenatural aversionresponsetime,i.e.,

fasterthantheblinkreflex (0.25second).These lasers arenotcapableofcausingseriousskininjuryorhazardousdiffusereflectionsundernormaluse.ClassIIIlasersmusthavedanger

labels.AClassIIIlaserisnormallynotafirehazard.

4. ClassIV. AClassIVlaser(highpower)isahazardtotheeyeandskinfromthedirect

beamandsometimesfromadiffusereflection.AClassIVlasercanbeafirehazard.

(c)LaserSafetyPrecautionsandControls:

1.ClassIControls:Nousersafetyrulesarenecessary.
http:///reader/full/reflex(0.25http:///reader/full/reflex(0.25


18/274


10.09:continued

2.

3.

4.

ClassIIControls:

a.Nopersonshallbepermittedtocontinuouslystareintothelasersourceifexposure

levelsexceedtheapplicablepermissibleexposurelevelforthedurationoftheintendedstare.

b.Thelaserbeamshallnotbedirectedatemployeesormembersofthepublic.

ClassIIIControls:

a. Thelasershallnotbeaimedatanindividual'seye.

b.Onlyqualifiedandtrainedpersonnelshallbeassignedtoinstall,adjustandoperate

ClassIIIlasers.

c. Beampath shall beenclosed tomaximumpractical extent. Useof transparent

enclosure shall be usedif necessary toprevent individuals from placing theirheador

reflectingobjects within thebeam path.Terminations shallbeusedattheendoftheuseful

pathsofthedirectandanysecondarybeams.

d.Shutters,polarizersandopticalfilters shall be placedatthelaserexitporttoreducethe

beampower tothe minimalusefullevel.Lasershallbeturnedoffwhenlasertransmission

isnotactuallyrequired,orwhenlaserisleftunattendedforasubstantialperiodoftime,

suchasduringlunchhour,overnight,oratchangeofshifts.

e.Spectatorsshallbecontrolledandkeptawayfrombeampath.

f.Awarninglightoraudiblealarmsuchasbuzzershallbeusedtoindicatelaseroperation.

(Thisisespeciallyneededifthebeamisnotvisible,i.e.,forinfraredlasers.)

g. Lasertrackingofnontargetvehiclesoraircraftshallnotbepermitted.

h. Lasershallonlybeoperatedinarestrictedareaandstandardlaserwarningsignsshall

beconspicuouslyposted.

i.Laserbeampathshallbeplacedwellaboveorwellbelowtheeyelevelofanysitting

orstandardemployeeorobserverwheneverpossible.Thelasershallbemountedfirmly

toassurethatthebeamstravelsonlyalongitsintendedpath.

j.Properlasereyeprotectionasspecifiedin Part 3 shall be used if a potentialeyehazard

existsforthedirectbeamoraspecularreflection.

k.Akeyswitchshallbeinstalledtominimizetamperingbyunauthorizedindividuals.

l. The beam or its specular reflection shall never be directly viewed with optical

instrumentssuchasbinocularsortelescopes.

m.Allunnecessarymirror-likesurfacesshallberemovedfromwithinthevicinityofthe

laserbeampath.

n. Whenitisrainingorsnowing,orwherethereisdustorfogintheair,laseroperation shallbeprohibitedwherepracticable;inany event,all personnel shall bekeptoutofrange

oftheareaofsourceandtargetduringsuchweatherconditions.

ClassIVControls:

a. ClassIVlasersshallbeoperatedwithinalocalizedenclosure,or ina controlled

workplace,orwherethe beam isdirected intoouterspace.Ifacompletelocalenclosure

is not possible, laseroperationindoorsshall be ina light-tight room with interlocked

entrancestoassurethatthelasercannotemitwhileadoorisopen.

b. EyeprotectionasspecifiedinPart3shallbeused byall individuals workingwithin the

controlledarea.If the laser beam irradiance issufficienttobeaseriousskinorfirehazard,

asuitableshieldshallbeusedbetweenthelaserbeamandanypersonnel.c. Remotefiringwithvideomonitoringorothersaferemoteviewingtechniquesshallbe

chosenwhenfeasible.

d. OutdoorClassIVlaserdevicessuchasasatellitelasertransmissionsystemandlaser

radar(LIDAR)shallhavepositivestopsontheazimuthandelevationtraversetoassure

thatthebeamcannotinterceptoccupiedareasornon-targetaircraft.

e.Beamshutters,beampolarizers,andbeamfiltersshallalwaysbeusedtolimituseto

authorizedpersonnelonly.Theflashlampsinopticalpumpsystemsshallbeshieldedto

eliminateanydirectviewing.


19/274


10.09:continued

f. Backstopsshallbediffuselyreflecting-fireresistanttargetsuchasfirebrick,asbestos

orearthen,wherefeasible.Safetyenclosuresshallbeusedaroundmicroweldingand

microdrillingworkpiecestocontainhazardousreflectionsfromtheworkarea.

10.10:Gases,Vapors,Fumes,Dusts,andMists

(1) Exposureofemployeestoinhalation,ingestion,skinabsorption,orcontactwithanymaterialor

substanceataconcentrationabove thosespecified in the "ThresholdLimitValuesofAirborne

Contaminants"for 1988-89oftheAmericanConferenceofGovernmentalIndustrialHygienists,shall

beavoided.

(2) Toachievecompliancewith454CMR10.10(1)administrativeorengineeringcontrolsmustfirst

beimplementedwheneverfeasible.Whensuchcontrolsarenotfeasibletoachievefullcompliance,

protectiveequipmentorotherprotectivemeasuresshallbeusedtokeeptheexposuresofemployees

toaircontaminantswithinthelimitsprescribed in454CMR10.10.Anyequipmentand technical

measuresusedforthispurposemustfirstbeapprovedforeachparticularusebyacompetentindustrial

hygienistorothertechnicallyqualifiedperson.Wheneverrespiratorsareused,theiruseshallcomply

with454CMR10.24-1.

10.11:Illumination

(1)General. Construction areas,ramps,runways,corridors,offices,shops,andstorageareasshall

belightedtonotlessthantheminimumilluminationintensitieslistedinTable10.11-1whileanywork

isinprogress:

TABLE10.11-1-MINIMUMILLUMINATION

INTENSITIESINFOOT-CANDLES

S)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

)))))))Q

Foot-candles Areaofoperation

5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Generalconstructionarealighting.

3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Generalconstructionareas,concreteplacement,excavationandwasteareas,accessways,activestorage

areas,loadingplatforms,refueling,andfieldmaintenance

areas.

5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indoors:warehouses,corridors,hallways,and

exitways.

5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tunnels,shafts, and generalundergroundworkareas:

(Exception:minimum of tenfoot-candles is required at

tunnel and shaft heading during drilling, mucking, andscaling. BureauofMinesapprovedcap lightsshall be

acceptableforuseinthetunnelheading.)

10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Generalconstructionplantandshops(e.g.,batchplants,

screening plants, mechanical and electrical equipment

rooms, carpenter shops, rigging lofts and active

storerooms,barracksorlivingquarters,lockerordressing

rooms,messhalls,andindoortoiletsandworkrooms).

30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Firstaidstations,infirmaries,andoffices.

(2) Otherareas. Forareasoroperationsnotcoveredabove, referto theAmericanNational

StandardA11.1-1979, RP-7 1983, Practice forIndustrialLighting, forrecommendedvaluesof


20/274


illumination.


21/274


10.12:Ventilation

(1)General. Wheneverhazardoussubstancessuchasdust,fumes,mists,vapors,orgasesexistor

areproduced inthe courseofconstructionwork, theirconcentrationsshall notexceed the limits

specifiedin454CMR10.10(1).Whenventilationisusedasanengineeringcontrolmethod,thesystemshallbeinstalledandoperatedaccordingtotherequirementsof454CMR10.12.

(2) LocalExhaustVentilation. Localexhaustventilationwhenusedasdescribedin454CMR

10.10(2) shallbedesignedtopreventdispersionintotheairofdusts,fumes,mists,vapors,andgases

inconcentrationscausingharmfulexposure.Suchexhaustsystemsshallbesodesignedthatdusts,

fumes,mists,vapors,orgasesarenotdrawnthroughtheworkareaofemployees.

(3) Design and Operation. Exhaust fans, jets, ducts, hoods, separators, and all necessary

appurtenances,includingrefusereceptacles,shallbesodesigned,constructed,maintainedandoperated

astoensuretherequiredprotectionbymaintainingavolumeandvelocityofexhaustairsufficientto

gather dusts,fumes,vapors,orgasesfromsaidequipmentorprocess,andtoconvey themtosuitable

pointsofsafedisposal,therebypreventingtheirdispersioninharmfulquantitiesintotheatmosphere

whereemployeeswork.

(4)DurationofOperations. Theexhaustsystemshallbe in operationcontinuallyduringalloperations

whichitisdesignedtoserve.Iftheemployeeremains in thecontaminatedzone,thesystemshall

continuetooperateafterthecessationofsaidoperations,thelengthoftime to depend uponthe

individualcircumstancesandeffectivenessofthegeneralventilationsystem.

Sincedustcapableofcausingdisabilityis,accordingtothebestmedicalopinion,ofmicroscopic

size, tendingtoremainforhoursinsuspensioninstillair, itisessentialthattheexhaustsystembe

continuedinoperationforatimeaftertheworkprocessorequipmentservedbythesameshallhave

ceased,inordertoensuretheremovaloftheharmfulelementstotherequiredextent.Forthesame

reason,employeeswearing respiratory equipment should notremovesame immediatelyuntil the

atmosphereseemsclear.

(5)DisposalofExhaustMaterials. Theairoutletfromeverydustseparator,andthedusts,fumes,

mists,vapors,orgasescollectedbyanexhaustorventilating systemshalldischargetotheoutside

atmosphere. Collectingsystemswhichreturnairtoworkareamaybeusedifconcentrationswhich

accumulateintheworkareaairdonot resultinharmfulexposuretoemployees.Dustandrefuse

dischargefrom an exhaustsystem shallbedisposedofinsuchamannerthatitwillnotresultin harmful

exposuretoemployees.

PART3:PERSONALPROTECTIVEANDLIFESAVINGEQUIPMENT

10.19:DefinitionsApplicableto454CMR10.20through10.27

Contaminant.Anymaterialwhichbyreasonofitsactionupon,within,ortoapersonislikelytocause

physicalharm.

Lanyard.Arope,suitableforsupportingoneperson. Oneendisfastenedtoasafetyharnessandthe

otherendissecuredtoasubstantialobjectorasafetyline.

Lifeline. Arope,suitableforsupportingoneperson,towhichalanyardor safetyharness is attached.

O.D.Opticaldensityandreferstothelightrefractivecharacteristicsofalens.

RadiantEnergy.Energythattravelsoutwardinalldirectionsfromitssources.


22/274


10.19:continued

Safety Harness.Adesignofsimpleorcompoundstrapsthatmaybesecuredaboutthewearerin such

amannerastodistributethestoppingforcesoverthethighs,buttock,chest,andshoulders,orany

combinationthereof,andwithprovisionforattachingalanyardinthebackbetweenchestandshoulderlevel.

LifeNet. Atypeofprotectiveequipmentforusewhenunusualworkconditionsprevail.

10.20:PersonalProtectiveApparel

(1) Boots. Thedirectemployershallprovidetoeveryemployeerequiredtowork inwater,wet

concreteorotherwetfooting,waterproofbootswithsafetyinsoles.

(2) WaterproofClothing. Thedirectemployershallprovidetoeveryemployeerequiredtoworkin

rainorotherwettingconditionsawaterproofcoatandhat.

(3) CorrosiveandDangerousSubstances. Thedirectemployershallprovidetoeveryemployee

requiredtouseorhandleanydangerousorcorrosivesubstancesappropriateprotectiveapparel.

(4)Maintenance. Allpersonalequipmentshallbekeptcleanandingoodrepair. Beforebeing

transferredfromoneemployeetoanother,hats,bootliners,goggles,glassesandweldersshieldsshall

bemadecleanandsanitary.

10.21:HeadProtection

(1)Employeesworkinginareaswhere there is a possible danger of headinjuryfromimpact,orfrom

fallingorflyingobjects,orfromelectricalshockandburns,shallbeprotectedbyprotectivehelmets.

(2)Helmetsfortheprotectionofemployeesagainstimpactandpenetrationoffallingandflyingobjects

shallmeetthespecificationscontainedinAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute,Z89.1-1981,Safety

RequirementsforIndustrialHeadProtection.

(3) Helmetsfortheheadprotectionofemployeesexposedtohighvoltageelectrical shock and burns

shallmeetthespecificationscontainedinAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute,Z89.2-1971.

(4)Suchhatsshallbeprovidedby the direc t employersfortheemployeesandbythegeneral

contractorforotherpersons.

10.22:HearingProtection

(1)Whereveritisnotfeasibletoreducethenoiselevelsordurationofexposurestothosespecified

inTable10.7-1,PermissibleNoiseExposures,inhearingprotectivedevicesshallbeprovidedand

used.

(2)Earprotectivedevicesinsertedintheearshallbefittedordeterminedindividuallybycompetentpersons.

(3)Plaincottonisnotanacceptableprotectivedevice.

10.23:EyeandFaceProtection

(1) General. Employeesshallbeprovidedwitheyeandfaceprotectionequipmentwhenmachines

oroperationspresentpotentialeyeorfaceinjuryfromphysical,chemical,orradiationagents.

(a)Eyeandface protection equipment requiredbythisPartshallmeettherequirementsspecified

inAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute,Z87.1-1979,PracticeforOccupationalandEducationalEyeandFaceProtection.


23/274


10.23:continued

(b)Employeeswhose vision requires the useofcorrectivelensesinspectacles,whenrequiredby

454CMR10.23toweareyeprotection,shallbeprotectedbygogglesorspectaclesofoneof

thefollowingtypes:1. Spectacleswhoseprotectivelensesprovideopticalcorrection;

2. Gogglesthancanbewornovercorrectivespectacles withoutdisturbingthe adjustmentof

thespectacles;

3.Gogglesthatincorporatecorrectivelensesmountedbehindtheprotectivelenses.

(c) Faceandeyeprotectionequipmentshallbekeptcleanandingoodrepair.Theuseofthis

typeequipmentwithstructuraloropticaldefectsshallbeprohibited.

(d) Table10.23-1 shallbeusedasaguideintheselectionoffaceandeyeprotectionforthe

hazardsandoperationsnoted.

TABLE10.23-1

EYEANDFACEPROTECTORSSELECTIONGUIDE

1. GOGGLES,FlexibleFittingRegularVentilation

2. GOGGLES,FlexibleFitting,HoodedVentilation

3. GOGGLES,CushionedFitting,RigidBody

*4. SPECTACLES,MetalFrame,withSideshields

*5. SPECTACLES,PlasticFrame,withSideshields

*6. SPECTACLES,Metal-PlasticFrame,withSideshields **7. WELDINGGOGGLES,EyecupType,TintedLenses(illustrated)

7A. CHIPPINGGOGGLES,EyecupType,ClearSafetyLenses(NotIllustrated)

**8. WELDINGGOGGLES,CoverspecTypeTintedLenses(Illustrated)

8A. CHIPPINGGOGGLES,CoverspecType,ClearSafetyLenses(NotIllustrated)

**9.WELDINGGOGGLES,CoverspecType,TintedPlateLens

10.FACESHIELD(AvailablewithPlasticorMeshWindow)

**11.WELDINGHELMETS

*Non-sideshieldspectaclesareavailableforlimitedhazarduserequiringonlyfrontalprotection.

**SeeTable10-23-2,of454CMR10.23,FilterLensShadeNumbers for ProtectionAgainstRadiant

Energy.


24/274


10.23:continued

TABLE10-23-2

APPLICATIONS

Operation Hazards

Recommendedprotectors:

Boldtypenumberssignify

signifypreferredprotection

Acetylene-Burning,Acety

lene-Cutting,Acetylene-

Sparks,harmful

rays,moltenmetal,

flyingparticles.

7,8,9.

ChemicalHandling Splash,acidburns,

fumes.

2,10(Forsevere

exposureadd10over2).

Chipping Flyingparticles 1,3,4,5,6,7A,8A.

Electric(arc)welding Sparks,intense

rays,molten

metal.

9,11,(11incombination

with4,5,6,intinted

lenses,advisable).

Furnaceoperations Glare,heat,molten 7,8,9(Forsevereex-

exposureadd10).

Grinding-Light Flyingparticles 1,3,4,5,6,10.

Grinding-Heavy

Grinding-Heavy

Flyingparticles

Flyingparticles

1,3,7A,8A(Forsevere

exposureadd10).

1,3,7A,8A(Forsevere

exposureadd10).

Laboratory Chemicalsplash,

glassbreakage

2(10whenincombina

tionwith4,5,6).

Machining Flyingparticles 1,3,4,5,6,10.

Moltenmetals Heat,glare,sparks,

splash

7,8,(10incombination

with4,5,6,intinted

lenses).

Spotwelding Flyingparticles, 1,3,4,5,6,10.

(2) ProtectionAgainstRadiantEnergy. SelectionofShadeNumbersfor WeldingFilter.Table

10-23-3shallbeusedasaguidefortheselectionofthepropershadenumbersof filterlensesorplates

usedinwelding.Shadesmoredensethanthoselistedmaybeusedtosuitetheindividual'sneeds.

TABLE10-23-3

FILTERLENSSHADENUMBERS

FORPROTECTIONAGAINSTRADIANTENERGY

WeldingOperation

Shieldedmetal-arcwelding1/16-,3/32-,1/8-,5/32-inch

Shade

Number

diameterelectrodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Gas-shieldedarcwelding(nonferrous)1/16-,3/32-,1/8-,

5/32-inchdiameterelectrodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Gas-shieldedarcwelding(ferrous)1/16-,3/32-,1/8-,


25/274


5/32-inchdiameterelectrodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12


26/274


10.23: continued

TABLE10-23-3(continued)

FILTERLENSSHADENUMBERS FORPROTECTIONAGAINSTRADIANTENERGY

WeldingOperation Shade

Number

Shieldedmetal-arcwelding3/16-,7/32-,-inch

diameterelectrodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

5/16-,d-inchdiameterelectrodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Atomichydrogenwelding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-14

Carbon-arcwelding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Soldering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Torchbrazing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3or4

Lightcutting,upto1inch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3or4

Mediumcutting,1inchto6inches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4or5

Heavycutting,over6inches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5or6

Gaswelding(light),uptoc-inch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4or5

Gaswelding(medium),c-inchto-inch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5or6

Gaswelding(heavy),over-inch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6or8

(a) Laser Protection. Employeeswhoseoccupationorassignmentrequiresexposuretolaser

beams shall befurnishedsuitablelasersafetygoggleswhichwillprotectforthespecificwavelength

ofthelaserandbeofopticaldensity(O.D.)adequatefortheenergyinvolved. Table 10-23-4lists

themaximumpowerorenergydensityforwhichadequateprotectionisaffordedbyglassesof

opticaldensitiesfromfivethrougheight.

TABLE10-23-4

SELECTINGLASERSAFETYGLASS

S)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

)))))))Q

Intensity,CW

maximumpowerdensity(watts/

cm )2

Attenuation

Opticaldensity

(O.D.) Attenuationfactor

10 2

10 1

1.0

10.0

5

6

7

8

105

106

107

108

Outputlevelsfallingbetweenlinesinthistableshallrequirethehigheropticaldensity.Allprotectivegogglesshallbearalabelidentifyingthefollowingdata:

1. Thelaserwavelengthsforwhichuseisintended;

2.Theopticaldensityofthosewavelengths;

3. Thevisiblelighttransmission.

10.24: RespiratoryProtection

(1) General. Inemergencies,orwhencontrolsrequiredbyPart2eitherfailorareinadequateto

prevent harmfulexposuretoemployees,appropriaterespiratoryprotectivedevicesshallbeprovided

bytheemployerandshallbeused.Respiratoryprotectivedevicesshallbeapprovedby the U.S. BureauofMinesoracceptableto

theDepartmentofLaborforthespecificcontaminanttowhichtheemployeeisexposed.


27/274



28/274


10.24:continued

(2) RespiratorSelection. Thechemicalandphysicalpropertiesofthecontaminant,aswellasthe

toxicity andconcentrationof the hazardousmaterial, shall be considered inselectingthe proper

respirators.

(a) Thenatureandextentofthehazard,workrequirements, and conditions,aswellasthelimitationsandcharacteristicsoftheavailablerespirators,shallalsobefactorsconsideredinmaking

theproperselection.

(b) The followingtable lists the typesof respiratorsrequiredforprotection indangerous

atmospheres:

TABLE10.24-1

SELECTIONOFRESPIRATORS

Hazard Respirator(SeeNote)

Oxygendeficiency Self-conta ined breathing apparatus. Hose maskwithblower.Combinationair-linerespiratorwithauxiliaryself-containedairsupplyor

anair-storagereceiverwithalarm.

Gas and vapor contaminants Self-containedbreathing apparatus. Hosemaskwithblower. Air-

immediately dangerous to life and purifying,fullfacepiecerespiratorwithcanister(gasmask).Self-rescue

health mouthpiecerespirator(forescapeonly).Combinationair-linerespirator

withauxiliaryself-containedairsupplyoranair-storagereceiverwith

alarm.

Not immediatelydangerous to life Air-linerespirator.Hosemaskwithoutblower.Air-purifying,half-mask

andhealth. ormouth-piecerespiratorwithchemicalcartridge

Part icula t e c on ta mina nt s Self-contained breathing apparatus. Hose mask with blower.

immediately dangerous to life and Air-purifying,fullfacepiecerespiratorwithappropriatefilter.Self-rescue

health. mouthpiecerespirator(forescapeonly).Combinationair-linerespirator

withauxiliaryself-containedairsupplyoranair-storagereceiverwith

alarm.

Not immediatelydangerous to life Air-purifying, half-mask or mouthpiece respirator with filter pad or

andhealth cartridge. Air-linerespirator. Air-lineabrasiveblastingashosemask

withoutblower.

Combination gas, vapor, and Self-contained breathing apparatus. Hosemaskwithblower. Air-

p a r t ic u la te co nta minan t s purifying,fullfacepiecerespiratorwithchemicalcanisterandappropriate

immediately dangerous to life and filter (gas mask with filter). Self-rescue mouthpiece respirator (for

health. escape only). Combination air-line respirator with auxiliary

self-containedairsupplyoranair-storagereceiverwithalarm.

Notimmediatelydangerousto Air-linerespirator. Hosemaskwithoutblower.Air-purifying,half-mask

lifeandhealth. ormouth-piecerespiratorwithchemicalcartridgeandappropriatefilter

NOTE:Forthepurposeofthispart,"immediatelydangeroustolifeandhealth"is definedasaconditionthateither

posesanimmediatethreattolifeandhealthoranimmediatethreatofsevereexposuretocontaminants,suchas

radioactivematerials,whicharelikelytohaveadversedelayedeffectsonhealth.

(3) Selection, Issuance,UseandCareofRespirators. Employees required touserespiratory

protectiveequipmentapprovedforuseinatmospheresimmediatelydangeroustolifeshallbethoroughly

trainedinitsuse.Employeesrequiredtouseothertypesofrespiratoryprotectiveequipmentshallbe

instructedintheuseandlimitationsofsuchequipment.


29/274


10.24:continued

(a) Respiratory protective equipment shall be inspected regularly and maintained ingood

condition.Gasmaskcanistersandchemicalcartridgesshallbereplacedasnecessarysoasto

providecompleteprotection.Mechanicalfiltersshallbecleanedorreplacedasnecessarysoastoavoidundueresistancetobreathing.

(b) Respiratory protectiveequipment whichhasbeenpreviouslyusedshall be cleanedand

disinfectedbeforeitisissuedbytheemployertoanotheremployee. Emergencyrescueequipment

shallbecleanedanddisinfectedimmediatelyaftereachuse.

(c)Writtenstandardoperating procedures governing the selection anduseofrespiratorsshallbe

established.

(d)Wherepracticable,therespiratorsshouldbeassignedtoindividualworkersfortheirexclusive

use.

(e)Respiratorsshallbestoredinaconvenient,clean,andsanitarylocation.

(f)Respiratorsusedroutinelyshallbeinspectedduringcleaning.Wornordeterioratedpartsshall

bereplaced. Respiratorsforemergencyusesuchasself-containeddevicesshallbethoroughly

inspectedatleastonceamonthandaftereachuse.

(g) Persons shouldnotbeassigned totasks requiringuseof respiratorsunlessithasbeen

determinedthattheyarephysicallyabletoperformtheworkandusetheequipment. Thelocal

physicianshalldeterminewhathealthandphysicalconditionsarepertinent.Therespiratoruser's

medicalstatusshouldbereviewedperiodically(forinstance,annually).

(h)Forsafeuseofanyrespirator,itisessentialthattheuserbeproperly instructedin its selection,

use,andmaintenance.Bothsupervisorsandworkersshallbesoinstructedbycompetentpersons.

Trainingshallprovidethemenanopportunitytohandletherespirator,haveitfittedproperly,test

itsfacepiece-to-faceseal,wearitinnormalairforalongfamiliarityperiod,andfinally,towearit

inatestatmosphere.

(i)Everyrespirator wearer shallreceivefitting instructionsincludingdemonstrationsandpractice

inhowtherespiratorshouldbeworn,howtoadjustit,andhowtodetermineifitfitsproperly.

Respiratorsshallnotbewornwhenconditionspreventa goodface seal.Suchconditions maybe

agrowthofbeard,sideburns,askullcapthatprojectsunderthefacepiece,ortemplepieceson

glasses.Also,theabsenceofoneorbothdentures can seriouslyaffect the fit ofa facepiece.The

worker'sdiligenceinobservingthesefactorsshallbeevaluatedbyperiodiccheck.Toassure

properprotection,thefacepiecefitshallbecheckedbythewearereachtime he puts on the

respirator.Thismaybedonebyfollowingthemanufacturer'sfacepiecefittinginstructions.

(4) AirQuality. Compressed air, compressedoxygen, liquid air,and liquidoxygen usedforrespiration shall be of high purity. Oxygen shall meet the requirements of the United States

Pharmacopoeiaformedicalorbreathingoxygen.Breathingair shallmeetatleasttherequirementsof

thespecificationforGradeDbreathingairasdescribedinCompressedGasAssociationCommodity

SpecificationG-7.1-1966.Compressedoxygenshallnotbeusedinsupplied-airrespiratorsorin

opencircuitself-containedbreathingapparatusthathavepreviouslyusedcompressedair.Oxygen

mustneverbeusedwithairlinerespirators.

(a)Breathingairmaybesuppliedtorespiratorsfromcylindersoraircompressors.

1. Cylinders shall be tested and maintained as prescribed in the Shipping Container

SpecificationRegulationsoftheDepartmentofTransportation(49CFRPart178).

2. Thecompressorforsupplyingairshallbeequippedwithnecessarysafetyandstandbydevices.Abreathingair-typecompressorshallbeused.Compressorsshallbeconstructed

andsituatedsoastoavoidentryofcontaminatedairintothesystemandsuitablein-lineair

purifyingsorbent beds andfiltersinstalledtofurtherassurebreathingairquality. A receiver of

sufficientcapacitytoenabletherespiratorwearertoescape froma contaminated atmosphere

in eventofcompressorfailure,andalarmstoindicatecompressor failureandoverheating shall

be installed in the system. If an oil- lubricated compressor is used, it shall have a

high-temperatureor carbonmonoxidealarm,orboth.Ifonlyahigh-temperaturealarmisused,

theairfromthecompressorshallbefrequentlytestedforcarbonmonoxidetoinsurethatit

meetsthespecificationsin454CMR10.24(4).


30/274


10.24:continued

(b) Air line couplings shallbe incompatiblewithoutlets forothergassystems toprevent

inadvertentservicingofairlinerespiratorswithnonrespirablegasesoroxygen.

(c) BreathinggascontainersshallbemarkedinaccordancewithAmericanNationalStandardMethodofMarkingPortableCompressedGasContainersto IdentifytheMaterialContained,

Z48.1-1954;FederalSpecificationBB-A-1034a,June21,1968,Air,CompressedforBreathing

Purposes;orInterimFederalSpecificationGG-B-00675b,April27, 1965,BreathingApparatus,

Self-Contained.

10.25:SafetyHarnessLifelines,andLanyards

(1)Lifelines,safetyharnessandlanyardsshallbeusedonlyforemployeesafeguarding.Anylifeline,

safetyharnessorlanyardactuallysubjectedtoinservice loading,asdistinguishedfromstaticload

testing, shall be immediately removed from service and shall not be used again for employee

safeguarding.

(2) Lifelinesshallbesecuredabovethepointofoperationtoananchorageorstructuralmember

capableofsupportingaminimumdeadweightof5,400pounds.

Padding,wrappingorsimilarmeansshallbeprovidedtoprotecteverylifelinefromcontactwith

edgesorobjectswhichmaycutorseverelyabradeit.

(3) Lifelinesusedonrock-scalingoperations,orinareaswherethelifelinemaybesubjectedtocutting

orabrasion,shallbeaminimumoff-inchwirecoremanilarope.Forallotherlifelineapplications,

aminimumof-inchmanilaorequivalent,withaminimumbreakingstrengthof5,400pounds,shall

beused.

(4) Safetyharness lanyard shallbeaminimumof-inchnylon,orequivalent,witha maximumlength

toprovideforafallofnogreaterthansixfeet.Theropeshallhaveanominalbreakingstrengthof

5,400pounds.

(5) Allsafetyharnessandlanyardhardwareshallbedropforgedorpressedsteel,cadmiumplated

inaccordancewithtype,1,ClassBplatingspecifiedinFederalSpecificationQQ-P-416.Surface shall

besmoothandfreeofsharpedges.

(6)Allsafetyharnessandlanyardhardware,exceptrivets,shallbecapableofwithstandingatensileloadingof4,000poundswithoutcracking,breaking,ortakingapermanentdeformation.

(7) RequiredUse.Alifelineandsafetyharnessorlifenet,asappropriate,shallbeprovidedfor and

usedbyworkmenengagedinthefollowingoperations:

(a)Securingorshiftingthrustouts.

(b)Inspectionorworkingonoverheadmachines,supportingscaffoldsorotherhighriggings.

(c)Steeplypitchedroofs.

(d)Employeesexposedtothehazard offallingmorethan25'aboveland,ortemporaryor

permanentfloor.

(e) Employeesexposedtothehazardoffallingmorethan50'abovewater.(f)Workinginconfinedspace.

(g) Asdirectedbyhisemployerorhisemployer'sauthorizedagent.

10.26:SafetyNets

(1)Safetynetsshallbeprovidedwhenworkplacesaremorethan25'abovethegroundorwater

surface,orothersurfaceswheretheuseofladders,scaffolds,catchplatforms,temporaryfloors,safety

lines,orsafetyharnessisimpractical.

(2)Wheresafetynetprotectionisrequiredbythispart,operationsshallnotbeundertakenuntilthenetisinplaceandhasbeentested.


31/274


10.26:continued

(3) Nets shallextendeightfeetbeyondtheedgeoftheworksurfacewhereemployeesareexposed

andshallbeinstalledascloseundertheworksurfaceaspracticalbutinnocase more than25'below

suchworksurface. Nets shallbehungwithsufficientclearancetopreventuser'scontactwiththesurfacesorstructuresbelow. Suchclearancesshall bedetermined by impactload testing. Itis

intendedthatonlyonelevelofnetsberequiredforbridgeconstruction.

(4)Themeshsizeofnetsshallnotexceed6"x6".Allnewnetsshallmeetacceptedperformance

standards of17,500 foot-poundsminimum impact resistance asdeterminedandcertified bythe

manufacturers,andshallbearalabelofprooftests.Edgeropesshallprovideaminimumbreaking

strengthof5,000pounds.

(5)Forgedsteelsafetyhooksorshacklesshallbeusedtofastenthenettoitssupports.

(6) Connectionsbetweennetpanelsshalldevelopthefullstrengthofthenet.

(7)Eachlifenetshallbe inspectedbyadesignatedpersonbeforeeachinstallationandperiodically

thereafterwhileinuse.Nolifenetwhichshowsmildew,wear,damageordeteriorationmaterially

affectingthestrengthofanyportionshallbeinstalled.Defectivenetsshallberemovedfromthejobsite.

10.27:WorkingOverorNearWater

(1)Employeesworkingoverornearwater,wherethedangerofdrowningexists,shallbeprovided

withU.S.CoastGuard-approvedlifejacketorbuoyantworkvests.

(2) Priortoandaftereachuse,thebuoyantworkvestsorlifepreserversshallbeinspectedfordefects

whichwouldaltertheirstrengthorbuoyancy.Defectiveunitsshallnotbeused.

(3)Ringbuoyswithatleast90'oflineshallbeprovidedandreadilyavailableforemergencyrescue

operations.Distancebetweenringbuoysshallnotexceed200'.

(4)LifePreservers. Lifepreserversorbuoyantworkvestsofanapprovedtypeshallbeprovided

andusedbyallworkmenwhenthefollowingconditionsexist:

(a)Whenonstructuresorbuildingsextendingovertheadjoiningwaterofsufficientdepthtobe

adrowninghazard;exceptwhereproperbarriers,safetyharness,lifelinesorlifenetsareprovidedandused.

(b)Whenworkingaloneat night wheretherearepotentialdrowninghazardsregardlessofother

safeguardsprovided.

(5)RequiredBuoyancy. Lifepreserversandbuoyantworkvestsshallberemovedfromservicewhen

thebuoyancyratingdropsbelowtheapprovedlevel.

(6) LifeSavingBoats. Oneormorelifesavingboatsshallbeprovidedduringworkinghoursat

locationswheremenwillworkoveroradjacenttowatersthatexposethemtodrowninghazards.

(a)Lifesavingboatsshallbekeptafloatorreadyforinstantlaunching.(b)Lifesavingboatsshallbeusedonlyforemergenciesandlifesavingdrills.

(c)Lifesavingboatsshallbeequippedasfollows:

1.FourOars.

2.Oarlockssecurelyattachedtogunwalesortheoars.

3. Oneball-pointedboathook.

4. One30"approvedringbuoywith50'ofd"ropeattached.

5. Onelifepreserverperperson.

(d) Inlocationswherethewatersareextremelyroughorswiftorwheremanuallyoperatedboats

are notpracticalapowerboatsuitableforthewatersinvolvedshallbeprovidedandequippedwith

equipmentnotedin454CMR10.27(6)(c)3.through5..


32/274


10.27:continued

PART4:FIREPROTECTIONANDPREVENTION

10.34:DefinitionsApplicableto454CMR10.35Through10.39

Approved. Forthepurposeof454CMR10.34 through10.39,equipmentthathasbeenlistedor

approvedbyanationally recognizedtestinglaboratory suchasFactoryMutualEngineeringCorp.,or

Underwriters'Laboratories,Inc.,orFederalagenciessuchasBureauofMines,orU.S.CoastGuard,

whichissueapprovalsforsuchequipment.

Closedcontainer.Acontainersosealedbymeansofalidorotherdevice that neither liquidnor vapor

willescapefromitatordinarytemperatures.

Combustibleliquids.Anyliquidhavingaflashpointatorabove140F(60C),andbelow200F

(93.4C).

Combustion.Anychemicalprocessthatinvolvesoxidationsufficienttoproducelightorheat.

Firebrigade. Anorganizedgroupofemployeesthatareknowledgeable,trained,andskilledinthesafe

evacuationofemployeesduringemergencysituationsandinassistinginfirefightingoperations.

Fireresistance. Soresistanttofirethat,forspecifiedtimeandunderconditionsofastandardheat

intensity,itwillnotfailstructurallyandwillnotpermitthesideaway from thefiretobecomehotterthan

aspecifiedtemperature.Forpurposesof454CMR10.34 through10.39,fireresistanceshallbe

determinedbytheStandardMethodsofFireTestsofBuildingConstructionandMaterials,NFPA

251-1969.

Flammable. Capable of beingeasilyignited,burningintensely,orhavingarapidrateofflamespread.

Flammableliquids. Anyliquidhavingaflashpointbelow140F.andhavingavaporpressurenot

exceed40poundspersquareinch(absolute)at100F.

Flashpointoftheliquid. Thetemperatureatwhichitgivesoffvaporsufficienttoformanignitable

mixturewiththeairnearthesurfaceoftheliquidorwithinthevesselusedasdeterminedbyappropriate

testprocedureandapparatusasspecifiedbelow.(a)Theflashpointofliquidshavingaviscositylessthan45SayboltUniversalSecond(s) at100F.

(37.8C.)andaflashpointbelow175F.(79.4C.)shallbedeterminedinaccordancewiththe

StandardMethodofTestforFlashPointbytheTagClosedTester,ASTMD-56-69.

(b) Theflashpointofliquidshavingaviscosityof45SayboltUniversalSecond(s)ormoreat

175F.(79.4C.)orhighershallbedeterminedinaccordancewiththeStandardMethodofTest

forFlashPointbythePenskyMartensClosedTester,ASTMD-93-69.

Liquefiedpetroleumgases,LPGandLPGas.Include any materialwhich iscomposedpredominantly

ofanyofthefollowinghydrocarbons,ormixturesofthem,suchaspropane,propylene,butane(normal

butaneoriso-butane),andbutylenes.

Portabletank.Aclosedcontainerhavingaliquidcapacitymorethan60 U.S.gallons,andnotintended

forfixedinstallation.

Safety can. An approved closed container, of not more than five gallons capacity, having a

flash-arrestingscreen,spring-closedlidandspout coverandsodesignedthatitwillsafelyrelieve

internalpressurewhensubjectedtofireexposure.


33/274


10.34:continued

Vaporpressure.Thepressure,measuredinpoundspersquareinch(absolute),exertedbyavolatile

liquidas determinedbythe"StandardMethodofTestforVaporPressureofPetroleumProducts(Reid

Method)."(ASTMD-323-58).

10.35:FireProtection

(1)GeneralRequirements. Theemployershallberesponsibleforthedevelopmentofafireprotection

programtobefollowedthroughoutallphasesoftheconstructionanddemolitionwork,andheshall

provideforthefirefightingequipmentasspecifiedin454CMR10.34through10.39. Asfirehazards

occur,thereshallbenodelayinprovidingthenecessaryequipment.

(a)Accesstoallavailablefirefightingequipmentshallbemaintainedatalltimes.

(b)Allfirefightingequipment,providedbytheemployer,shallbeconspicuouslylocated.

(c)Allfirefightingequipmentshallbeperiodicallyinspectedandmaintainedinoperatingcondition.

Defectiveequipmentshallbeimmediatelyreplaced.

(d) Aswarrantedbytheproject,theemployershallprovideatrainedandequippedfirefighting

organization(FireBrigade)toassureadequateprotectiontolife.

(2) WaterSupply. Atemporaryorpermanentwatersupply,ofsufficientvolume,duration,and

pressure,requiredtoproperlyoperatethefire-fightingequipmentshallbemadeavailableassoonas

combustiblematerialsaccumulate.

Whereundergroundwatermainsaretobeprovided,theyshallbeinstalled,completed,andmade

availableforuseassoonaspracticable.

(3) PortableFirefightingEquipment.

(a) FireExtinguishersandSmallHoseLines. Afireextinguisher,ratednotless than2A,shallbe

providedforeach3,000squarefeetoftheprotectedbuildingarea,ormajorfractionthereof.

Traveldistancefromanypointoftheprotectedareatothenearestfireextinguishershallnotexceed

100'.

1. One55-gallonopendrumofwaterwith two firepailsmaybe substitutedfora fire

extinguisherhavinga2Arating.

2. A-inchdiametergarden-typehoseline,nottoexceed100'inlengthandequippedwith

anozzle,maybe substitutedfora2A-rated fireextinguisher, providing it iscapableof

dischargingaminimumoffivegallonsperminutewithaminimumhosestreamrangeof30'

horizontally.Thegarden-typehoselines shall be mounted onconventionalracksorreels.Thenumberandlocationofhoseracksorreelsshallbesuchthatatleastonehosestreamcanbe

appliedtoallpointsinthearea.

3. Oneormorefireextinguishers,ratednotlessthan2A,shallbeprovidedoneachfloor.

Inmultistorybuildings,atleastonefireextinguishershallbelocatedadjacenttostairway.

4.Extinguishersandwaterdrums,subjecttofreezing,shallbeprotectedfromfreezing.

5. A fireextinguisher, rated notlessthan10B,shallbeprovidedwithin50'ofwherevermore

thanfivegallonsofflammableorcombustibleliquidsorfivepoundsofflammablegasarebeing

usedonthejobsite.454CMR10.35 does notapplytotheintegralfueltanksofmotor

vehicles.

6. Carbontetrachlorideandothertoxicvaporizingliquidfireextinguishersareprohibited.7. Portablefireextinguishersshallbe inspectedperiodicallyandmaintainedinaccordance

withMaintenanceandUseofPortableFireExtinguishers,NFPANo.10-1984.

8.Fireextinguisherswhichhavebeenlistedorapprovedbyanationallyrecognizedtesting

laboratory,shallbeusedtomeettherequirementsof454CMR10.34through10.39.

9. TableTable10.35-1maybeusedasaguideforselectingtheappropriateportablefire

extinguishers.
http:///reader/full/CMR10.34http:///reader/full/through10.39http:///reader/full/CMR10.34http:///reader/full/through10.39


34/274


10.35:continued

TABLE10.35-1

FIREEXTINGUISHERSDATA


35/274


10.35:continued

(b) FireHoseandConnections. 100feet, orless,of 1inchhose,with anozzlecapableof

dischargingwaterat25gallonsor more per minute,may be substitutedforafireextinguisherratednot

morethan2Ainthedesignatedareaprovidedthatthehoselinecanreachallpointsinthearea.1. If fire hoseconnectionsarenotcompatiblewithlocalfirefightingequipment,thecontractor

shallprovideadapters,orequivalent,topermitconnections.

2. Duringdemolition involving combustible materials, charged hose lines, supplied by

hydrants,watertanktruckswithpumps,orequivalent,shallbemadeavailable.

(4)FixedFirefightingEquipment. SprinklerProtection.

(a) Ifthefacilitybeingconstructedincludestheinstallationofautomaticsprinklerprotection,the

installationshallcloselyfollowtheconstructionandbeplacedinserviceassoonasapplicablelaws

permitfollowingcompletionofeachstory.

Duringdemolitionoralterations,existingautomaticsprinklerinstallationsshallberetainedin

service as long as reasonable.Theoperationofsprinklercontrolvalvesshallbepermittedonly by

properlyauthorizedpersons.Modificationofsprinklersystemstopermitalterationsoradditional

demolitionshouldbeexpeditedsothattheautomaticprotectionmaybereturnedtoserviceas

quicklyaspossible.Sprinklercontrolvalvesshallbecheckeddailyatcloseofworktoascertain

thattheprotectionisinservice.

(b) Standpipes.Inallstructuresinwhichstandpipesarerequired,orwherestandpipesexistin

structuresbeingaltered,theyshallbebroughtupassoonasapplicablelawspermit,andshallbe

maintained asconstructionprogresses insuch amannerthat they arealways ready for fire

protectionuse.ThestandpipesshallbeprovidedwithSiamese firedepartmentconnectionsonthe

outsideofthestructure,atthestreetlevel,whichshallbeconspicuouslymarked.Thereshallbe

atleastonestandardhoseoutletateachfloor.

(5) FireAlarmDevices.Analarmsystem,e.g.,telephonesystem,siren,etc.,shallbe establishedby

theemployerwherebyemployeesonthesiteandthe localfire departmentcanbealertedforan

emergency.

Thealarmcodeandreportinginstructionsshallbeconspicuouslypostedatphonesandatemployee

entrances.

(6)FireCutoffs. Firewallsandexitstairways,requiredforthecompletedbuildings,shallbegiven

constructionpriority.Firedoors,withautomaticclosingdevices, shallbehungonopeningsassoon

aspracticable.Firecutoffs shall be retained inbuildingsundergoingalterationsor demolitionuntil operations

necessitatetheirremoval.


(1) IgnitionHazards. Electricalwiringandequipmentforlight,heat,orpowerpurposesshallbe

installedincompliancewiththerequirementsoftheNationalElectrical Code,NFPA 70-1987; ANSI

C2-1984(Rev.of1968),andtherequirementsofPart9.

(a) Internalcombustion enginepoweredequipmentshallbesolocatedthattheexhaustsarewell

away fromcombustiblematerials.Whentheexhaustsarepipedtooutsidethebuildingunderconstruction,a clearanceof at leastsixinches shall be maintainedbetween such pipingand

combustiblematerial.

(b)Smokingshallbeprohibitedatorinthevicinityofoperationswhichconstituteafirehazard,

andshallbeconspicuouslyposted:"NoSmokingorOpenFlame."

(c)Portablebatterypoweredlightingequipment,usedinconnectionwiththestorage,handling,

oruseofflammablegasesorliquids,shallbeofthetypeapprovedforthehazardouslocations.

(d) The nozzle ofair,inertgas,andsteamlinesorhoses,whenusedinthecleaningorventilation

oftanksandvesselsthatcontainhazardousconcentrationsof flammable gases or vapors,shallbe

bondedtothetankorvesselshell.Bondingdevicesshallnotbeattachedordetachedinhazardous

concentrationsofflammablegasesorvapors.


36/274


10.36:continued

(2)TemporaryBuildings. Notemporarybuildingshallbeerectedwhereitwilladverselyaffectany

meansofexit.

(a)Temporarybuildings,whenlocatedwithinanotherbuildingorstructure,shallbeofeithernoncombustibleconstructionorofcombustibleconstructionhavingafireresistanceofnotlessthan

onehour.

(b) Temporarybuildings,locatedotherthaninsideanotherbuildingandnotusedforthestorage,

handling,oruseofflammableorcombustibleliquids, flammablegases,explosives,orblasting

agents,orsimilarhazardousoccupancies,shallbelocatedatadistanceofnotlessthantenfeet

fromanotherbuildingorstructure.Groupsoftemporarybuildings,notexceeding2,000squarefeet

inaggregate,shall,forthepurposesof454CMR10.36(2),beconsideredasingletemporary

building.

(3)Open YardStorage. Combustiblematerials shallbepiledwithdueregardtothestabilityofpiles

andinnocasehigherthan20'.

(a) Drivewaysbetweenand aroundcombustiblestoragepilesshallbeatleast15'wideand

maintainedfreefromaccumulationofrubbish,equipment,or otherarticlesormaterials.Driveways

shallbesospacedthatamaximumgridsystemunitof50'by150'isproduced.

(b) Theentirestoragesiteshallbekeptfreefromaccumulationofunnecessary combustible

materials.Weedsandgrassshall be kept downandaregularprocedureprovidedfortheperiodic

cleanupoftheentirearea.

(c) Whenthere is adangerofanundergroundfire,thatlandshallnotbeusedforcombustibleor

flammablestorage.

(d) Methodofpilingshallbesolidwhereverpossibleandinorderlyandregularpiles . No

combustiblematerialshallbestoredoutdoorswithintenfeetofabuildingorstructure.

(e)Portablefireextinguishingequipment,suitableforthefirehazardinvolved,shallbeprovided

at convenient,conspic

hse regulation

Documents