Submitted By:

Samarth Gupta

18MBAIB14

International Human Resource ManagementPSMBAIBTC0203

International Centre for Cross Cultural Research & Human

Resource Management

INHUMAN

RESOURCE

A business philosophy & strategy adopted by companies who are recognised leaders in world class quality.

Fact based decision making. An integrated part of a management system.

Customer focused (Customer “critical-to-quality” factors) determine where we should focus our quality improvements.

Continuous improvement methodology used to improve business processes and products.

Utilisation of powerful statistical tools.Statistical measure of process capability.

Six Sigma can be described in a lot of ways……

Definition of Six Sigma‘Six Sigma is a goal for process

improvement that forces us to put our vision of quality in numerical terms (i.e

3.4 defect parts per million or 99.99966% “good”)’

A more practical definition is ‘Data driven problem solving’

Six Sigma

It is a Philosophy– Anything less than ideal is

an opportunity for improvement

– Defects costs money– Understanding processes

and improving them is the most efficient way to achieve lasting results

It is a Process– To achieve this level of

performance you need to:

Define, Measure, Analyse, Improve and Control

It is Statistics– 6 Sigma processes will

produce less than 3.4 defects per million opportunities

Sigma Level

Sigma Level (Process

Capability)

Defects per Million Opportunities

2 308,537

3 66,807

4 6,210

5 233

6 3.4

Six Sigma

= 99.9997%

Six-Sigma is an integrated quality

improvement framework, which aims at ensuring no more than 3.4 defects per million opportunities.

What it means to be @ Six Sigma

Is 99% (3.8s) good enough? 99.99966% Good – At 6s

20,000 lost mails per hour

7 lost mails per hour

Unsafe drinking water almost 15 minutes each day

One minute of unsafe drinking water every seven months

5,000 incorrect surgical operations per week

1.7 incorrect surgical operations per week

2 short or long landings at most major airports daily

One short or long landing at major airports every five years

200,000 wrong drug prescriptions each year

68 wrong drug prescriptions each year

Why Six Sigma?

Money

Customer Satisfaction

Growth

Quality

CompetitiveAdvantage

Employee Pride

Potential HR contributions in this area include:Building a competency model that will help identify candidates with the right mix of technical, team, and leadership skills and abilities.

Creating job descriptions that help candidates fully understand the position and expectations prior to signing on.

Developing a retention strategy that will help ensure Black Belts complete their rotation and the organization recoups its investment in training and development.

Selection and Retention in Six Sigma

HR professionals can help the project teams work together more effectively. Potential HR contributions in this area include:

Ensuring team leaders and members get training and/or

coaching in teamwork, conflict management, communications,

dealing with difficult team members, and other team

effectiveness skills.

Acting as a resource for Black Belts who encounter team-

related challenges they cannot surmount.

Project Team Effectiveness

Some of the skill sets and competencies that get developed along with the implementation of Six Sigma are as below:

Builds Team Building Competency

Creates a learning culture

Develops Coaching and Mentoring skills

Improves presentation and training skills

Improves Project Management skills

Encourages Statistical Thinking

Opportunity to set challenging targets

Why should HR encourage Six Sigma in the organization:

Creates cross functional awareness /

competency building

Motivation through awards and

recognition

Encourages sharing and learning between

strategic business units.

Some examples of projects a green belt or black belt from HR can work, with a focus of process improvement are as listed

below:

Recruitment and Induction Process

Performance Management Process

Knowledge Management

Human Resource Information System

Training and Development Process

Compensation Disbursement and Reimbursement

Process

Why should HR be involved in Six Sigma

Employee related administrative

transactional processes

Competency Development Process

Job Design and Analysis

Two components of Six Sigma

1. Process Power

2. People Power

Six Sigma projects follow two project methodologies inspired by Deming's Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle. These methodologies, composed of five phases each, bear the acronyms DMAIC and DMADV.

DMAIC is used for projects aimed at improving an existing business process.

DMADV is used for projects aimed at creating new product or process designs.

Methodologies

Six Sigma: Process

Design For Six Sigma (DFSS): DMADV

• 6 Sigma uses DMADV method for development of new products

• Define design goals that are consistent with customer demands and the enterprise strategy.

• Measure and identify Customers and Requirements (CTQs)

• Analyze to develop and design alternatives,

• Design details, optimize the design,

• Verify the design, set up pilot runs, implement the production process

DMAIC - Simplified

• Define– What is important?

• Measure– How are we doing?

• Analyze– What is wrong?

• Improve– Fix what’s wrong

• Control– Ensure gains are

maintained to guarantee performance

• A logical and structured approach to problem solving and process improvement

• An iterative process (continuous improvement)

• A quality tool with focus on change management

Two components of Six Sigma

1. Process Power

2. People Power

Master

Black Belt

Black Belts

Green Belts

Team Members / Yellow Belts

Ch

am

pio

ns

Mentor, trainer, and coach of Black Belts and others in the organization.

Leader of teams implementing the six sigma methodology on projects.

Delivers successful focused projects using the six sigma methodology and tools.

Participates on and supports the project teams, typically in the context of his or her existing responsibilities.

Six Sigma: People Power

MUMBAI DABBAWALAS REDEFINE SIX SIGMA THEORY

(Nutan Mumbai Tiffin Box Suppliers Association)

History : Started in 1880 Charitable trust : Registered in 1956 Avg. Literacy Rate : 8th Grade Schooling Total area coverage : 60 Kms Employee Strength : 5000 Number of Tiffin's : 2,00,000 Tiffin Boxes i.e 4,00,000 transactions every day. Time taken : 3 hrs

WHAT IS NMTBSA?

Error Rate : 1 in 16 million transactions•Six Sigma performance (99.999999)•Technological Backup : Nil.•Cost of service -Rs. 300/month ($ 6.00/month)•Standard price for all (Weight, Distance, Space)•Rs. 36 Cr. Turnover approx. [6000*12*5000=360000000 i.e Rs. 36 crore p.a.]•“No strike” record as each one a share holder •Earnings -5000 to 6000 p.m.•Diwali bonus: one month’s from customers.

WORKING OF NMTBSA

Zero % fuel Zero % investmentZero % modern technology Zero % Disputes99.9999% performance 100 % Customer Satisfaction

Initial Coding System used colored threads to mark 7 Islands

Then Utilized thrown away cotton waste from tailors

Now using color markers:

E :: Code for Dabbawala Street

at residential station

VLP :: Residential Station Ville Parle

3 :: Code for Destination station.

E.G :: Church gate

9 :: Code for Dabbawala at Destination.

Ex :: Express towers ( Building name)

12 :: Floor no. in the building.

CODING SYSTEM

JOURNEY OF DABBAWALA

Pick up Dabba from Residence/Caterer and

bring it to Andheri Station.

*Journey in Local Train* Unloading and Sorting

at Destination Station.

Delivery to respective customers.

Collection of Empty Dabba.

Sorting at Destinations station.

Returning Dabba to Residence/Caterer.

9:30 A.M- 10:30 A.M 10:34- 11:20 A.M 11:20- 12:30 P:M

1:15- 2:30 P.M

3:30- 4:40 P.M

12:30 - 1:00 P.M 2:48- 3:30P:M

In 1998, Forbes Global magazine conducted a quality assurance study on the Dabbawalas' operations

Gave Rating of 99.999999

Dabbawalas made one error in six million transactions.

Stood High along with MNC’s like Motorola, GE etc…

Dabbawalas got ISO 9001- 2000 for Excellence in service

SIX SIGMA CERTIFICATION

Documentaries made by : BBC ,UTV, MTV, ZEE TV, AAJ TAK, TV TODAY,

SAHARA SAMAY, STAR TV, CNBC TV 18, CNN, SONY TV, TV TOKYO, NDTV.

CASE STUDY made by : ICFAI Press Hyderabad & Bangalore Richard Ivey School of Business – Canada Also, Included in a subject in Graduate School of

Journalism University of California, Berkeley

Invitations from : CII for conference held in Bangalore, IIML, IIMA, CII

Cochin, CII Delhi, Dr. Reddy’s Lab Foundation Hyderabad, SCMHRD Pune, SCMHRD Nasik, Sadahana – Pune, Rotary Club – Bangalore, NIQR at Chennai

ACHIEVEMENTS

• World record in Best Time management.

• Name in “GUINESS BOOK of World Records”.

• Registered with Ripley's “ believe it or not”.

• Invited for marriage of Hon. Prince Charles of England on 9th April, 2005

• Documentary called “Dabbawalas, Mumbai's unique lunch service”

by two Dutch filmmakers in 1998.

ACHIEVEMENTS

LETTER FROM PRINCE CHARLES

www.sixsigmaranch.comwww.sixsigma.ua.eduwww.zdnet.com/six-sigmawww.wikipedia.com/sixsigma www.mydabbawalla.in

Reference Websites

Thank You