hpcprocessscrewcompressors

8/3/2019 HPCProcessScrewCompressors

1/12

(IIHowdenHowden ProcessCompressors


2/12

P rocess Gas ExpertiseProcess Rotary Screw Compression Business HistoryDu rin g th e 1 93 0's , J am e s Howd en & Co. wor ke d i n c o- op era ti on w ithP ro fe ss or L ys ho lm o fS ve ns ka R ot or Ma sk in er (S RM) Swed en a nd d ev el op edt he fi rs t e xp er im e nt al o il f re e s cr ew c omp re ss or i n 1 93 9 u sin g twi n r ota rymeshing s c rew pr inc ip l es . In1 94 4 t he f ir st s crew c omp re sso r f or p ro ce ssg as a pp lic atio ns w as d ev elo pe d b y H o wd en w hic h w as fo llo we d in 1 94 6 b yUS ta ki ng t he fi rst " Te ch no lo gy L ic en ce ". H owd en C ompr es so rs L im ite dwas es tabl ished to d ev el op t he s pe ci al is t t ec hn o lo gy . Deve lo pment c on ti nu eda nd i n 1 96 1 t he wo rl d's fi rs t o il i nj ec te d c on tr oll ed c ap ac it y c omp re ss or w a sd ev el op ed , p rimar il y f or R e fr ig er at io n a pp li ca ti on s. DU l in g t he f ol low in g f ou ry ea rs i t w a s f ur th er d ev el op ed a nd s uc ce ss fu ll y u se d o n it s f ir st p ro ce ss G a sAp pli ca ti on . D e ve lo pm e nt c on ti nu ed t hro ug h t he 1 96 0'S a nd i 97 0'S c re at in go ne o f t he la rg est ra ng es o f P ro ce ss R ota ry S cre w c om pre sso rs fo r O il a nd G asa nd P et ro ch em ic al m ar ke ts a s w e ll a s th e t ra di tio na l Ai r and Refr igerat ionm a rk et s. A s a c on se qu en ce o f th is t he m ar ke t o pp ort un iti es g reww ithr es ul ta nt b en ef it s t o o u r e xp er ie nc e.I n 1 99 1 a d ed ic ate d " Pr oc es s G a s D i vi si on " w a s s et up w it hin Howd enC ompr es so rs L im it ed c on ce nt ra tin g wh oll y o n d ev elo pi ng u ni qu e, c os te ff ec ti ve s ys tem s ol ut io ns a ro u nd t he r ot ar y s cr ew comp re ss or t ec hn ol og yf or t he G l ob al "Pr oc es s Ma rk et s" .

In Ju ly 1 99 8 th e d iv isio n w as m ad e a n a uto no mo us " Div isio n" o f Ja me sH ow de n a nd C eil.L im ite d, w ith in th e H ow de n G ro up , a nd re name d H ow de nP ro ce ss C omp re ss or s. T hi s p l ac es th e b us in es s i n a n id ea l p os it io n to offero ur p ro ven t ec hn ol og ic al e xp er ie nc e, q ua li ty a nd cos t e ff ec ti ve c omp re ss io ns ol ut io ns d es ig ned a ro un d Ro ta ry S cr ew Compr es so rs .

Sales & ProjectsWo rl dw id e s al es c ov era ge i s a ch ie ve d v ia a n i nt er na tio na l n etwo rko f t ec hn ic al ly q ua li fie d r eg io na l m a na ge rs i n B u ro pe , USAa nd A si a,s up po rte d b y l o ca l a ge nt s, T hi s i s s up pl em en te d b y Howd enGr ou p 's c omp re hens iv e n etwor k o f r eg io n al f ac il it ie s.A t ho ro ug h re vi ew o f p ro ce ss r eq ui rem en ts b y q u al ifi ed p ro je cta nd a pp li ca ti on s p er so nn el, e ns ur es th e mo st c ost -e ff ec tiv e a ndene rg y e ff ic ie nt d es ig n p ro po sa l i s s ubm it te d to t he c us tomer , wh et he rfo r a c om pre sso r p ac ka ge o r a fu ll p ro ce ss c om pre ssio n m od ule .

application . Courtesy ofCheveron UK.

How d en P ro ce ss Compressor's totalc omm itm en t t o q u al jt y c o ve rs all a sp ec ts o fdesign. manufactu ring. t e st ing ondseMcing .

Ou r quality systems h av e b ee nasses sed l app roved by a t h ir d p ar ty t oISO 9001 t 1994. ensuring consistentquality throughout.1I "'pects of thecompany's cperanons.

, . .. .. . . """""- . . QooJtp"""""""~ All mac hi ne s b ea r t he E u ro p e a nStandam'sCEo ma rk (whe n s up p li ed w it hi n theEuropean Communi ty ) .

/f....,..."_n....,.._.....Ilhorl.!I;,,.r/-.l.


3/12

Top photograph shows: a two stage tandem oil fr ee packagefor Butadiene extraction, in China.Bottom photograph and opposi te shows: Howden LPcompressoron hydrocarbon service on BPAmoco Schiehall ion FPSO.(Photograph courresy of Bp Arnoco)


4/12

Pressure I Volumet> O 30'" 25I 20-

. ., 1510

: 5S

10 20 30 40 50 60 70Suction Volume am3/hxl000

Oil free compressor horizontal sectionPressure/Volume graph

4

Typical applications Unique features and benefits of oil free design Refineries Completely oil free delivery of gas

Suitable for a wide range of processesGas Gathering Petrochemical Plants Flexi blity of discharge orientation

compactness of module design. Chemical Plants Synthetic Fertiliser Plants Top-in, Top-out arrangement providesoptimum compactness of module design Synthetic Rubber Plants Top-in, bottom-out arrangement permits handling

of high liquid and particulate entrainmentMechanical VapourRecompression (MVRJ

Offshore Platforms

VCM recycle gas compressor with hazardousarea control panel for petrochemical indus try

Gas HandlingTypical gases handled by the Howden range o f o il freecompressors include, but are no t limited to, t he f o ll ow ing : Acetylene Ammonia Blast Furnace Gas B u ta di en e Carbon DioxideButane Carbon Monoxide Chlorine Coke Oven Gas Cracked Gas Ethane Ethylene Flare Gas Hydrogen Lime Kiln (Soda Ash) Gas Sour Hydrocarbons Natural Gas Nitrogen Propylene Propane Styrene Vent Gas Sour Gas V isbreaker Off GasSteam Tail Gas Town Gas V a po ur R ec ov ery

VCM Strip Gas


5/12

Single s tage API 619 process screwcompressor on polymeri sing gasservice incorporating: Liquidinjection, condition monitoringand bottom discharge for arduouspetrochemical application,

5


6/12

Unique features and benefits of oil injected design Stepless capacity control with power savings Capacity and energy absorbed match system demand Variable Volume Ratio available Maximises energy efficiency Can take side stream above suction pressure Reduced th rough life costs

Gas handlingTypical gases handled by the Howden range of oil injectedscrews compressors include:Process Gases

Ammonia Methane Butane Natural Gas Coke Oven Gas Nitrogen Flare Gas Fuel Gas Propane Helium Propylene Refrigerant Gases Hydrocarbon mixtures Sour Cas Hydrogen TOWIl Gas

Pressure / Volume10090807060 ~} 5040302010

5 10 15 20 25Suction Volume am3/hx1 000

Oil injected compressor vertical section


7/12

Final inspection prior to shipment

7


8/12

T i lt i" l1 gp ad t hr us t b e ar in g s 0 1 1an o il i nj ec ted compr es so r (Cou rt es y o f Howden Compr es so rs L t d) .

Seal arrangement optionsVarious seal configurations can be offered according to the gas being handled, giving securegas tight operation.On oil free compressors, options of simple restrictor r ings, labyrinth seals, water seals,mechanical seals and combinations of these are available to suit the application.Each arrangement can be supplied with inert or process gas buffering as appropriate.Oil injected compressors are fit ted with a single balanced mechanical seal (Wetted Type) asstandard. For some applications an additional outboard secondary containment seal (DryRunning Type) or a tandem balanced mechanical seal arrangement (with API seal plan andpressurised seal system to meet specific conditions) can be offered,

Bearing optionsOil free units have sleeve journal and til ting pad thrust bearings.Oil injected compressors have sleeve iournal bearings and may either have ti lt ing pador angular contact anti-friction thrust bearings.

Bearings can be copper free where necessary e.g. on ammonia service.

Rotor optionsOil free and oil injected compressors are available in a wide range of rotor lengthsand diameters for optimal selection. Asymmetric profiles and different combinationsof maleifemale rotor Iobe/flure numbers result in high efficiency.


9/12

Brief comparison between screw,reciprocating and centrifugal compressor types

The s cr ew c omp re ss or c an d emo ns tr ate e qu iv al en t p er fo rm a nc e i n theseareas to a c en tr if ug al c omp re ss or a nd i s u s ed in c rit ic al a pp li ca tio ns u ns pa re d,T he r ec ip ro ca ti ng c omp re ss or , w it h m a ny mov in g parts, s u ff e rs an inhe r en t lyg rea te r down time , spates u sa ge a nd t hr ou gh life costs.

T he se c an b e h an dle d w ith ou t p ro ble m w ith a rotary screw compressor.A t cent ri fugal un it will r eq ui re mu lt ip le s ta ge s.

T he sc re w c om pre sso r, b ein g a positive displacement compressor, iSUl\IIffected D rchanges in gas J tlo lecul ;l r we igh t. Such va ri a tion' S may c au se u ns ta bl e o pe ra ti on ina c en tr if ug al c omp re ss or , wh ic h i s e xt remel y s en si ti ve to c ha ng es in g as d en si ty .

T he r ota ry s cr ew compressor d oe s n o t r eq u ir e s uc ti on /d is ch a rg e v al ve s wh ic ha re h ig h m a in te na nc e i tems in a r ec ip ro ca ti ng c omp re ss or .

T he o il i nje ct ed c omp re ss or is n orma ll y d ir ec t c ou pl ed Ii O it electricmoto r d riv er a t tw o o r fo ur p ole sp ee d, th us o bv ia tin g th e n ee d fo ra speed incr eas ing -gearbox .

Pacrory string test using c l ien t' s PUCcen tr a lcontrol system. [DISCOS)Unlike a reciprocating oornpressor, th e sCJCW c omp re ss or d oe s n ot g en er at e out

o f' ba lance to r~es , thus s ign if icant ly r educ ing foundaucn. requi remenr s. AP16~41ubesystem

As th e scr ew compr es so r i s . (I o si ti v ed is p lacemen t I le s ign , f low is directlyp ro po rti on al t o s pe ed . T he o il f re e s cr ew c omp re ss or m a y, t he re fo re , b ec on tro lle d b ym e an s o fa b yp ass o r sp ee d c oa tre l, S pe ed c on tro l c an b eu se d t o v ary t hr ou gh pu t a t c on st an t s uc ti on a nd d is ch ar ge p re ss ur es .T he o il i nje ct ed s cr ew c ompr es so r, w ith its integral s li de v al ve . g iv es v ar ia ti on i nthroughput between IOO\>h - 10%, with prcportional savings iaabsorbed power,allowing it t o c los e ly fQUo .wchang ing p rocess condition.as the eentri fagalc om pre sso r d ep en ds o n ro ta tio na l sp ee d to generate h ea d, a re du ctio n inc ap a ci ty b y s pe ed r eg ul at io n w i ll r ed uc e d is ch ar ge p re ss ur e.

Due. to it s r ot ary o pe ra ti on , t he s cr ew c omp re ss or g iv es p uls at io n f re e d e[ iv ct: y.

'Ihe o il fr ee s cr ew c omp re ss or 'e an h an dle li qu id in t he g as s tr eam w it ho ut damage.In s om e c as es l iq uid i nj ec ti on i s n ee de d fo r p ro ce ss r ea so ns . F or b ut ad ie nec omp re ss io n, w a te r o r a s olv en t is i nje ct ed t p c on tr ol d is eh ar gc t em p era tu re top re ve nt p ol ym er is ati on . F re e li qu id t o th e su cti on o f a r ec ip ro ca ti ng c omp re ss ormay c au se c at as tr op hi c f ai lu re .

9


10/12

IJII ., e ic. e s s e II.'1"11',1;1U~U , t _ "

:l ~ :I ~ : :I : :l:;. - !l ! ! ! ~ ! : ! e

. .EI,ectrical & InstrumentationPull consideration isgiven to all safety requirements including explosion proofing, purgingand.or intrinsically safe circuitry, to suit the applicable area classification.Sets are fully protected with instrumentation for pressure, temperature, oil level , f low orvibration as appropriate. Control can be Localor in a safe area. Local and remote area panelscan be provided, either relay or PLC based.

Condition monitoringHowden use leading condition monitoring systems to provide continuous informationon the important parameters of the complete drive train during operation.

The screw compressor is a robust stiff shaft machine, and can be inexpensively monitoredfor vibration by mcaus of "X" and "'! '' ' casing mounted accelerometers and "Z" axial proximityprobes. On some compressor frames "X" and "Y" shaft: proximity probes are available.Temperature monitoring of journal and tilting pad thrust bearings can be offered.

Lubrication systemOil supply systems are provided to meet customer specification and site conditions. These arecommonly required to supply combined lubrication and seal oil to the compressor moduleand may be integral with the module or as a separate console arrangement.Aswell as meeting any customer specifications the oil supply system is normally designedto API 614. Exacting international standards are adhered to in the selection of pumps,coolers, f il ters and valvesas well as in the choice of component materials.

Noise treatmentOil free compressor packages are fully equipped with absorption silencers. on suction,discharge and an y blow-off lines. Customer requirements relating to noise specificationsare used as a basis for design of any supplementary noise treatmenteuclosures, Whereexceptionally low noise levels are required, due to special environmental conditions, acousticenclosures are available. These enclosures may be supplied with fire Igas detection devicesand fire suppression systems.

SafetyIn all Howden designs great care is taken to ensure the safety of the operators, the intcgityof the package and the prevention of harmful emissions to the environment Full Hazopstudies can be implemented as appropriate.


11/12

. . . - .

A cqmprehensive worldwide after-sales serviceis ffered b the Customer Support Division.\ t e o m offield se ice specialists is available toassist with instal lat ion, commissioning. on-siteinsp'cctio Jnd re irs. In-house and on-sit

I T . . . . ,.

Plant modification back-up is availableas re~uired to suit the revised operating

including total plant removaland re-installation to an alternative location.To minimise down-time on-site. spares supportnd service engineers have 2. hour availabili!y'


12/12

hpcprocessscrewcompressors

Documents