3/5/2014, Slide 1

“How Two Rural Utilities are Creating a

Foundation for an Intelligent and Practical Distribution Network”

Tisha AlfsonOperations Services SupervisorCuming County Public Power DistrictWest Point, NE

Tom PolkChief Operating Officer

Power Delivery Services, Inc. Omaha, NE

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In 2009, two utilities teamed up to receive a Smart Grid

Investment Grant (SGIG) from the Department of Energy.

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“Eastern Nebraska Public Power District Consortium”

Combined:

32 employees

20 distribution substations

~6,700 connected meters

~2,300 miles of electrical lines

Primary industries are livestock production and grain

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GOAL

Deploy a shared communications network and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)

and Distribution Automation (DA) system for substation and

downline automation.

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RESULT

State-of-the-art Wimax and microwave communications

network and SCADA/DA system.

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1. The importance of starting with a good plan

2. The importance of assembling the right team

3. The importance of choosing the right partners

4. The importance of choosing the right technology

5. The importance of defining how to use the technology

6. Conclusion

PRESENTATION OUTLINE

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START WITH A GOOD PLAN

Organizational Assessment

Technology Roadmap

Substation “Readiness”

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Organizational Assessment

ASSESSMENT CATEGORIES

SafetyReliability

Financial PerformanceService

LeadershipCore Business Processes

Technology

KEY FINDING

Create a culture to support automation and IT-based technologies

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Organizational Assessment

RESULTS

IT Department

Technical Services Department

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Technology RoadmapStrategic 10-year Plan

Current technologies

Future technologies+

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Technology RoadmapRESULTS

CommunicationsSCADADAAdvanced Analytics

Grant dollars combined and

accelerated deployment to half the time.

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Substation ReadinessGround gridTransient protection

-High and low voltage arrestorsService panelsLightning shielding

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ASSEMBLE THE RIGHT TEAM

Combination of skills needed through all stages of the project

Clearly defined roles

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Project Org

Chart

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Cyber Security

Team

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CHOOSE THE RIGHT PARTNERS

Each partner and product best fit for long-term core changes being made

3 stages of procurement

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Stage I: Reclosers and Relays

5 vendors responding

3 vendors chosen for on-site demonstrations

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Stage II: Regulator Controls

Upgrades or retrofits

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Longest and most intensive stage

Unique approach

Stage IIICommunications and SCADA/DA

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Request for Information (RFI)-Sent to dozens of vendors-Mandatory “bidders’ conference”-Encouraged to pair up

First vendor reply to RFI-Information only, no costs-13 responses received

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13 replies reduced to 4 pairings-One communication, one SCADA-Designate “prime contractor”-2nd RFI, joint with no costs-On-site presentation by each team

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This approach……

Fostered collaboration

Provided insight on teamwork

Identified willing “prime” vendors

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4 pairings reduced to 7 vendors-Request for Proposal (RFP)-Costs included-Extensive review process-

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CHOOSE THE RIGHT TECHNOLOGY

Recloser and Relays

Regulator Controls

Communications

SCADA/DA

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Reclosers and Relays

GridShield with RER620 relay

Gridshield RecloserRER620 Relay

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Substation

Downline

Standard protocols

IEC 61850

Web Interface

Reclosers and Relays

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RER620 Web Interface

Bypasses SCADA

Settings

Disturbance Records

Events Logs

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Regulator Controls

CL-6B

Equipped with TCP/IP

Communications Card

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Communications

Inside each substation

Connecting all substations and downline devices to each office

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Communications In Subs

Fiber, copper, & Power-Over-Ethernet in substations

Dependant on options available on each piece of equipment

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Communications Outside Subs

Wimax, 3.65 GHz-Substations/downline to towers

Microwave, 11 and 23 GHz-Redundant ring to offices

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Communications

RuggedMax Network Management Software

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Putting it All Together

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SCADA/DA

ABB’s MicroSCADA Pro

Hot-standby server architecture

Substation and downline devices

COM600 communication gateway

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DEFINE HOW TO USE THE TECHNOLOGY

GOAL

Improve system efficiency and power quality, all to the benefit

of the customer.

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SCADA/DA

Supervision-Monitor Real-time status

Control-Perform remote actions

Data-Measure in real-time and historical

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Substation Overview Screen

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Substation One-line Diagram

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Alarm Screen

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Event Display

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RER620 Screen

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kW/kWh Graph by Circuit

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Planning studies and work plans by outside engineering firm

Historically assigned loading based on connected kVA

SCADA provides actual loads per substation, circuit, phase

Data Analysis

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Operational Improvements

Phase Balance

Power Factor (PF)

System Losses

Power Quality

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Phase Balancing

Balanced Load

All 3 pipes fill the bucket 50%

faster

Or

With 3 pipes 70% full, the

bucket will fill as fast as first example

Pipes Balanced

Full Pipe

½ Full Pipe

½ Full Pipe

Pipes Unbalanced

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Phase Imbalance

Unbalanced Circuits-Higher losses-Greater voltage drop-Increase voltage imbalance-Reduced motor life of equipment

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Power Factor CorrectionVARs – What are they? The Beer Analogy

Suppose that you want to quench your thirst with a cold beer. This beer is the Active Power (W).

Together with your beer it comes a bit of foam which does not quench your thirst. This foam is the Reactive Power (VAR).

The total content of the glass is the Apparent Power (kVA).

The more foam you have (the higher the percentage of kVAR), the lower your ratio of kW (beer) to kVA (beer plus foam). Thus, the lower your power factor.

Power Factor is kW ÷ kVA.

kVAR

kW

kVA

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Power Factor Correction

PF less than unity means the network is not operating efficiently, i.e. higher line lossMove PF as close to unity as possibleAdd capacitors to supply reactive power

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Simulation

Circuit Configuration/Topography Load ValuesCircuitLength:

10 miles Three-Phase Peak: 1200 kW

Conductor: 2 miles, 4/0 ACSR Phase A 600 kW3 miles, 2/0 ACSR Phase B 350 kW3 miles, 1/0 ACSR Phase C 250 kW2 miles, #4 copper Power Factor: 88%

Load Factor: 60%

Line Losses 288,594 kWh per year

Voltage drop (no regulation)

250-600 volts at end of line

Phase Imbalance/Voltage Imbalance

3.8-5.4% at end of line

Typical Circuit at CCPPD - Base

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Three Scenarios

I. Base with PF correction to unity and no phase balancing

II. Base with phase balancing and no PF correction

III. Base with PF correction and phase balancing

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Simulation Results

Base

Scenario I Scenario II Scenario III“Typical” Circuit PF Correction

only

Phase Balancing

only

PF Correction and Phase Balancing

Line Losses (kWh)

288,594 224,290 253,055 196,275

Voltage drop (no regulation)

250-600 volts EOL

228-537 volts EOL

407 volts EOL

358 volts EOL

Phase Imbalance/Voltage Imbalance end-of-line

3.8-5.4% 3.3-4.6% 0.0% 0.0%

kW 32.94 25.60 28.89 22.41

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Financial Impact

$$$$ add up as circuits are improvedBase Scenario III x $/kWh

Energy 288,594 - 196,275 x .05 = $4,615.95

Demand 32.94 - 22.41 x $100 = $1,053.00

Percircuit

$5,668.85

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Simulation Summary

PF correction of unbalanced phases can have negative consequences Phase balancing provides 1/3 of total potential improvementMaximize improvements with phase balancing and PF correction

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GOOD PLANRIGHT TEAM

RIGHT PARTNERS

RIGHT TECHNOLOGY

TECHNOLOGY USE

CONCLUSION

3/5/2014, Slide 61

Thank you for your attention. Questions?

A white paper is available

upon request.