how to meet 2017/2020 energy regulations · how to meet 2017/2020 energy regulations u.s....

How to Meet 2017/2020 Energy

RegulationsU.S. Commercial Foodservice

E360 Annual Conference • Atlanta, Ga. • April 11 and 12

Ani JayanthDirector, Product Marketing

Emerson

This presentation is intended to highlight changing developments in the law and industry topics. The law is frequently evolving and information and publications in this presentation may not reflect the latest changes in the law or legal interpretations. The statements and information provided in this presentation should not be construed as legal advice or legal opinion regarding any specific facts or circumstances, but is intended for general informational purposes only. The views and statements expressed during this presentation are the personal opinions of the presenter and do not those of Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. or its affiliated companies. You should consult an attorney about your situation and specific facts and you should not act on any of the information in this presentation as the information may not be applicable to your situation. Although all statements and information contained herein are believed to be accurate and reliable, they are presented without warranty of any kind. Information provided herein does not relieve the user from the responsibility of carrying out its own tests and experiments. Statements or suggestions concerning the use of materials and processes are made without representation or warranty that any such use is free of patent infringement and are not recommendations to infringe on any patents. This presentation may not be copied or redistributed without the express written consent of Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc.

Disclaimer

Status of U.S. Refrigeration Energy Regulations

Product Class Current NOPR Final Effective Energy Level Reduction

U.S

. D

ep

art

me

nt o

f E

ne

rgy

Closed-Doors

Reach-Ins

(Self-Contained)

2010 Oct. 2013 March 2014*March 2017

(FINAL)

kWh/Day

30%–50%

Ice Makers 2010NODA

Sept. 2014Jan. 2015

Jan. 2018

(FINAL)

kWh/100 lbs

5%–15%

Display Cases,

Including Remote2012 Oct. 2013 March 2014*

March 2017

(FINAL)

kWh/Day

30%–50%

Walk-In

(Foodservice)2009 Sept. 2013

Jan. 2016**

No change MT;

No change panels

and doors;

LT and multiplex out

of cmte.

Jan. 2020

(all enforced)

AWEF

MT 20%–40%;

LT and Multiplex 20–30%

(ASRAC Cmte. Proposal)

* Lawsuit filed by industry in 7th Circuit Court; Petition denied, final rule stays

** Lawsuit filed by industry in 5th Circuit Court; settlement reached July 2015 to refer to ASRAC Cmte., with cmte. to make proposal in

January 2016, which they met. Awaiting DOE and Court final approvals.

Compliance Effective Dates Are Nearing.3

EPA’s Final Rule, July 20, 2015, and September 26, 2016Changed listing status of certain HFCs*

*Abbreviated – For complete listing, see EPA Final Rule; go to: https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2015-07-20/pdf/2015-17066.pdf

See proposed rule; go to: https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2016-04-18/pdf/2016-08163.pdf

Final Rule: July 20, 2015 Final Rule: September 26, 2016

Phase-out

refrigerant

Super-

market

(New**)

Super-

market

(Retrofit***)

Remote

condensing

unit

(New)

Remote

condensing

unit

(Retrofit***)

Stand-Alone Refrigerated

food processing

and dispensing

equipment

(New)

Cold storage

warehouses

(New)

Ice

machines

(New)

Very low-

temp

refrigeration

(New)

MT < 2,200 BTU/hr.

and not contain

flooded evap.

(New)

MT ≥ 2,200 BTU/hr.

with or without

flooded evap.

(New)

LT

(New)

LT and MT

(Retrofit***)

R-404A/507A Jan. 1, 2017 July 20, 2016 Jan. 1, 2018 July 20, 2016 Jan. 1, 2019 Jan. 1, 2020 Jan. 1, 2020 July 20, 2016 Jan. 1, 2021 ^Jan. 1, 2023 OK OK

R-410A OK - OK - Jan. 1, 2019 Jan. 1, 2020 Jan. 1, 2020 - Jan. 1, 2021 ^Jan. 1, 2023 OK OK

R-407A/C/F OK OK OK OK Jan. 1, 2019 Jan. 1, 2020 Jan. 1, 2020 OK ^Jan. 1, 2021

R-407C/F OK

R-407A:

^Jan. 1, 2023

OK R-407C only

HFC-134a OK OK OK OK Jan. 1, 2019 Jan. 1, 2020 OK OK OK OK OK -

Likely alternatives

(Emerson perspective)

R-448A/449A OK OK OK OKNeither SNAP-

approved, nor banned

Neither SNAP-

approved, nor bannedOK

OK for

LT only- - OK -

R-450A/513A OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK -

R-290 - - - - OK OK OK - - - OK OK

R-744 OK - OK - OK OK OK - OK OK - OK

R-717OK

(in primary loop of

secondary system)

-OK

(In primary loop of

secondary system)

-OK

(in primary loop of

secondary system)

OK(in primary loop of

secondary system)


secondary system)


secondary system)


secondary system)

OK OK -

** Includes ice machines connected to a supermarket rack refrigeration system.*** EPA uses term “retrofit” to indicate the use of a refrigerant in an appliance that was designed for and originally operated using a different refrigerant.

Term does not apply to upgrades to existing equipment where the refrigerant is not changed.

4

https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2015-07-20/pdf/2015-17066.pdf

https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2016-04-18/pdf/2016-08163.pdf

Compliance Will Not Be Easy

Opportunity to Comply With One Design Cycle Change

EPA Refrig.

DOE Energy

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Supermarket (Rack)

Walk-In (Remote CDU)

Cooler

Freezer

Reach-In (Stand-Alone)

Cooler <2,200 BTU

>2,200 BTU

Freezer

Ice Machine

Dispensing

<2,500 GWP

<2,500 GWP

20–40%

<600 GWP

<600 GWP

<1,500 GWP

30–50%

5–15%

1/1/17

1/1/18

3/27/17

1/1/18

R-290 Approved

1/1/20

1/1/19

1/1/20

20–30%

Awaiting Final

ASRAC

<1,500 GWP

EnergyEnvironment

Economics

Equipment

5

Yes52%

Not yet44%

OEM Preparedness to Meet Compliance Dates

Level of Preparedness: Level of Preparedness:

Equipment Passes DOE Regulations:Equipment Passes EPA Regulations:

EPA Plan in Place DOE Plan in Place

Very prepared Somewhat prepared Only slightly prepared Not at all prepared

(mean)

48%(mean)74%

Yes57%

Not yet36%

Over Half Have a Plan in Place and Are Prepared to Meet Compliance Dates. This Leaves Quite a Few Companies Not Ready for the Change.

6

13% 52% 15% 17% 15% 45% 19% 17%

OEM-Specific Preparations for Meeting DOE Regulations

We’re lab testing as a way to

prepare.

We’re seeking guidance on how to

be better prepared.

We have a product road map.

We’re communicating our plans to

customers.

Other

62%

49%

43%

32%

13%

End use customers

Aftermarket/wholesalers/

distributors

Contractors

Other

87%

47%

20%

13%DOE preparations

Communicating plan to … (among those communicating plans to customers)

Seeking guidance from … (among those seeking guidance to prepare)

Component manufacturers

Consultants

End use customers

Other

87%

35%

22%

9%

While 62% Are Lab Testing to Prepare for DOE Regulations, the Remaining Two in Five Are Not.

Many customers are still seeking guidance on becoming better prepared.

7

Agreement With Statements Related to Regulatory Changes

Top-2 Box

I expect some components will change.

I expect some of our products to

become obsolete.

I expect component costs to increase.

89%

63%

73%

5 = Completely

Agree4 3 2

1 = Completely

Disagree

77%

53%

51%

12%

10%

22%

10%

14%

20%

2%

10%

4%

14%

4%

The Majority Expect Components Will Change Based on the Regulations. This, in Turn, Will Impact Cost Negatively.

Top-2 Box

8

DOE Equipment Regulations Survey

9

Source: Department of Energy

• Effective January 2020 on new equipment

• WICF measured in three major components

• AWEF measured using AHRI-1250 testing standard

–Each equipment class assigned equation

–Variable: Q = system capacity

• Effective March 2017 on new equipment

• CRE measured in kWh/24-hour day

–Each equipment class assigned

equation

–Variable: Total Display Area (TDA)

or volume

Industry Reach-In Solid Door Refrigerator Energy Draw

• Effective January 2018 on new equipment

• ACIM measured in kWh/100lbs ice

– Each equipment class assigned

equation

– Variable: H = harvest rate in lbs per

24 hours

Commercial refrigeration

equipment

Walk-in coolers and

freezers (WICF)Automatic commercial

ice makers

From 20% to 50% energy reduction required for systems, depending on class 5% to 25% energy reduction required


Commercial Refrigeration Equipment Equipment Classes

Low- or Medium-Temperature

Vertical, Semi-Vertical, Horizontal, or Service Over Counter

Self-Contained or Remote Condensing

With or Without Solid/Transparent Doors

Commercial Refrigerator and Freezer

Equip

ment

Aff

ecte

d

33+ Classes of Equipment

20+ Sizes/Eqp. Class

Buffet Tables, Salad Bars, Prep Tables Not Affected Depending

Upon Refrigeration Construction

10

Buffet Tables, Salad Bar, Prep Table Beyond

Scope of Energy Mandates


11

CRE Prep and Buffet Table Architectures and Compliance Note


Top Rail Bottom Storage Certification Required Criteria

Power Supply No Power Supplied or From Common Supply With Top See Refrigeration Requirements Single Energy Source

Power Supply Power Supply Yes Dual Energy Source With Single Source Requirement

Top Rail Bottom StorageCertification

RequiredCriteria

Refrigerated: Cold Wall

or Forced Air

Dry –

Non-RefrigeratedNo

Regular Buffet/Prep Construction –

No Classification


or Forced Air With Heat

Being Rejected Directly

Into Lower Section

Refrigerated: Air In Lower

Section Coming in Direct

Contact With Top Rail and

Single Condensing Unit

No

Heat From Upper Rail Is Being Absorbed Directly Into

Lower Section Refrigeration System With Single

Energy Source and Single Refrigeration System


or Forced Air With No

Direct Contact With

Lower Section

Refrigerated: Cold Wall or

Forced Air With No Direct

Contact With Rail Section

and Single Condensing Unit

Yes

Heat From Upper Rail Is Not Being Absorbed Directly

Into Lower Section Refrigeration System With Single

Energy Source and Single Refrigeration System


or Forced Air With Its

Own Condensing Unit

Refrigerated: Cold Wall or

Forced Air With Its Own

Condensing Unit

YesDual Refrigeration System With Single Refrigeration

System Requirement, Single or Dual Energy Source Ca

n B

e T

este

d

w/D

OE

T

est P

roce

du

re

Can

’t B

e

Te

ste

d w

/DO

E

Te

st P

roce

du

re

There Are No Exemptions From the Energy Standard for Commercial Refrigeration Equipment.

However, There Are Some Equipment Types That Do Not Have a Test Procedure and Therefore Do Not Have to be Certified at This Time.

12

CRE Equipment DOE Analysis and Equations


• X-axis: size of equipment ft3

• Y-axis: energy draw kWh/day

• Equation format: Y = m(x) + b

• kWh = m(ft3) + b

• 33 classes of equipment

• Remote condensing and self-contained open cases will not require major efficiency improvement challenges

• Self-contained vertical reach-ins will require significant efficiency improvement changes

2010 2012 2017 2010 2012 2017 % Delta 2010 2012 2017 % Delta

VOP.RC.M 0.82 x TDA + 4.07 0.64 x TDA + 4.07 4.07 4.07 0% 0.82 0.64 -22%

VOP.RC.L 2.27 x TDA + 6.85 2.2 x TDA + 6.85 6.85 6.85 0% 2.27 2.2 -3%

SVO.RC.M 0.83 x TDA + 3.18 0.66 x TDA + 3.18 3.18 3.18 0% 0.83 0.66 -20%

SVO.RC.L 2.27 x TDA + 6.85 2.2 x TDA + 6.85 6.85 6.85 0% 2.27 2.2 -3%

HZO.RC.M 0.35 x TDA + 2.88 0.35 x TDA + 2.88 2.88 2.88 0% 0.35 0.35 0%

HZO.RC.L 0.57 x TDA + 6.88 0.55 x TDA + 6.88 6.88 6.88 0% 0.57 0.55 -4%

VCT.RC.M 0.22 x TDA + 1.95 0.15 x TDA + 1.95 1.95 1.95 0% 0.22 0.15 -32%

VCT.RC.L 0.56 x TDA + 2.61 0.49 x TDA + 2.61 2.61 2.61 0% 0.56 0.49 -13%

HCT.RC.M 0.16 x TDA + 0.13 0.16 x TDA + 0.13 0.13 0.13 0% 0.16 0.16 0%

HCT.RC.L 0.34 x TDA + 0.26 0.34 x TDA + 0.26 0.26 0.26 0% 0.34 0.34 0%

VCS.RC.M 0.11 x V + 0.26 0.1 x V + 0.26 0.26 0.26 0% 0.11 0.1 -9%

VCS.RC.L 0.23 x V + 0.54 0.21 x V + 0.54 0.54 0.54 0% 0.23 0.21 -9%

HCS.RC.M 0.11 x V + 0.26 0.1 x V + 0.26 0.26 0.26 0% 0.11 0.1 -9%

HCS.RC.L 0.23 x V + 0.54 0.21 x V + 0.54 0.54 0.54 0% 0.23 0.21 -9%

SOC.RC.M 0.51 x TDA + 0.11 0.44 x TDA + 0.11 0.11 0.11 0% 0.51 0.44 -14%

SOC.RC.L 1.08 x TDA + 0.22 0.93 x TDA + 0.22 0.22 0.22 0% 1.08 0.93 -14%

VOP.SC.M 1.74 x TDA + 4.71 1.69 x TDA + 4.71 4.71 4.71 0% 1.74 1.69 -3%

VOP.SC.L 4.37 x TDA + 11.82 4.25 x TDA + 11.82 1.82 1.82 0% 4.37 4.25 -3%

SVO.SC.M 1.73 x TDA + 4.59 1.7 x TDA + 4.59 4.59 4.59 0% 1.73 1.7 -2%

SVO.SC.L 4.34 x TDA + 11.51 4.26 x TDA + 11.51 1.51 1.51 0% 4.34 4.26 -2%

HZO.SC.M 0.77 x TDA + 5.55 0.72 x TDA + 5.55 5.55 5.55 0% 0.77 0.72 -6%

HZO.SC.L 1.92 x TDA + 7.08 1.9 x TDA + 7.08 7.08 7.08 0% 1.92 1.9 -1%

VCT.SC.M 0.12 V + 3.34 0.1 x V + 0.86 3.34 0.86 -74% 0.12 0.1 -17%

VCT.SC.L 0.75 V + 4.10 0.29 x V + 2.95 4.1 2.95 -28% 0.75 0.29 -61%

VCS.SC.M 0.10 V + 2.04 0.05 x V + 1.36 2.04 1.36 -33% 0.10 0.05 -50%

VCS.SC.L 0.40 V + 1.38 0.22 x V + 1.38 1.38 1.38 0% 0.40 0.22 -45%

Equations y-Intercept Slope

13

CRE Equipment DOE Analysis and Equations

14


Comparing 2017 vs. 2010

1. Improvement reduces relatively for larger size machines

• VCT.SC.M

2. Improvement increases substantially for larger size machines

• VCT.SC.L

• VCS.SC.L

3. Improvement levels out for larger machines

• VCT.SC.L

• VCS.SC.L

• VCS.SC.M

VCT.SC.M

VCT.SC.L

VCS.SC.M

VCS.SC.L

25%

28%

31%

34%

37%

40%

43%

46%

49%

52%

55%

58%

61%

64%

67%

70%

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

2017 v

. 2010 E

nerg

y R

eduction D

iffe

rence %

Size ft3


VCT.SC.M VCT.SC.L VCS.SC.M VCS.SC.L

2010 kWh = 0.12(V) + 3.34 0.75(V) + 4.10 0.10(V) + 2.04 0.40(V) + 1.38

2017 kWh = 0.10(V) + 0.86 0.29(V) + 2.95 0.05(V) + 1.36 0.22(V) + 1.38

Y-intercept %

change-74% -28% -33% 0%

Slope % change -17% -61% -50% -45%

Commercial Refrigeration EquipmentDesign option vs. cost

15


$0

$10

$20

$30

$40

$50

$60

$70

$80

$90

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Higher Eff

Compr

Hot-Gas

Antisweat

ECM Cond Fan 0.5 year

1.0 year

2.0 yearsBPM Compr Mtr

VS Compr

Better Insulation

Payback

$ OEM Cost Adder

% Energy Saving

Solid-Door Reach-In Refrigerator

(DOE/ADL Study)

ECM Evap Fan

kWh/Day

kWh/day = comp. energy draw + lighting + fan + controls + others

Total System Measurement Based on Equipment Type; CDU Is Treated as Component

Better

insulationBPM motor

vs. comp.

System Compressor CDU component

ECM evaporator /

condenser fan

High-effy. comp.

Hot gas

anti-sweat

LED lighting

Walk-In Coolers and Freezers (WICF)Equipment Classes


Medium- or Low-Temp

Multiplex Condensing

Recip. Hermetic, Semi-Hermetic Recip. or Scroll Compression

<9K BTU/h or >= 9K BTU/h

Indoor or Outdoor

Medium- or Low-Temp

Dedicated Condensing

• Dedicated– Single walk-in feed

– A packaged dedicated system where the unit cooler and condensing unit are integrated into a single piece of equipment

– A split dedicated system with separate unit cooler and condensing unit sections

• Multiplex– Unit coolers matched to

multiplex condensing rack system

16

Walk-In Coolers and Freezers (WICF)AWEF

• AWEF values calculated using AHR-1200 calculator with plugged-in assumptions for factors

• Can be simulated in the absence of full system build


17

DOE Design Options to Meet AWEF Summary

Floating Head Pressure

Modulating Evaporator Fans

Electronically Commutated

Motors

Improved Evaporator Fan

Blades

Improved Condenser Fan

Blades

Improved CoilHot Gas Defrost

Temperature-initiated,

Temperature-terminated Defrost

Variable Speed Compressor

Variable Speed Condenser Fans

Variable Speed Evaporator Fans

Ambient Sub-cooling


18

WICF AWEF Improvement Design Option CostsDedicated Condensing MT/LT by BTU/h

6000 9000 54000 72000 18000 54000 6000

L M

DC

I - HER $1,528 $1,648 $2,130 $1,448

I - SCR $1,754 $1,873 $6,754 $2,348 $3,575 $6,233

I - SEM $1,993 $4,653 $2,588 $4,103 $4,242

O - HER $1,558 $1,678 $2,160 $1,479

O - SCR $1,785 $1,903 $6,819 $2,379 $3,615 $6,289

O - SEM $2,024 $2,154 $7,246 $9,133 $2,618 $4,143 $4,286

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000

Average Costs

9000 6000 54000 72000 18000 54000 6000

L M

DC

I - HER $2,171 $2,370

I - SCR $2,365 $2,204 $7,568

I - SEM $2,452 $7,571 $4,387 $4,568

O - HER $2,494

O - SCR $9,668 $2,682 $3,978 $7,003

O - SEM $10,530 $13,706 $4,603 $4,771

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

$14,000

$16,000

New Costs for Meeting AWEF

$3,269 $4,684 +43%


19

Automatic Commercial Ice MakersOverview

20


• Affecting batch ice machines also known as “cubers”

• Affecting continuous ice machines also known as “flakers” or “nuggets”

Air or water cooled

Self-contained or remote condensing

Various harvest rates

• Frozen carbonated beverage machines not affected

Automatic Commercial Ice MakersCycle Understanding

Start

• 30/110

• 15% Run Time

Stabilize

• 15/115

• 70%

Finish

• 0/105

• 10%

Harvest

• 45/95

• 5%

Ice

Ma

ch

ine

Tra

nsie

nt M

od

el

Ice Machine Improvement Levers

Continuous BothBatch

21

Total Walk-Ins Reach-Ins Ice/FCB/SS Racks

75% 74% 64% 83%

75% 74% 55% 75%

56% 71% 46% 75%

69% 60% 55% 67%

44% 37% 27% 50%

50% 17% 18% 50%

38% 37% 18% 25%

50% 20% 9% 17%

56% 20% 0% 50%

44% 14% 9% 33%

Measures Being Taken to Increase Energy Efficiency

71%

69%

65%

59%

35%

31%

29%

26%

26%

18%

Switching to more efficient fan motors

Switching to more efficientcompressors

Using LED lighting

Using more electronic controls

Using larger heat exchangers

Switching to electronic expansionvalves

Improving the amount of insulation

Switching to scroll compressors

Using adaptive electric defrost

Using floating head pressures

More Efficient Fan Motors and Compressors, Along With LED Lighting and Electronic Controls, Are Being Used to Increase Energy Efficiency and Provide the Best ROI.

Top energy

efficiency

improvements

that will provide

the best return

on investment

22

37,616

CRE

797

ACIM

1,673

WICF

• Google “DOE CCMS” or …

– https://www.regulations.doe.gov/ccms

• DOE enforcement mechanism

– Fines have been imposed

• Annual certification required by submitting new CCMS and supplemental testing forms each year

Current Number of Models Listed


23

https://www.regulations.doe.gov/ccms

Questions?

DISCLAIMER

Although all statements and information contained herein are believed to be accurate and reliable, they are presented without guarantee or warranty of any kind, expressed or

implied. Information provided herein does not relieve the user from the responsibility of carrying out its own tests and experiments, and the user assumes all risks and liability for

use of the information and results obtained. Statements or suggestions concerning the use of materials and processes are made without representation or warranty that any such

use is free of patent infringement and are not recommendations to infringe on any patents. The user should not assume that all toxicity data and safety measures are indicated

herein or that other measures may not be required.

Thank You!

Ani Jayanth

Director, Product Marketing

937-498-3314

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

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