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10/3/09 1:54 AMThey have just minutes to issue tsunami warning - CNN.com

Page 1 of 3http://www.cnn.com/2009/LIVING/worklife/09/30/tsunami.workers/index.html

updated 10:35 a.m. EDT, Thu October 1, 2009 Next Article in Living »

They have just minutes to issuetsunami warning

STORY HIGHLIGHTS

Time is always crucial when you work as a tsunami warning scientist

A warning can be issued anywhere from 5 to 15 minutes after a threat is identified

At the Pacific warning center, workers live on site for two days to monitor data

After the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, warning centers operate around the clock

Brian Shiro has been a geophysicist at the Pacific Tsunami

Warning Center for four years.

Don't MissSamoan islands shaken by

second quake

American Samoans pull

together

Scores dead, villages flattened

in Samoa

(CNN) -- When an earthquake threatens to turn part of an ocean into fast-moving walls of water, tsunami

warning scientists can do nothing for the first five minutes except wait for information. But within the next five

minutes, they have to decide whether to issue a warning of danger.

And you thought your job was high pressure.

"If we see a set of circumstances and it fits into our

criteria for [the] event, we just follow that criteria

because we don't have much time to think. There

isn't a lot of time for decision-making," said Paul

Whitmore, director of the West Coast and Alaska

Tsunami Warning Center.

"Weighing back there [in your mind] also is the

effect of your decision. If the effect of your decision

is going to evacuate the entire West Coast

waterfront, you don't want to take that lightly," he

said.

With Tuesday's tragic tsunami that engulfed

villages in Samoa and American Samoa, the pace

of events was so frenetic that the Pacific Tsunami

Warning Center in Ewa Beach, Hawaii --which

tracks earthquakes and tsunamis for countries

throughout the Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean and

Caribbean Sea -- had already been alerted to the looming disaster by the time the seismometer evidence

came in.

"The National Weather Service director in American Samoa called the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center a

few seconds before the alarms went off here, so we had an advanced warning and we were already sitting at

the computer, looking at the data in real time," said Brian Shiro, a Pacific warning center geophysicist.

It can take 30 seconds to five minutes for information from earthquake

sensors placed strategically around the globe to roll into the two U.S.

tsunami warning centers.

When there's a clear tsunami threat, the center's operation room -- built

to accommodate the two workers on duty -- becomes flooded with

people all jostling to offer assistance. The phone lines consistently ring

and "people are yelling at each other so everyone will be on the same

page, and you don't miss something important that someone else

caught," said Bill Knight, a West Coast and Alaska warning center scientist.

Scientists must "locate the earthquake and then determine based on the science data whether there should

be just a normal bulletin or whether there should be a warning," said Laura Kong, director of the

International Tsunami Information Center.

She added that it took the Pacific warning center 15 minutes to issue a warning for Tuesday's tsunami. Most Viewed Most Emailed Top Searches

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P I L O T & S C U B A E X P E R I E N C E

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