HOW THE GREEK LANGUAGE FERTILIZEDTHE LANGUAGES OF THE WORLD

Knowing the history of words, we know the history ofhumanity. Language is the main human characteristic thatseparates men from animals. Scientists acknowledge that man isprogrammed to develop speech/language.The physical environment where people live plays a majorrole in the development of their language. The influence of theclear blue Greek sky, the glaring sunlight, the variety of thephysical environment (mountains, meadows, ravines and canyons,rivers, seas, beaches and coasts, and the moderate climate, allshaped the gentle, flexible, polymorphous, melodic, full of vowelsand variety of expression Greek language.The ancient Greek language was lively, good sounding,polytonal to the point that often sounded musical, able to mimic allkinds of sounds, something that does not happen with otherlanguages. The Arabs, for example, do not have the sound “p”, theChinese do not have “r” and the Russians do not have “th.”The Mediterranean Languages, and specifically the Greek,are considered as “triumph of vowels”. As we travel north,however, the pronunciation in other languages changes. Itbecomes heavier, harder. The environment there is not friendly,cheerful and joyful. One needs to struggle to tame it, in order tosurvive. The vowels decline, and while some sounds descent tothe larynx, others ascent to the nasal cavity. They become hard tothe ears. In such cold environments, where loosing even thesmallest amount of heat is crucial, it is necessary to open themouth as less as possible. So, in the northern languages, there arefewer vowels and more consonants. These are called “thelanguages of the closed mouth.”Let’s take one Greek word, for example:ελεημοσύνηLet’s see how it progressively changed.The Latin borrowed this word –just like they borrowed most oftheir vocabulary from the Greeks- and they pronounced it:AlemosinaAs the word traveled north, it changed ever more:ITALIAN - elemosina

SPANISH - limosnaFRENCH - aumoneGERMAN - almocenENGLISH – almsAs we see, the vowels are thrown out. This results to a Greekword that has become unpleasantly unrecognizable.A language, besides genealogy and history, reveals theidiosyncrasy (temperament), good taste, and the soul of the peoplewho speak it.It is well known now that the Greek language is the oldestlanguage of those spoken in Europe.From prehistoric times, Greeks who spoke Greek gave names toseas, cities and places that are still used today.It has been calculated that Greeks today use in their everyday Greek language 2.500 Homeric words. While many of thosewords are used in other languages in a recognizable form, some arenot recognizable at all.For example, the English word coward, comes from theGreek word κοθουρος and means exactly the same as “coward”.The English word after comes from the Greek wordαυταρ=right after.The English word kiss also comes from the Greek wordκυνω, κυσω= προσκυνω την εικονα , κυσω σε την χειρα(I kiss the icon, or I kiss your hand).The Greek word has given, and continues to give, thematerial for the transformation of the international scientificvocabulary. Medicine, Athletics, Physics, Astronomy, Geography,Philosophy, Chemistry, Geometry, Geology, Politics, Democracy,Theology, Linguistics, all the Arts and Sciences were born,developed and are operating with a vocabulary clearly Greek.Everyone by now agrees that the Greek language contains words ofhigher thoughts, and verbally dresses abstract ideas. In a fewwords: Greek is the Language of civilization!Furthermore, it is not just our Greek words and roots,prefixes and suffixes that enriched the Latin language and thoughtit the other western languages, but also our Mythology.“…The Classical Greek language is one of the most importantsources that influenced our every day language… When you refer

to the alphabet, you pronounce exactly the first two Greek letters,Alpha and Beta… When you talk about arithmetic,You almost say the Greek word arithmos…The New Webster Dictionary of the English LanguageEdition GROULIER, N. YorkENGLISH GREEKAcademy…………………………………. ΑκαδημίαAcanthus…………………………………….ακανθοςAccord (to be in agreement or harmony…….χορδηAcoustics…………………………………….ακουστικηAgony (great pain in the body or mind)……..αγωνιαAgoraphobia (fear of public places)………….αγοραφοβιαAir……………………………………………αηρAlabaster (a smooth white stone)……………αλαβαστροςAllegory……………………………………..αλληγοριαAllergy………………………………………αλλεργιαAmnesia……………………………………..αμνησιαAmphitheater………………………………...αμφιθεατρονAnalogy……………………………………..αναλογιαAnalyze……………………………………...αναλυσιςAnarchy……………………………………..αναρχιαAnecdote……………………………………ανεκδοτοAnemone……………………………………ανεμωνηAngel………………………………………..αγγελοςAnonymous…………………………………ανωνυμος“…Our alphabet {English} came from Greece. Our language isfull of Greek words. Our science created an international languagethrough Greek terms. Our Grammar and our oratory, even thepunctuation and the division in paragraphs are Greek discoveries.W. DurantBaptism……………………………………...βαπτισμαBibliography………………………………...βιβλιο−γραφιαBlame, blaspheme…………………………..βλασφημωBowl , Ball …………………………………..βωλος/βολοςBotanic………………………………………βοτανικηBulimia……………………………………...βουλιμιαBulb…………………………………………βολβοςCatholic……………………………………..καθολικοςCaustic………………………………………καυστικος

Center, Central………………………………κεντρονSarcophagus…………………………………σαρκοφαγοςChaos………………………………………..χαοςChlorophyll………………………….χλωρος, χλωροφυλληChromatic…………………………………..χρωμαComic………………………………………κωμικοςComet………………………………………κομητηςCosmic……………………………………...κοσμικοςCrisis………………………………………..κρισιςCritique……………………………………...κριτικοςCube…………………………………………κυβοςCycle………………………………………...κυκλος“The Greeks understood the mysterious power of the hiddenside of things. They gave us one of the most beautiful words ofour language, the word Enthusiasm (Ενθουσιασμος), from theGreek words ενας θεος μεσα μας, (a god inside us)…”Arthur KislerDolphin………………………………………δελφινιDecember……………………………………ΔεκέμβριοςDemon……………………………………….δαιμωνDemocracy………………………………….. δημοκρατιαDermatology………………………………...δερματολογιαDisk………………………………………….δισκοςDollar………………………………………..ταλαροςδιδω=I give,Donor……………………………………….δοτηρ=donorDouble………………………………………διπλουςDragon………………………………………δρακωνEcho…………………………………………ηχωSchool……………………………………….σχοληEconomy…………………………………….oικονομιαEcology………………………………………οικολογιαEgoism………………………………………εγω/εγωισμοςElastic……………………………………….ελαστικοςElectric………………………………………ηλεκτρικοςEmphasis…………………………………….εμφασιςEnigma……………………………………….αινιγμα“Any other language is nothing else but a hypo dialectof the Greek language.”

A. Jacobs “THE NEW PENGUINNDICTIONARY OF MUSIC”

English Latin GreekFamed/fame…………….…………….φημη, φημισμενοςInfamous/infamy………………......αν(ευ)=without+φημηFantasy………………………………...φαντασιαPhantom………………………………..φαντασμαFault(y)/fake………….fallo…...σφαλλω=I make a mistakeFemale/feminine………feo……………...φυωFire/focus/fusil………………………φως, πυρ,φυρFierce……………………………….φηρ,θηρ,θηριο=wildFig…………………….ficus………..…..συκονFlower…………………………………φλοος=λουλουδιFlora/floral/floristTo float/fleet……………fluo……….…..φλυω=πλεωFort/force………….fortis=strong..…φορτιον=heavy loadEffortFrenzy/frantic…………………………φρενιτιςI fry/frying……………………….φρυγω/φρυγανια=toastFrigid/refrigerator/frost…………..φριγος=cold“Alexander, after choosing three thousand Persianyouths, gave the order the Greek language to be taught.”PlutarchEnglish Latin GreekGaiety=cheerfulness…………………….γαιω=I am happyGalactic……………………………..……γαλαGalaxy……………………………………γαλαξιαςGargle…………………………………….γαργαραGastric=has to do with the stomach………γαστρικοςGastritisGastronomy=the art of good eating………γαστρονομιαGiant………………………………………γιγας(γιγαντας)Genealogy=family tree/study of families….γενεαλογιαGender…………………………………….. γενοςGenesis=beginning, origin……………….γενεσις, γενησηGenetic

Γη=EarthGeocentric………………………………..γεωκεντρικοςGeography=the study of the earth………..γεωγραφιαGeology…………………………………...γεωλογιαGeometry………………………………….γεωμετριαGloss/glossary…………………………….γλωσσαGlue/gluten……………………γλοιος=sticky substanceGlucose=a kind of sugar………………γλυκο=sweetGovern=to rule/………..guberno……….κυβερνωGovernment……………………………..κυβερνησηGovernor………………………………...κυβερνητηςGrammar…………………………………γραμματικηGram……………………………………..γραμμαριονGraphic…………………………………..γραφη=writingGrass……………………………………..γρασιδιGymnasium………………………………γυμνασιονGymnast………………………………….γυμναστηςGymnastics……………………………….γυμναστικη

Hero=ηρωαςPlato (Kratylos 398) says that “the name ηρως states a birthout of love…don’t you know that the heroes are demigods? All ofthem came to being when gods loved mortals.”The word “hero” exists in all languages and comes from the Greekword ηρωας. No other language has the equivalent. Heroism isinternationally stated in Greek. Originally, the word ηρωας was akind of a title, like “ser”=κυριος.The German word for “ser” is HERR from the word “hero”.The Russians pronounce the same word gerroi, and the Japanese,hirosi.The word ηρωας traveled long, long ago to Polynisia as well:In the Maori Dialect, “whiro” means the god of traveling.In the Hawaiian Dialect, “hilo” is the name for navigator.In the Tuamotus Dialect, “hiro” is the god of education.In the Rarotonga Dialect, “iro” means famous ancestor.In the Taitian Dialect, “hiro” is the god of thieves.In the Mangain Dialect, “iro” is the protector of thieves.

(The Greek god Hermes was also protector of thieves.)It is evident that within all these meanings, the indigenous peoplekeep memories from ancient times, of far away visitors, by whomthey were impressed and never forgot them.English GreekHarmony/harmonious…………………….……αρμονιαHarmonica/philharmonicHarpoon=a spear to catch whales……………...αρπαγηHemisphere=half globe………………………ημι(συ)=halfHerculean=strong, brave like Hercules……….ΗρακληςHour…………………………………………...ωραHoroscope……………………………………..ωροσκοπιοHexagon………………………………………..εξαγωνοHeptagon……………………………………….επταγωνοChasm=deep crack in the earth…………………χασμαHierarchy=rank…………………………………ιεραρχιαHieroglyphic…………….………………… ιερογλυφικοςHilarious………………………………………..ιλαροςHippocampus………………………………..ιπποκαμποςHippodrome=horse race track………………ιπποδρομοςHippopotamus……………………………….ιπποποταμοςHistory, story…..………………………….….ιστοριαHistorian/historic/historiography/prehistoryHolocaust=great destruction of life by fire….ολοκαυτωμαHome…………………………………………κωμη=σπιτιHorizon…………………………………………οριζωνHorizontal…………………………………….οριζοντιαOil……………………(Latin: olium)………..ελαιον=λαδιEight…………(German: acht)…(Latin:octo)..…οκτωOyster……………….…………………….οστρεον=shellHumble……………………………χαμηλος= small, lowHumiliation/humiliateHybrid…….………………………………..υβριδιονHydrate/hydraulic…………………..υδωρ/υδρο...=waterHydra………………………………………υδρα

Hydra is a tiny water animal. Any part of it that is cut off will growto a whole new animal. In Greek myths, the Hydra was a serpentwith nine heads. When a head was cut off, two others grew in itsplace. Hercules killed the Hydra by burning each neck after its headwas cut off.

Hydrogen………………………………….υδρογονοHydrophobia…………………………….υδροφοβιαHydrotherapy……………………………υδροθεραπειαHyena……………………………………….υαιναHygiene/hygienic……………………………υγιεινηHymn…………………………………………υμνοςHyperbole=exaggeration……υπερβολη=throwing over, orbeyondHypnosis…………………………………….υπνωσιςυπο...Hypochondria………………………………υποχονδριαworry or anxiety about one’s health

Hypocrite…………………………………..υποκριτηςHypotenuse…………………………………υποτεινουσαHypothesis/hypothetical……………………..υποθεσιςHysteria/hysterical…………………υστερια/υστερικος“Many the languages of the mortals, however, only one of thoselanguages is immortal.”LONDINI SUMPTIBUS SAMUELIS BAGSTER Publishing Company

Icon……………………………………………..εικοναIconography……………………………….εικονογραφιαIdea………………………….…………………ιδεαIdeal/idealize/idealism/ideology/ideographyIdiom…………………………………………ιδιωμαIdiot/idiocy…ιδιωτης=one who no longer is involved with politics…with underrated meaning= foolish or stupid person

Idol/idolatry/doll……………………….………..ειδωλονIgneous/ignition/ignite…………………….ικνυς=ash, dustImpetuous/impetus……………………….πετω, πιπτωImpulse/impulsive………………………..παλσις=pulseIncline/inclination…………………….εν+κλινω=γερνωIndigenous…………………………….ενδογενης=native

Indication/indicative/indicate….…………ενδεικτηςIndustry………….…εντος+στορνυμι=απλωνω, στρωνωInflation……………………………φλεω=ειμαι γεματοςInstall……………εν+στελλω=στηνω=βαζω κατι ορθιοInstallation/stableInstinct/instinctive…………………………….ενστικτονIodine………………………………………….ιωδιονIota…………………………………………..ιωτα (ι)Iris………………………………………..ιρις=rainbowIrony/ironic…… …………………………..ειρωνειαEthos/ethics…………………………………..ηθοςJuice/juicy………………………………..ζωμος, ζουμιKaleidoscope…καλειδοσκοπιον= καλον ειδος σκοπωKerosene………Κηροζινη (κηρος= κερι)Kilogram………… χιλιογραμμονKilometer………………χιλιομετροCinema ΚινησιςKineticKlaxon………………..κλαγη (sharp sound)Kleptomania(c)……………….κλεπτομανης, κλεπτομανιαCyst……………………………κυστιςLLabyrinth…………………..λαβυρινθοςLake………………………..λακκος=pool-lakeLagoon…….Latin=lacuna….λακκοςLaconic=using few words……..λακωνικοςLaic………………………….λαικοςLay, layman, laityLanguage λαυχανη=tongueLinguist (ics)Lard…………………………λαρδος=the fat of pigsLarge………………………..λαρινος= well fed fat cowLargenessLargelyLarynx…………………………λαρυνξ

LaryngealLaryngitisLatitude……………Latin=latus………πλατυςLavatory………….Latin=lavo and luo…..λουωLick (I)………………………………λειχωLunchLeechLection………………………..λεγωLectorLectureLegendLepidoptera…………………λεπιδοπτεραLethal………………………..ληθηLethargy…………………..ληθαργοςLexicon…………………….λεξικονLexicography……………… -γραφιαLexicology……………………-λογιαLiberal………………Latin=liber….ελευθεροςLibertyLiberateLocality…………………………λοχος=place of ambushLocationLocalLocalizeLine……λινεος, λινον=a string made from the flax plantLineageLinearLion (ness)……………………………λεωνLipoma…………………………………λιπος=fatLipographLiquor………………………..γλυκοριζαλιθος=stoneLithologyLithosphereLithograph (y)

Liturgy…………………….λειτουργια(λαος=εργον)Logarithm (ic)……………λογαριθμος(λογος=αριθμος)Logic (al)………………..λογικηLook………………….λυκη(φως, λευκος)Lucid (ity)LuminousLight (ing)Lyre……… …λυρα=instrument similar to guitar,founded by Hermes)Lyric (al)LyricismMMasticate (I) ……………….μαστιχαω (μασω=Ι chew)Machine…………………….μηχανηMechanicalMachineryμακρο......__________Macrocosm……………………….κοσμοςMaster……Latin= magister….μεγιστος−μεγαςMastery majesticMister majorMistressMagi…………………………….μαγοςMagic, magical, magicianMagma………………………….μαγμαMagnet magnetic………………μαγνητηςMagnetismMagnetizeMay From the mother of Hermes, ΜαιαMal, malady…….Latin malus......μελεος=αθλιος, κακοςΜαμμαω=ζητω τον μαστονMamma, mammy……………….μαμμα, μαμμηMania, maniac…………………….μανιαMarch…………….Latin- Ars, Mars………..ΑρηςMarsupial………………………μασιπος=σακκος

Mass…………………………..ΜαζαMassive………………………AmassMathematics………………….ΜαθηματικαMausoleum……………………μαυσωλειονMeander………………………..μαιανδροςMegaphone……………………μεγα+φωνηMelancholy……………………μελαγχολιαMelancholicMelody…………………………μελωδιαMelodiousMelodrama……………………..μελοδραμαMother……………Latin=mater……….ματηρ−μητηρMaternalMatriarchMatrimonyMetal………………………………..μεταλλονMetallicMetaphor…………………………..μεταφοραMeteor……………………………..μετεωροςMeteoricMeteorite .....................................μετεωριτηςMeteorology…………………μετεωρολογιαMeter………………………….μετρονMetricalMetropolis…………………μητροπολις=μητηρ πολιςMetropolitanμικροςMicrocosm………………………….κοσμοςMicrograph………………………...γραφιαMicroorganism……………………..οργανισμοςMicrophone…………………………φωνοMicroscope…………………………..σκοπικοςMicrobe…………………………μικροβιονMisery……………………………μισος

Miserable…………Lat. MiserMnemonic………………………..μνημη=memoryMonarch…………………….μοναρχης (μονος αρχων)Monarchy……………………μοναρχιαMonitor…Lat. Monitor ............μηνυτωone who gives informationMonochrome………………..μονοχρωμοςMonogram…………………...μονογραμμαMonologue……………………μονολογοςMonopoly……………………..μονοπωλιονMonotheism……………………μονοθεισμοςMonotone………………………μονοτονοςMyopia……………….μυωπια (μυω=κλειω+ωψ=ματι)MyopicMystery………………………..μυστηριονMystic…………………………..μυστικονMyth……………………..μυθοςMythologyMythicalNausea………………………..ναυτιαNebulous, nebula, nimbus…………..νεφελη−νεφοςνεοςNeolithic………………………………λιθικηNerve………………………………νευρονNervousNostalgia……………………………νοσταλγιαOasis………………………………..οασιςObelisk………………………………οβελισκοςOrchestra…………………………….ορχηστραOrgan…………………………………οργανονOrganizeOrganizationOrganistOrphan…………………………………ορφανοςOxygen…………………………………οξυγονον

Paleolithic…………………………….παλαιολιθικοςPaleontology………………………….ΠαλαιοντολογιαPalm…………………………………..παλαμηPanacea…………………………………πανακειαPanic…………………………………….πανικοςParadise…………………………………παραδεισοςParadox………………………………….παραδοξοParagraph……………………………….παραγραφοςParallel…………………………………παραλληλοςParallelogram…………………….παραλληλογραμμονParalysis…………………………………….παραλυσιςParenthesis………………………………….παρενθεσιςPause………………………………………….παυσιςPharmacy……………………………………φαρμακειοPhenomenon…………………………………φαινομενονPhilosophy……………………………………..φιλοσοφιαPhonograph………………………………….φωνη+γραφωPhoto…………………………………………….φωςPhrase……………………………………………..φρασιςPistachio……………………………………….πιστακιονPlanet, planetarium……………………………..πλανητηςPlastic…………………………………………πλαστικοςPoetry, poem………….………………….ποιηση, ποιημαPole………………………………………………….πολοςPolar, polarity, polarize, polarizationPepper ……………………………………..………πιπεριPolice ……………………………………………..πολιςPolitics…………………………………………..πολιτικηPork………………….………………………πορκος(pig)Prism………………………………………….πρισμαProblem……………………………………….προβλημαProphet…………………………………………προφητηςProphecy, propheticPsyche…………………………..………………….ψυχηPsychic, psychology

Psychotherapy…………………………….ψυχοθεραπειαPyramid………………………………………….πυραμιδα__