how did the city accomplish the work? what’s on your...

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What’s on Your PlateCity of Gresham

May 30, 2013Oregon Chapter of the American Planning Association

Stacy Humphrey, Associate Comprehensive Planner

What did the City do?

• Adopted Comprehensive Plan amendments that promote wellness, reduce risk factors, and provide positive sustainable health changes by advancing policy approaches for the built environment with a strategic focus on reducing obesity

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How did the City get involved?3

$$$$$$

How did the City accomplish the work?

• Collect best practices• Literature review• Peer cities

1. Land use2. Transportation3. Parks4. Access to schools5. Access to food6. Public health

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AF-1. Support the creation and improvement of community gardens.

AF-2. Maintain and improve access to open spaces, parks, and community gardens.

AF-3. Expand access to food choices through grocery stores, community gardens, urban agriculture and local markets.

AF-4. Support existing farmers markets.


• Audit the Comprehensive Plan

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Topic: Access to Food

Practice:AF-1.AF-2.AF-3.AF-4.

Peer jurisdictions example goals and policies:

Gresham’s related goals and policies:

Comments:


• Make recommendations for addressing gaps

Access to Food : Does not meet best practices. There is no language regarding access to food choices such as farmers markets, community gardens and grocery stores.

Recommendation: Develop goals, policies and action measures to address access to food.

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What happened with food access?

10.415 Food Access– Goal: The built environment shall provide for a variety of food

options accessible to residents.– Policies:

1. Community gardens should have the opportunity to locate as accessory to appropriate private properties.

2. Support farmers’ markets, fresh food stands and community gardens to supplement the availability of healthy food in the city.

3. Ensure grocery stores are a permitted use in commercial areas throughout the city.

4. Examine other modes of providing access to food options in a manner compatible with surrounding properties.

5. Support interim local agricultural practices on vacant land as appropriate.

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What happened with food access?8

• Action Measures:1. Update the Development Code to provide a mechanism for reviewing

community gardens as accessory uses subject to appropriate standards for year-round care on appropriate properties such as at religious institutions, hospitals, multi-family complexes, civic uses, retirement centers, and schools.

2. Remove barriers to allow interim use of vacant land for community gardens when compatible with surrounding properties.

3. Consider how alternate modes of providing food options are addressed in the Development Code.

4. Consider assistance mechanisms to attract grocery stores and other healthy food retail outlets to areas where there are none in a walkable distance as measured from where people live, or reasonably available through transit services.

What did we learn?

1. Message matters2. Collaborate with public health

professionals3. Collaborate with local social

service organizations

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What are Gresham’s next steps?

• Community gardens• Food carts• Farmers markets• Food deserts

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Thank you

www.greshamoregon.gov/HEAL

Stacy Humphrey503.618.2202

[email protected]

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OAPA 2013WHAT’S ON YOUR PLATE?

FOOD MARKETING

FOOD ASSISTANCE ANTIBIOTICS/HORMONES/

CHEMICALS

HEALTH OF AIR, SOIL, WATER

WASTE MANAGEMENT

FOOD WORKERS

The Food SystemTRADE AGREEMENTS

FARMERS

MANUFACTURING

PUBLIC POLICY

RETAIL

DISTRIBUTION

What’s the problem?

How Policy Can Improve Access to Healthy Food: An “Upstream” Approach

Jason Corburn, PhD

Benefits of Public Policies that Improve Access to Healthy Food

• Economical: No‐ and low‐ cost solutions to reaching mutual goals

• Broad Reach: Opportunity to improve health of all residents of a jurisdiction

• Potential for systemic change: bring everyone to the table to address the local food and physical activity environment.

• Flexibility: policies that address unique assets and challenges of your community

Food Policy in Official Plans

From “Planning to Eat? Innovative Local Government Plans and Policies to Build Healthy Food Systems in the United States” Kailee Neuner, Sylvia Kelly and Samina Raja. September 2011.

Neighbor-hood

Municipal County Regional State Federal

Comprehensive or General

x x x

Environmental and Climate Change

x x x x

Food System

x x x x x

Components of Food System

x x x

Health x x x

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www.orphi.org

Common food system topics in official plansAgricultural Land Availability Protect and preserve rural and peri‐urban lands

Food Access Improve access to supermarkets and farmers markets

Urban AgricultureAllow market (commercial) gardens

Healthy Food Retail DevelopmentProvide economic development incentives for food retailers

Nutrition PolicyApply nutrition standards to foods offered at public meetings

Climate Change Increase local food production to reduce carbon intensity of the food chain

Food Waste Establish programs to reduce, reuse, and recycle food waste

• Land Use and Transportation

• Access to Healthy Food Options

• Shared Use of Facilities

• Workplace Wellness

Oregon’s Foodscape

• In 2010, Food and Agricultural exports made up 16% of $17.7 billion in total Oregon exports

• Food and Agricultural related businesses make up 10% of Oregon economy

OREGON FOODSCAPE 2

13.6% of Oregon’s children and adults experience food insecurity

5.6% of Oregon’s children and adults experience very low food security

3 Active Food Policy Councils: • Central Oregon • Lane County• Multnomah Food

Advisory Board

Contact Information Beth Kaye, J.D. | OPHI | HEAL Cities Campaign [email protected] | www. HEALCitiesNW.org503.227.5502 x 230

Julia Gisler, City Planner | Portland Bureau of Planning & [email protected] 503. 823.7624

Elise Scolnick, AICP, CSBA [email protected]

Stacy Humphrey, AICP | City of Gresham Associate Planner [email protected] | www.greshamoregon.gov503.618.2202

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May 30, 2013 American Planning AssociationOregon Chapter Annual Conference

P. Elise Scolnick, AICP, CSBA, Senior Planner City of Damascus

Today’s presentation will provide information on:

• The City’s role in improving access to healthy food and active living (HEAL) through policy.

• Building support with policymakers & public

• Community-building through HEAL

The Healthy Damascus Food Plan is a project that aims to:

• Build a healthy community• Focus on improving healthy food access and

active living opportunities

• Propose goals, policies, codes, programs and project approaches to the built and food environment.

• Comprehensive Plan, Code, Stand-alone HDFP

Project Description

Project Considerations1. Readiness of community and

City Council to address the issues, how to address

2. Policy Approach: Comprehensive Plan and Development Code – timing, messaging, State land use limitations

3. Data-gathering and building support

4. Building on previous work –SARE, CC Farm Report, 2010 Comp Plan

FRAMING THE ISSUES

Economic Costs: Chronic disease condition costs are born by all through taxes, increased insurance costs and lost productivity. The 2012 estimated medical and lost productivity costs

due to obesity-related health conditions are about - $150 Billion nationally- $1.6 Billion is in Oregon

Health Costs: Obesity is the number 1 public health crisis today – putting more Americans at risk of developing chronic diseases throughout their life time.

- 2/3+ of Americans are overweight or obese

Why Look at Access to Healthy Food and Active Living?

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Access to healthy food is important to give all people a choice and a chance to lead healthy lives

Some studies suggest supermarket access is linked to lower Body Mass Index (BMI)

Worker productivity and student achievement affect community health Academic performance is tied to nutrition and physical

activity.

Job‐related costs estimated nationally at $70 B

Lack of healthy food retail options contributes to economic leakage Food dollars spent in other communities is lost revenue

for local businesses

Why Access to Healthy Food Matters

• The prevalence of obesity in Clackamas County adults is increasing.

• Overweight adults percentages are slightly decreasing as more people move into the “obese” category.

Adults Overweight (BMI=25-30)

2002-2005 38%

2006-2009 35.7%

2008-2011 35.5%

2010 34.9%

Adults Obese (BMI>30)

2002-2005 21%

2006-2009 23.6%

2008-2011 23.9%

2010 27.6%

Retrieved from: http://apps.nccd.cdc.gov/BRFSSSMART/MMSACtyRiskChart.asp?yr2=2010&CtyCode=108&cat=OB&MMSA=71&qkey=4409&grp=0

2010 Clackamas Co. overweight & obese 62.5%

The Healthy Damascus Food PlanFood Environment Maps

Single person HH,, Transportation, Population Density & HH Size, School poverty, Race & Ethnicity, Age

How can we work to help community members eat healthy and be more

physically active?

The Built Environment and Public Policy are pieces of the puzzle in solving public

health problems in a community.

Community-Identified Priorities

1. Increase opportunities for households to grow and preserve their own food to improve community food security.

2. Increase affordable, healthy food options in retail settings.

3. Strengthen the nutritional quality of the food programs serving families and seniors.

Draft Comprehensive Plan Goals & Policies to Support Access to Healthy

Food & Active Living

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Healthy Damascus Food Plan Elements

Home, Community & Market Garden standardso Support food production as a part of economic

development and access to healthy food strategies.o Allow gardens in all zoneso Have setbacks from adjacent propertieso HDFP Programs to encourage/support gardening-

o Master Gardeners, non-profit gardenso Local food bank donations

Urban Agricultureo Protection of existing farms and farm use “right to farm”o Home, community and market gardenso School gardenso Animals, bees


Land use protections for Farmers’ Marketso Farmers’ markets as an economic development strategy

o Farmers’ Markets support farmers and eaters, tourismo Allowed zones, time, place and manner standards in

Development Code

Healthy Food Retailo More fresh produce in more stores, farmers’ markets,

farm standso Neighborhood Commercial (NC) zones on map so

stores, restaurants, services can locate throughout city


Improving the food environment in public placeso Nutrition guidelines for public meetingso Nutrition standards for public facilities

Healthy Damascus Food Plan Contentso Projects & programs: HDFP recommendation for incentives

for C-stores to carry fresh foods, mobile markets to serve seniors & others

o School-to-Market curriculum, intergenerational classes, public-private partnerships for gardens, markets, nutrition in public places policies and more…

What Are the Next Steps?Draft Healthy Damascus Food Plan available for review,

present at another public meeting. Outreach through Damascus Fresh & Local Market, Boring CPO & Boring Farmers’ Market

Planning Commission reviews draft Comprehensive Plan, Code and makes recommendations to City Council

City Council holds public hearings on the Comprehensive Plan, Development Code and Transportation System Plan for adoption in June & July

If adopted, all go to a vote of the people in November 2013

Planning Commission and City Council hold public hearings on The Healthy Damascus Food Plan in July and August 2013

Thank you for your time!

For more information on HDFP, please contact:P. Elise Scolnick, AICP, CSBA

Senior PlannerCity of Damascus

[email protected]

www.damascusoregon.gov

Amy Gilroy, MPHProject Manager

Oregon Public Health Institute503.227.5502 x 229

[email protected]

Thanks to our funder:

Draft Comprehensive Plan Goals & Policies to Support Healthy Eating & Active Living

Economic Development Goal: Ensure a prosperous, healthy Damascus where residents have an opportunity to live productive lives and contribute to the community by having access to jobs, affordable education, housing, healthy food, community spaces, transportation, and social and medical services options.• Policy 8: A unique economic foundation will be created as the city develops based on its rural past by providing opportunities and support for home‐based businesses and agriculture‐based businesses to locate and thrive.

Implementation Strategies:• Ensure home‐based businesses are supported in the Development Code with provisions to mitigate negative impacts on the surrounding neighborhood.

• Develop small business incubators and districts.

• Policy 9: The City shall support existing farms, nurseries and sustainable forest production and associated activities to help them remain viable businesses.

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Draft Comprehensive Plan Goals & PoliciesEconomic Development con’t.

Policy 9 Implementation Strategy:• Establish land use designation

protecting existing farms, nurseries and commercial forests.

• Encourage local bid contracts with producers for goods used or served in City facilities.

• Encourage sustainable agriculture, horticulture and forestry production methods within the City.

• Minimize land use conflicts between urban development and farms through Development Code standards.

• Allow activities supporting enhancement of farm and forest income such as agri‐tourism, special events, farm‐stays, educational retreats and more.

• Encourage vertical integration in the economic use of natural resources spanning growing, processing, storage, distribution, and retail sales of local agriculture and timber products.

• Be proactive in encouraging long‐term maintenance of agricultural land and associated activities.

Draft Comprehensive Plan Goals & PoliciesEconomic Development cont..

Policy 10: The City shall support local food production as part of the economic development and access to healthy food strategies for the community and region.Implementation Strategy:• Establish land use protections for urban food production and distribution

activities in the Development Code to improve access to healthy food.• Explore the use of form‐based codes to encourage food production either

by‐right or as a Conditional Use for uses such as green roofs, urban gardens and farms, and small‐scale food production, processing and distribution.

• Use land use agreements to allow vacant or underutilized public lands for food production.

Draft Comprehensive Plan Goals & PoliciesLand Use Goal: Damascus will be a well‐designed community that protects and promotes a unique sense of place with a variety of places to live, work, play, shop, and learn, while ensuring residents have access to healthy food and active living opportunities.LAND USE & COMMUNITY DESIGN POLICIESPolicy 1: Ensure the Comprehensive Plan Map allows for a range of land use designations (housing, jobs) to support a variety of uses for development of a full service community.Implementation Strategy:• Allow for neighborhood zoning flexibility that

provides for services that are within walkable distances.

• The Development Code shall include provisions for food production, processing, sales and distribution throughout a range of zones within the City.

Policy 2: Development in Damascus should provide community gathering places, well‐designed buildings and transportation options.Implementation Strategy:• Provide City resources for a permanent

farmers’ market in the City.Policy 3: The City shall use a variety of techniques to help new development be compatible with existing surrounding developments.

Draft Comprehensive Plan Goals & PoliciesParks and Open Space Goal: Damascus is to complement our rural character with a park and open space system contributing to an extraordinary livable community and creating a sense of place.

PARKS AND OPEN SPACE POLICIESPolicy 1: Provide passive and active recreational opportunities throughout the community for all ages and abilities.Policy 2: Integrate parks and open spaces into neighborhoods, employment areas and commercial areas so they are safe, convenient and accessible.

Policy 3: Encourage partnering with other agencies, schools, organizations, and community groups to leverage funds and sharing of facilities for parks and open spaces.Policy 4: Provide a network of off‐road pathways linking parks, open spaces, neighborhoods, and commercial areas as land divisions occur and areas develop. Emphasis should be placed on utilizing natural areas for the pathways and protecting the special places that reflect the area’s heritage and history.

Draft Comprehensive Plan Goals & PoliciesParks/Open Space con’t. Policy 5: Contribute to the regional green spaces, by preserving and linking regionally significant open space areas, parks and regional trails.Policy 6: Protect the rural character and history of Damascus by preserving heritage farms, historic resources and scenic views for parks and open space.Policy 7: Promote use of land with natural features and resources as parks and open space maximizing their protection while meeting recreational needs.Implementation Strategy:• Develop a Parks and Open Space Master

Plan and a Trails Master Plan for the City of Damascus.

• Require best management practices for public safety in the development of parks and open spaces.

• Consider potential impacts to adjacent properties regarding park and trail placement and design. Design aids such as vegetative screening and fencing should be considered to limit potential negative impacts to property owners where appropriate.

• Provide signage to discourage trespassing by trail and park users onto adjacent property where appropriate.

Draft Comprehensive Plan Goals & PoliciesTransportation Goal: Damascus is to provide a transportation system that is safe, convenient, accessible and economically feasible that incorporates a range of transportation options.TRANSPORTATION POLICIES:Policy 1: The City shall provide and improve the local and regional transportation system for all modes of travel.Implementation Strategy:• Adopt a level‐of‐service standard to assess impacts to the transportation system.

• Adopt Transportation Demand Management (TDM) strategies in the Transportation System Plan (TSP).

• Adopt Transportation System Management (TSM) strategies in the Transportation System Plan (TSP).

Policy 2: The City’s transportation system should minimize impacts to the natural environment and the design should reflect the community’s rural character while ensuring efficiency and connectivity.Policy 3: All new streets and pathways shall be designed using best management practices to reduce impacts to the environment.Policy 4: The City shall preserve, maintain and enhance transportation options through safe, efficient and cost effective measures for all modes.Policy 5: The City should provide transportation options, including transit, for the City’s transit dependent population, seniors and physically‐challenged residents.

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Draft Comprehensive Plan Goals & PoliciesTransportation Policies con’t.

Policy 6: The City should adopt development standards and design guidelines to promote safe, convenient alternative modes of travel including walking and biking.Policy 7: Increase the percentage of bicycle and pedestrian users within the City through the maintenance and preservation of safe, convenient and efficient pedestrian and bicycle systems.Implementation Strategy:• Incorporate bike facilities into all

multi‐family, commercial, institutional and industrial developments, through the Development Code.

Policy 8: Provide transit, pedestrian and bicycle facilities that connect existing and future employment, commercial uses, and neighborhoods.Implementation Strategy:• Allow pedestrian and bike paths and

lanes to be located both within, adjacent to, or separate from public streets and roadways.

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What is on Your Plate?

Case Study: Portland, OROregon APA Conference

May 30, 2013

Portland Comprehensive Plan supports Urban Growth Boundary Portland Multnomah Food Policy Council

(2003) Food Policy/Program established in the Office

of Sustainability (2005) Climate Action Plan (2009) Health grants to integrate health into

planning- include better access to food

City Food Policies/Programs

Urban Food Code Update

A set of new zoning code regulations that supports our residents’ ability to grow, sell, and buy healthful food at a scale that builds community and fits our into urban neighborhoods.

Urban Food Zoning Code Update Project

Multi-Discipline Team

PlanningSustainability Public HealthFood Policy Council


Funding: Community Putting Prevention to Work (CPPW) Grant

Market Gardens Community Gardens Farmers Markets Food Membership

Distribution Sites Animals and Bees

(studied but no changes)


Urban Food Code- Topic Areas

Project Objectives

Don’t put pressure on Urban Growth Boundary Increase access to healthful, affordable food –

especially in diverse communities Support healthy, vibrant neighborhoods Develop regulations that are inexpensive to comply

with —limit use of expensive land use reviews


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Market Gardens - Growing for Sale


Market Gardens- Issues

Not allowed in most residential zones

Regulations not clear on institutional sites

No on-site sales Neighborhood

Concerns Farm Stand in Ariadne’s Garden, NE Portland


Market Gardens – New Code

Fargo Forest Garden, operated by the Urban Farm Collective, North Portland

1. Allow in all zones

2. Allow on institutional sites

3. Neighborhood compatibility


Limit size Community notification for larger gardens Limit days of on-site sales Limit hours of operation Limit hours for motorized equipment use


Market Gardens - Compatibility

Community Gardens-Personal Consumption or Donation

Holy Redeemer School garden in North Portland


Not defined in Zoning Code

Unclear on use of institutional sites


Seeds of Harmony Community Garden at New Columbia (Housing Authority), North Portland

Community Gardens- Issues

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1. Continue to allow everywhere with no size limit

2. Allow on institutional sites

3. Limit sales to 6 days a year (fund raising opportunity)

Community Gardens- New Code


Farmers Markets- Issues


Not defined in Zoning Code—issues with treating as generic temporary use

Regulations were unclear for sites with institutional uses

1. Created definition

2. Added specific regulations to the temporary uses

3. Allow in all zones, except low density residential

4. Allow on institutional sites in all zones

5. Markets may operate up to 70 days per year


Farmers Markets- New Code

Regulations that protect the neighborhood

Allow only in more intense zones (not single family)

Specify when required parking may be covered

Market cannot block required pedestrian path (such as a sidewalk)


Farmers Markets- Compatibility

Food Membership Distribution Sites -Issues


Food buying club pickup site at Holy Redeemer Catholic School

Not addressed in the Zoning Code

Operate mostly in residential zones and may have commercial aspects that are not allowed in residential zones

Concerns about traffic and livability issues for the surrounding neighborhood

1. Allow in all zones

2. Regulate number of delivery days and number of members who come to the site in residential zones


Pick up from a food buying club at HolyRedeemer Catholic School in North Portland

Food Membership Distribution Sites –New Code

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Limit the number of delivery days and number of members who come to the site in residential zones

Require more active distribution sites to be located close to a busy street

Neighbor notification and meeting requirement for more active sites


Food Membership Distribution Sites –Compatibility

Code Development Advisory Group (CDAG)

Code Development Advisory Group

Farmers

Food Advocacy-Non-profitsNeighborhood

Government


What we learned from farmers


Partnerships with food advocacy groups

Community Gardens for education purposes – Janis Youth, New Columbia


Overwhelming support from most residents


Comprehensive Plan Update

Proposed Policy: Access to Healthful Food Grocery stores and neighborhood based

markets Opportunities to grow food Location of community gardens near high-

density areas Sale of healthful food in retail and

institutional settings Direct marketing between growers and

eaters

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Portland Comprehensive Plan

www.portlandoregon.gov/bps/pdxcompplan

Planning & Sustainability Food Program/Policy Resources

www.portlandoregon.gov/bps visit sustainable food program website and zoning code for more information

Steve Cohen, Food Policy/Program Manager [email protected]

Julia Gisler, City Planner [email protected]

What is on your plate 2What is on your plate 3What is on your plate 4What is on your Plate

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