How didstandardshippingcontainerimprove freightshipping

In this presentation we will see how shippingcontainers improve shipping by looking atvarious aspects like their design, strength,versatility and more.

What are Standard Containers ?

An intermodal container, often called a shipping container, is a largestandardized shipping container, designed and built for intermodal freighttransport, meaning these containers can be used across different modes oftransport – from ship to rail to truck – without unloading and reloading theircargo. Intermodal containers are primarily used to store and transportmaterials and products efficiently and securely in the global containerizedintermodal freight transport system, but smaller numbers are in regional use aswell. These containers are known under a number of names, such as simplycontainer, cargo or freight container, ISO container, shipping, sea or oceancontainer, sea van or (Conex) box, container van, sea can or c can.

Intermodal containers exist in many types and a number of standardized sizes,but ninety percent of the global container fleet are so-called "dry freight" or "general purpose" containers, durable closed steel boxes, mostly 8 feet (2.4 m)wide and of either 20 or 40 feet (6.1 or 12.2 m) standard length.

The common heights are 8 feet 6 inches (2.6 m) and 9 feet 6 inches (2.9 m) – thelatter are known as High Cube or Hi-Cube containers.

An intermodal container, often called ashipping container, is a large standardizedshipping container, designed and built forintermodal freight transport, meaningthese containers can be used acrossdifferent modes of transport – from ship torail to truck – without unloading andreloading their cargo.

Why are Standard Containers perfered for Shipping?

Acquisition

Activation

Intermodal containers are primarily used to store and transport materialsand products efficiently and securely in the global containerizedintermodal freight transport system, but smaller numbers are in regionaluse as well. These containers are known under a number of names, such assimply container, cargo or freight container, ISO container, shipping, sea orocean container, sea van or (Conex) box, container van, sea can or c can.

Awareness

Retention

Revenue

Referral

Intermodal containers exist in many types and a number of standardized sizes, butninety percent of the global container fleet are so-called "dry freight" or "generalpurpose" containers, durable closed steel boxes, mostly 8 feet (2.4 m) wide and ofeither 20 or 40 feet (6.1 or 12.2 m) standard length.

The common heights are 8 feet 6 inches (2.6 m) and 9 feet 6 inches (2.9 m) – thelatter are known as High Cube or Hi-Cube containers.

Standard containers are 8-foot (2.44 m) wide by 8 ft 6 in (2.59 m) high, although thetaller "High Cube" or "hi-cube" units measuring 9 feet 6 inches (2.90 m) have become very common in recent years. By the end of 2013, high-cube40 ft containers represented almost 50% of the world's maritime container fleet.

What are Standard Containers dimensions?

Container capacity is often expressed in twenty-foot equivalent units (TEU, orsometimes teu). A twenty-foot equivalent unit is a measure of containerized cargocapacity equal to one standard 20-foot (6.1 m) long container. This is an approximatemeasure, wherein the height of the box is not considered.

For example, the 9 ft 6 in (2.9 m) tall high-cube, as well as 4-foot-3-inch half-height(1.3 m) 20-foot (6.1 m) containers are equally counted as one TEU. Similarly, extralong 45 ft (13.72 m) containers are commonly designated as two TEU, no differentthan standard 40 feet (12.19 m) long units. Two TEU are equivalent to one forty-footequivalent unit (FEU).

Containers are transferred between rail, truck, andship by container cranes at container terminals.Forklifts, reach stackers, straddle carriers, andcranes may be used to load and unload trucks ortrains outside of container terminals. Swap bodies,sidelifters, tilt deck trucks, and hook trucks allowtransfer to and from trucks with no extraequipment.

ISO-standard containers can be handled and liftedin a variety of ways by their corner fixtures, but thestructure and strength of 45-foot (type E) containers limits their tolerance of side-lifting, nor can they beforklifted.

Why and where Standard Containers are used ?

Containers can be transported by container ship, truck and freight trains as part of asingle journey without unpacking. Units can be secured in transit using "twist lock"points located at each corner of the container. Every container has a unique BIC codepainted on the outside for identification and tracking, and is capable of carrying upto 20–25 tonnes. Costs for transport are calculated in twenty-foot equivalent units(TEU).

Uses of Shipping Contaienrs inRail, Ship and Air Transport

Rail

When carried by rail, containers may be carriedon flatcars or well cars. The latter are speciallydesigned for container transport, and canaccommodate double-stacked containers.However, the loading gauge of a rail systemmay restrict the modes and types of containershipment. The smaller loading gauges oftenfound in European railroads will onlyaccommodate single-stacked containers. Insome countries, such as the United Kingdom,there are sections of the rail network throughwhich high-cube containers cannot pass, or canpass through only on well cars.

Ship

About 90% of non-bulk cargo worldwide is transported by container, and the largestcontainer ships can carry over 19,000 TEU (Twenty-Foot Equivalent, or how many 20 foot containers can fit on a ship). Between 2011 and 2013, an average of 2,683containers were reported lost at sea. Other estimates go up to 10,000; of these 10% areexpected to contain chemicals toxic to marine life.

Plane

Containers can also be transported inplanes, as seen within intermodalfreight transport. However,transporting containers in this way istypically avoided due to the cost ofdoing such and the lack of availabilityof planes which can accommodatesuch awkwardly sized cargo.

There are special aviation containers,smaller than intermodal containers,called Unit load devices.

Security Associated with Shipping Containers

There are many established methods and materials for stabilizing and securingintermodal containers loaded on ships, as well as the internal cargo inside theboxes. Conventional restraint methods and materials such as steel strapping andwood blocking and bracing have been around for decades and are still widely used. Polyester strapping and lashing, and synthetic webbings are also common today.Dunnage bags (also known as "air bags") are used to keep unit loads in place.

Flexi-bags can also be directly loaded, stacked in food-grade containers. Indeed,their standard shape fills the entire ground surface of a 20 ft ISO container.

Conclusion

Standard Shipping Containers is the best choice tothe shippers and the Freight Forwarders for therestandard size to accomodate shipments organizedand can be stacked perfectly over trucks, railwaysand stacked over on the ships.

When it comes to non shipping uses of thesecontainers, these containers can be the perfect choice for an affordable, sustainable and eco-friendly homes.

There are many uses for Shipping Containers in commercial and offices spaces.

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