honey from bees.pptx

7/27/2019 HONEY FROM BEES.pptx

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Presented By

Aditya Kumar

Amit Xaxa

Anima Beck

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Beekeeping (Latin, Apis) is the maintenance of honey bee colonies,

commonly in hives, by humans. A beekeeper (or apiarist) keeps bees

in order to collect honey and other products of the hive

(including beeswax, propolis, pollen, and royal jelly), to pollinate

crops, or to produce bees for sale to other beekeepers. A locationwhere bees are kept is called an apiary or "bee yard".

Depictions of humans collecting honey from wild bees date to 15,000

years ago, efforts to domesticate them are shown in Egyptian art

around 4,500 years ago. It wasn't until the 18th century that European understanding of the

colonies and biology of bees allowed the construction of the moveable

comb hive so that honey could be harvested without destroying the

entire colony.

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The 19th century saw this revolution in beekeeping practice

completed through the perfection of the movable comb hive by the

American Lorenzo Lorraine Langstroth.

Langstroth was the first person to make practical use of Huber'searlier discovery that there was a specific spatial measurement

between the wax combs, later called the bee space, which bees do

not block with wax, but keep as a free passage.

The invention and development of the movable-comb-hive fostered

the growth of commercial honey production on a large scale in both

Europe and the USA

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Petro Prokopovych - Used frames with channels in the side of the

woodwork, these were packed side by side in boxes that were

stacked one on top of the other

Jan Dzieron - Was the father of modern apiology and apiculture.

All modern beehives are descendants of his design L. L. Langstroth - Revered as the "father of American apiculture",

no other individual has influenced modern beekeeping practice

more than Lorenzo Lorraine Langstroth. His classic bookThe Hive

and Honey-bee was published in 1853

Walter T. Kelley - Was an American pioneer of modernbeekeeping in the early and mid-20th century

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R.N.Mattoo was the pioneer worker in starting beekeeping withIndian honeybee, Apis cerana indica in early 1930s

Apis mellifera was started by Dr. A.S.Atwal and his team

members, O.P.Sharma and N.P.Goyal in Punjab in early 1960s.It

remained confined to Punjab and Himachal Pradesh up to late 1970s

In 1982, Dr. R.C.Sihag, working at Haryana Agricultural

University,Hisar (Haryana), introduced and established this

honeybee in Haryana and standardized its management practices forsemi-arid-subtropical climates

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Country

Production

(1000 metric

ton)

Consumption

(1000 metric

ton)

No. of bee

Keepers

No. of bee

hives

Germany

21.23 89 90,000

1,000,000

Serbia 3

to 56.3

30,000

430,000

Denmark2.5

5 4,000

150,000

New Zealand

9.69 82602

313,399

India52.23

45

9,800,000

Egypt

16 200,000

2,000,000

Morocco 400,00010/24/2013 6


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PROCEDURES AND STRATEGIES

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Period Work activity

Days 1-3 Cleaning cells and incubation

Day 3-6 Feeding older larvae

Day 6-10 Feeding younger larvae

Day 8-16Receiving honey and pollen from

field bees

Day 12-18 Wax making and cell building

Day 14 onwardsEntrance guards; nectar and pollen

foraging

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Stage of

development

Queen Worker Drone

Egg 3 days 3 days 3 days

Larva 8 days 10 days13 days :Successive moults occur within

this period 8 to 13 day period

Cell Capped day 8 day 8 day 10

Pupa 4 days 8 days 8 days

Total 15 days 21 days 24 days

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Beekeeping has positive ecological consequences. Bees play animportant role in the pollination of many flowering plants, thus

increasing the yield of certain crops such as sunflower and various

fruits.

Honey is a delicious and highly nutritious food. By the traditional

method of honey hunting many wild colonies of bees are destroyed.

This can be prevented by appropriate technology.

Beekeeping can be initiated by individuals or groups

The market potential for honey and wax is high

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There are four species of honeybees in India. They are:

Rock bee (Apis dorsata): They are good honey gathers with an average

yield of 50-80 kg per colony.

Little bee (Apis florea): They are poor honey yielders and yield about 200-

900 g of honey per colony.

Indian bee (Apis cerana indica): They yield an average honey yield of 6-8kg per colony per year.

European bee [Italian bee] (Apis mellifera): The average production per

colony is 25-40 kg.

Stingless bee (Trigona iridipennis): In addition to the above, another species

also present in Kerala known as stingless bees. They are not truly stingless,

but sting is poorly developed. They are efficient pollinators. They yield 300-

400 g of honey

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Among the four principal bee specicies in India. The rock-bee (Apis Dorsata)contributes around 20000 tons or more then 70% of annual honey production of ourcountry.

Since this species is migratory and wild in nature, scientific handling and

harvesting of rock-bee honey has hitherto not been systematically

undertaken. Instead, crude methods of collecting this honey are adoptedby (mostly tribal and forest-dwelling) honey hunters, using fire and

squeezing of combs by hands, leading to gross destruction of whole

colonies of bees. Loss of bee population hampers cross pollination in

agricultural crops, forests and other blooming vegetation with adverse

impact on the local ecology. These traditional honey hunters also face

considerable hazards in their vocation due to the inaccessibility of

honeycombs and the ferocity of these wild bees. Moreover, they are

usually forced to sell the honey at low or distress prices to middlemen

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First developed and successfully demonstrated by the center of science forvillages, wardha, Nagpur and continuously improvement by the

collaboration with other organization and institution.

Focus on use of protective dress to ensure the safety of the honey collector

and some essential equipment to prevent harm to,- Collector

The bees

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Enable extraction of good quality honey and by-products suchas bee wax and pollen.

A nodal facility for purification/processing of honey and by-

products, packaging and marketing add value and caneliminate middle-men.

It can adopted any where in India , where requisite bee

population exists.

Training required for honey hunters as well for NGOs.

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Project area should have large bee population - Large forest

areas, hilly tracts or rock faces and several water bodies.

Blooming vegetation area required since this would lead to

better and higher quantity of honey.

Existing group and practices of traditional honey hunters is

preferable due to familiarity with hive locations, wild beebehaviors, knowing about marketing channels.

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Bee keeping requires less time, money and infrastructure

investments

Honey and bees wax can be produced from an area of little

agricultural value

The Honey bee does not compete for resources with any otheragricultural enterprise.

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The technology package comprises-

Water spray

Protective Dress

Portable Rope Ladder

Clip

Solar Honey Separator

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Setup Nodal Agency

3 members along with the protective dress

Requiring kit, cost of this kit is approximately Rs.12000.

There would be 5 months honey flow period.

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The improved technology of honey extraction has several

advantages: Obtained honey without destruction of comb and bees.

Quality of honey is better due better collection process

Quantity of honey collection increases due above and non

destructive methods of honey extraction enabling decolonizationby bees and multiple harvests.

Safety of honey-collectors is ensured

Sustainable yields of honey and ecological conservation ensuredthrough promotion of cross-pollinaiton by preserving bee

population Provides higher income to honey gatherers

Make available good quality honey for consumers with no/lesspesticides contamination

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We are all connected in this world when spercies like(Honey Bee) start

dissapearing around the world, due to Global warmng.

Thus, to achieve a friendly environment especially for thetropical countries honey bees we should have to go throughthe following steps

The development of beekeeping in tropical countries can be achieved using

local methods by beekeepers who like honeybees. Honey quality can be

improved by training beekeepers to respect hygienic conditions and to useplastic containers during harvesting, extracting and packing honey. The

plants used to smoke traditional hives can be packaged and sold for use

with frame hives.

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honey from bees.pptx

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