history of horseshoeing matt mcmillan, ph.d.. history o who is credited with making the first...
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History of Horseshoeing
Matt McMillan, Ph.D.
HistoryO Who is credited with making the
first horseshoes?O Egyptians and Persians
O What were they made of?O Woven GrassO Sandals that were tied on to the
hoofO Still seen in some parts of remote
JapanO Called Waraji
Waraji Woven Grass Sandal
HistoryO Egyptians
O Used animal skins
O Genghis Khan – Mongolia – 12th CenturyO Rawhide cups for cavalry horses
O Where were the first metal horseshoes with nails originated?O China
O Middle East O Wide, thin shoes used for centuries to
move across desert
HistoryO Greeks and Romans
O Also used sandals
O Romans invented “hipposandal” 400 BCO Iron sole fastened with leather
O Shoes with nails not known until O After 400 ADO Not widely used until after 1000
AD
HistoryO Latin word ferraius means
O Ironworker
O French word ferrer means O To shoe a horse
O William the Conqueror credited withO Introducing shoes with nails O France to GB in 1066 AD
HistoryO Walkelin von Ferrariis
O Commissioned by WilliamO “Master of the Horse”
O Farrier became a title in England
O The Worshipful Company of Farriers (WCF)O First guilds organized in LondonO In existence since 1356
HistoryO Farrier’s Registration Act of
1975O Prohibits shoeing of horses by
unqualified persons in UK
O Examinations given by WCF at 3 levelsO DWCF or Diploma Exam given after
O4 years apprenticeshipO27 weeks national farrier
school
HistoryO AWCF or associate exam given to
O Those interested in therapeutic farriery
O FWCF or fellowship exam given to O Those interested in :
O Judging competitionsO Giving examinationsO Teaching craft
HistoryO Also Required for fellowship
examOFellowship thesisOshoe collectionOExtemporaneous lectureOQuestioning periodOShoe making exam
HistoryO First farrier books began ~16th
Century
O Blundeville 1566O “Fit the shoe to the foot, not the
foot to the shoe”
O Solleysel 1664O Described the use of clipsO Signs of lameness
HistoryO Bridges 1751
O Described the elastic mechanism of the foot
O Said to have originated:O No foot, No horse
O Farriery on the continent of EuropeO Considered a 2 man jobO Still done this way in some areas
HistoryO America’s heritage comes from
GBO One person works under the
horse
O 1834 Henry BurdenO Patented a horseshoe making
machine
O 1857 machine was capable of O Making 1 shoe per second
HistoryO 1848 Daniel Dodge
O patented horseshoe nail making machine
O Perfected 1862
O 1881 George Capewell O established horse-nail company
O By late 19th centuryO Shoes, nails, and tools could all be
bought ready made
HistoryO First machine-made shoes
O Manufactured with long heel pattern
O MilitaryO Ready made cold shoe a
necessityO No ForgeO Most military horses were shod
cold
HistoryO Horse populations in US
O 1915 21.5 millionO 1960 2.5 millionO 2000 7.5 million
O Today more people own fewer horses
O Professional care of horses is O In high demand
HistoryO Farrier Education in US
O No organized educational systemO No legislated requirement or
registration
O American Farrier Association (AFA)O Established 1971O Offered voluntary certification
since 1979
HistoryO Highest Level American Exam
O Certified Journeyman Farrier (CJF)O Equivalent to entry level British Exam
O Diploma of the Worshipful Company of Farriers
O Horseshoeing SchoolsO Early 20th Century
O US Army in Fort Riley, KS
O Many Schools Nation wide today