history and environmental influence on library media programs
TRANSCRIPT
History and Environmental Influence
on Library Media Programs
Early Education in the United States
Individualized – headmaster led students in copying materials
19th Century
Lancasterian System – ability grouped and rote learning
Societies formed to provide free education
20th Century
Creation of kindergarten adjustments to legal age for leaving
school Changes in length of school day and term
Early Education
Edward L. Thorndike human nature depended on learning advocated stimulus-response environment satisfying stimulus produced a satisfying
response
John Dewey
learners react to their environment solve problems posed from their
environment no more drill and practice or straight rows
of desks goal was to learn rather than memorize
“Modern-Day Approach”
William Heard Kirkpatrick students execute the assignment through
problem solving teachers responsible for beginning the
activity and evaluating the results
Maria Montessori teachers focus on sensory perceptions of
learners teachers provide opportunity and
encouragement Students expand their interest in learning
through the freedom to investigate
1919
Focus on individualized instruction returns
Winnetka Plan in Illinois Dalton Plan in Massachusetts
students were tested students proceeded at different rates
depending on their individual ability students were re-tested to check for
progress Group work accepted, BUT emphasis on
individual learning
America 2000
set of national education goals transform the U.S. in “A Nation of
Students” make learning a lifelong endeavor
Coalition of Essential Schoolsintellectual focus, simple goals, universal
goals,personalization, student as a worker,
student exhibitions, attitude, staff, budget
Standards for the 21st Century Learner
School libraries are essential to the development of learners’ skills,
resources, and tools.
Learners:
1. Inquire, think critically, and gain knowledge
2. Draw conclusions, make informed decisions, apply knowledge to new situations, and create new knowledge
3. Share knowledge and participate ethically and productively as members of our democratic society
4. Pursue personal and aesthetic growth
Library Media Specialists
role has changed with the rapid changes in technology
dismissal of any learning occurring outside of the classroom has made it difficult for library media specialists to collaborate with teachers
integral part of school leadership team
Library Media Program
mission is to ensure that students and teachers are effective users of ideas and information provide intellectual and physical access to
materials in all formats provide instruction to foster competence
and stimulate interest in reading, viewing, and using information and ideas
work with educators to design learning strategies to meet the needs of individual students
Leadership Provided by Library Media Specialists
Library media specialists should: lead, collaborate with, and assist
teacher in applying principles of instructional design
be an effective manager of programs
initiative to place resources into the curriculum
build joint relationship with teachers
History of Library Media Centers
first professionally trained librarian appointed in 1900
1920’s – regional accrediting agencies required high school libraries with a trained librarian
1960 – AASL received grant from Knapp Foundation to help in development of school libraries
1960 & 1962 – AASL received grants from Knapp Foundation to help in development of school libraries
1965 – Elementary and Secondary Education Act – funds were placed in Title II for library materials
Keith Nance demonstrated value of school library media specialists in the achievement of students
School Libraries and Public Libraries
There should be a strong communication between the school library and the
community public library.
School Libraries
Public Libraries
* integrate learning resources and references into the curriculum* curriculum-oriented programs* students are a captive audience
* research centered to serve the needs of all the community clientele* wide range of reading * varied program possibilitiesGreat partnerships let you reach out
dynamically and work with a wide variety of partners
within the school library and public library.
Summary
The evolution of education and school library media programs has been a
long, yet successful, journey.
ResourcesPartners in Success: When school and public librarians join forces, kids win | School Library Journal. (n.d.). School Library Journal | The world's largest reviewer of books, multimedia, and technology for children and teens. Retrieved April 8, 2013, from http://www.slj.com/2013/01/programs/partners-in-success-when-school-and-public librarians-join-forces-kids-win/
Woolls, B. (2008). The School Library Media Center in Today's Global Environment. The school library media manager (4th ed., pp. 1-18). Westport, Conn.: Libraries Unlimited.
Sharon [email protected]