Philippine History

Gimik 4

Lansium domesticumLanzones

Lanzones

•Grows up to a height of 30m with trunk 75cm in diameter•It prefers soils with good drainage and water retention, rich in organic matter and slightly acidic.•The average yield per hectare is 2.5 tons in the Philippines

Artocarpus odoratissimus

Joey OakMarang

• It has a strong scent. The scent reminds some of the Durian but is not so intense.

• Those ripened on the tree turn a more brownish color and will eventually fall to the ground and easily split open.

• It is round to oblong, 15-20 cm long and 13 cm broad, and weighing about I kg.

Artocarpus heterophyllus

JackfruitLangka

• It is well suited to tropical lowlands, and its fruit is the largest tree-borne fruit.

• The word “jackfruit” comes from Portugese jaca, which in turn, is derived from the Malayalam language team,chakka.

Psidium guajava GuavasBayabas

• Plants in the Myrtle family• The term “guava” appears to derive from

Arawak guayabo “guava tree”, via the Spanish guayaba

• The plant is somewhat hairy reaches a height of 8 inches. Ripe fruit is eatenas vegetable and used as seasoning for sinigang and also used in themanufacture of jellies. Leaves in the form of decoction for washing ulcersand wounds and also antidiarrhetic

Averrhoa carambola L.

BalimbingBalimbing

• Small sized tree growing to a height of 6 meters or less. The leaves arepinnate about 15 cm. long. The fruit is fleshy, acid green or greenish yellowand edible. The fruit is laxative, and is also given in fevers.

Sugar AppleAtis

• the Atis is one fruit you can easily grow even if you have only a square meter of soil.

• A tree bears fruits about three times a year: in the summer, during rainy season and towards Christmas. The best batch of fruits, those with thicker and sweeter flesh, comes out in the summer.

Cocus nuciferaCoconut

Niyog, Butong (Visayan)

•  Like other fruits, it has three layers: exocarp, mesocarp, and endocarp. The exocarp and mesocarp make up the "husk" of the coconut.

• The oil and milk derived from it are commonly used in cooking and frying; coconut oil is also widely used in soaps and cosmetics. The clear liquid coconut water within is a refreshing drink. The husks and leaves can be used as material to make a variety of products for furnishing and decorating. It also has cultural and religious significance in many societies that use it.

Annona reticulate L.Custard Apple

Anonas

• Leaves are oblong to oblong - lanceolate, flowers are greenish yellow,fragrant, the fruit is large and heart-shaped and brownish yellow. Freshleaves are used as topicals and are applied to the stomachs of childrensuffering from indigestion.

Perseea americanaAvocado

Alligator Pear

• Medium sized tree reaching a height of 10 meters. Leaves are alternate,oblong to oval or obovate. Flowers are small borne in naked, panicled, hairycymes. Fruit is large, fleshy, elongated and of various shapes. The pulp iscredited with the suppuration of wounds, and have an aphrodisiac properties.

 Antidesma buiuusBignay

Bignai,Dokodoko,Bugnay

• Small, smooth and delicious tree. The fruit is fleshy, red, acid, and edible. Excellent in making jam and wine.

Flacourtia rykum Zoll. & Mor.Bitongol

Batarau,Biataog

Descriptions:• An erect tree reaching a height of 20

meters. Fruit is round, edible, and isgood for making jams and pies. The roots and their decoction are giveninternally to women after childbirth. The fruit is prescribed fordysmenorrhoea

Theobrama cacaoCacao

Kakaw, Chocolate tree

• Cultivated for its seeds which are used in the manufacture of cacao, chocolate, cacao butter. Cacao butter is used in the manufacture of confections, toilet preparations and cosmetic ointments or coating pills and preparing suppositories.

Chrysophyllum caimito

Star AppleCaimito,Cainito

• Cultivated for its edible fruit and as an ornament. Decoction of the bark isgiven for dysentery, latex is used as a resolutive in abscesses and fruit is usedin treatment of diabetes mellitus.

Manilkara sapotaChico

Chico,Sapodilla

• Much branched tree reaching a height of 8 meters. The fruit brown, fleshy, ovoid or somewhat rounded. The flesh is brown, soft, slightly gritty and sweet. Bark is used for tanning sails and for making fishing tackle. Milky juice of the bark is used in the manufacture of chewing gum.

Citrus aurantifoliaKey Lime

Dayap

• The local lemon or lime. Among traditional cooks it is the critical flavoring for leche flan and macapuno because it keeps the rich desserts from being too sweet.

Syzygium cinnamomeum

Corky Debbar TreeDuhat,Kalai,Baling-manok,Munat

• Duhat juice is considered as tasty as grape juice, and used in the manufacture of red wine. Decoction of the bark is given internally in dysentery, ripe fruit is an efficient remedy for diabetes mellitus.

Durio zibethinus Murr. (Bomb.)

DurianDurian,Duren,Dulian

• Cultivated for its very highly prized fruits. Durian fruit as tonic, root decoction for fever and their juice into a preparation for bathing the head of the fever patient.

Annona muricata L.Soursop

Guyabano,Babana

• Small tree, 5 to 7 meters in height. The fruit usually eaten raw when ripe Juicy fruit makes a delicious ice cream. Unripe fruit, seeds and juice of the fruit are used in treating dysentery.

Citrum aurantium L. (tight skinned orange)

Sour OrangeKahel,Talamisan

• Leaves, flowers, fruit, peel of the fruits and the volatile oil are official in many pharmacopeias.

Pithecellobium dulceSweet Tamarind

Kamachile,kamanchilis

• This tree is 5 to 18 meters high with ultimate branches. The bark is used for tanning, the seed is edible, whitish and sweet when the fruit is ripe. The root bark is good for dysentery, leaves with salt, cure indigestion and also produce abortion.

Averrhoa balimbi L.Bilimbi treeKamias,Iba

• Fruit contains potassium oxalate & is used to remove stains from clothing and also for washing hands. It is much used as seasoning and is made into sweets, including jam and used in making pickles.

Dillenia philippinensis Rolf.

Katmon

• Acid juice of the fruit when mixed with sugar is used as cough cure. It is employed for cleansing the hair.

Spondias pinnataWild Mango

Libas,Lubas,Lano

• Leaves & fruits  sour & used in stews

Triphasia trifolia (Burm.)Limeberry

Limonsito,Kalamitos,Sua-sua

• Cultivated on account of its ornamental, edible, red fruit & its fragrant, white flowers. Aromatic bath salts in the Phils. Are made from the leaves of this plant.

Syzygium samarangens

Wax AppleMakopa

• The pink and bright red bells are so attractive and the trees produce so much fruit but, alas, there are so few takers.

Mangifera indicaMangoMangga

• Root - diuretic; bark & seeds mastringent; leaves for tea & resin  cure for aphthoes

Ziciphus mauritiana Lam.

Red DateMansanitas

• A decoction of the bark & leaves is employed as an effective astringent in dysentery &diarrhea & is used in bowel trouble of all kinds.

Mangifera philippensis Mukh. (Anac.)

Paho

• Roots are diuretic, bark and seeds are astringent

Mangifera altissima Blanco

Pahutan

• Same as mango. The immature fruit is eaten fresh, pickled or mixed with vegetables (Philippines), the ripe fruits are eaten or used to prepare marmalade; the seeds are salted and pounded to obtain an edible mea

Cannarium ovatumPilinut

Pili,Liputi

• The roots contain 7.8 % tannin, and gives satisfactory leather which is yellowish tan. The seed has a fixed oil. Oleoresin is used as stimulant, a rubefacient and antirheumatic when applied externally.

Nephelium lappaceum

Rambutan

• Fruit is oblong, red or yellow with thick coarse wavy hairs or soft spines. Roots in decoction for treating fevers, leaves for poulticing and the bark as an astringent for diseases of the tongue.

Artocarpus communis

BreadfruitRimas

• Very closely related to Kamansi (Seeded Breadfruit). Native of the Pacific Islands.

Tamarindus indicaTamarind

Sampalok

• The tree is cultivated for its many uses. Leaves are used in dyeing. Tamarind pulp obtained citric acid, 9.40, tartaric acid 1.55, malic acid 0.45, bitartrate of potash 3.25, sugar 12.5, gum 4.7 vegetable jelly 6.25, parenchyma 34.35, and water 27.55. Seeds contain tannin, fixed oil, and insoluble matter. and bark of old trees contains 7% tannin.

Citrus maximaPomelo

Lukban, Bu-ungon, Suha, Kabugaw

• The largest of the citrus fruits, with a thick yellow skin and bitter pulp that resembles grapefruit in flavor.

Diospyros blancoiVelvet apple

Kamagong

• Its edible fruit has a skin covered in a fine, velvety fur which is usually reddish-brown, and soft, creamy, pink flesh, with a taste and aroma comparable to fruit cream cheese (the aroma of the fruit itself, however, is unpleasant, comparable to rotten cheese or cat feces.

Musa sapientumBanana

Saging

• A long curved fruit that grows in clusters and has soft pulpy flesh and yellow skin when ripe. The tropical and subtropical treelike plant that bears this fruit. It has very large leaves and resembles a palm, but lacks a woody trunk

Sandoricum koetjape

Red SantolSantol,Santor

• It is also called sour apple or cotton fruit. It is commonly cultivated throughout these regions and the fruits are seasonally abundant in the local markets.

Carica papayaPapaya

Papaya,Kapaya

• This one versatile tropical fruit. When ripe, it is eaten fresh or mixed with milk and sugar to make a papaya shake. When still raw, it is cooked with chicken to make into tinola, or shredded and flavored with vinegar and spices to make into achara.

Chrysophyllum cainito

Star AppleKaimito

• The fruits are delicious as a fresh dessert fruit; it is sweet and best served chilled. Infusions of the leaves have been used against diabetes and particular rheumatism. The fruit has anti-oxidant properties.

Calamus manillensisRatttan Fruit of Dragon’s

BloodYantok

• The fruit of some rattans exudes a red resin called dragon's blood. This resin was thought to have medicinal properties in antiquity and was also used as a dye for violins, among other things

aurantium L. var. bergamina 

King OrangeDalanghita,Darangita,Sinturis

• Leaves are smooth, oblong to broadly lanceolate, 4 to 10 centimeters long, with narrowly winged short petioles of about 1 centimeter long. Flowers are white, short-pedicelled and mostly solitary.. Fruits are hesperidums, with a loose skin and leathery pericarp, with a sweet pulp that is only fairly juicy. Green fruit turns to yellow, greenish yellow or orange.Of many varieties, the large ones attain a size of about 10 centimeters in diameter and about 9 centimeters thick. Pulp is sweet and only fairly juicy.

Bactris gasipaesPeach Palm

Cachipay

• The fruit is a drupe with edible pulp surrounding the single seed, 4–6 cm long and 3–5 cm broad. The rind (epicarp) of the fruit can be red, yellow, or orange when the fruit is ripe, depending on the variety of the palm.

Garcinia binucao

Batwan

• The taste is sour but not acidic, a tartness that promotes saliva in the mouth without impacting on the stomach, the way vinegar or even kalamansi often does. This is the kind of sourness only batwan can deliver. An important part of the souring arsenal of cooks in Negros Occidental and some parts of Panay, batwan is actually found in abundance in Bohol and Mindanao

Citrus aurantiumSweet Orange

Dalandan,Tamamisan

• The local orange. Or what's left of it. In the '60s, we had a variety of local oranges that were big, juicy and sweet. The ladu variety, which was common then, had a deep green and orange peeling that had the shape of, but was much bigger than, the ponkan.

Citrofortunella microcarpa

Seeded BreadfruitKalamansi

• Very popular as a souring agent is the kalamansi. This little green lime, which is indigenous to the country, plays a giant role in Philippine cuisine.

Artocarpus camansiBreadfruit

Kamansi,Kamongsi

• His fruit is being sold in a vegetable cart with squash and string beans. They looked like underdeveloped langka or jackfruit, little round langka with the same green spiny cover.

Cocos nucifera

Macapuno

• The macapuno is a mutant of the coconut. Developed macapuno trees that yield 80 per cent macapuno fruits. The trees grow in abundance in Albay where the Authority's research center is.

Garcinia mangostana

MangosteenMangostan,Manggis

• This fruit often regarded as one of the four most delicious fruits in the world along with the mango, pineapple, and cherimoya. Let me add that the mangosteen is also such an elegantly designed fruit.

Pouteria campechiana

Egg FruitTiesa,Boracho

• This heart-shaped, orange-yellow summer fruit is said to be one of the best sources of vitamin A. Eating tiessa is like eating boiled kamote (sweet potatoes), given its fibrous, sticky texture and thick flesh. But it has a cloying sweetness that makes one fruit too much for just one person to finish.

Spondias purpureaHog Plum

Sineguelas,Saguelas

• Many people always associated sineguelas with the spookiness of its tree before it bore fruit. The sineguelas tree sheds off all its leaves before it flowers, and the fruits appear just in time for the summer. Wait for the fruits to turn red because that's when they're sweet and juicy. Nutritionists tell us that the sineguelas is loaded with Vitamin C.