highly pathogenic avian influenza h7n3 in mexico · confirmation of highly pathogenic avian...
TRANSCRIPT
Servicio Nacional de Sanidad, Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria
Updated, October 17th, 2012
Highly pathogenic avian influenza H7N3 in Mexico
Poultry production - 2011
Product Production (tons)
$ Mexican pesos
(million) % Participation
Table eggs 2’538,137 35,450 29.52
Broiler 2’906,214 58,386 33.80
Turkey 13,103 694 0.15
Total 5’457,454 94,530 63.48
Source: Compendium of the economic poultry sector indicators 2012, National Union of Poultry Farmers.
National production: 8´598,478 tons.
Chicken
Turkey
Egg Swine
Honey
Sheep 0.65%
Goat 0.51%
Beef Poultry farming 63.48%
Livestock production 2011 (percentage of participation)
3
Some data of the egg production
World production • China is the most important producer in the
world (40%), followed by USA (9%); India (5%); Japan (4%), Mexico (4%), and Rusia (4%).
• Mexico is the 5th egg world producer. Four of every 100 eggs in the world are mexican.
National production • Mexico produces 2.3 millions of egg metric tons
a year. With value of 2,506 million USD. First world consumer (22 Kg) per people.
• 100% of the consumed egg is produce in Mexico. • The main producer state is Jalisco with 51% of
total production.
AI H7 Notifications to the OIE Country virus Date outbreak
KOREA H7N7 03/23/2005
CANADA H7N3 09/27/2007
UNITED KINGDOM H7N7 06/04/2008
SPAIN H7N7 10/11/2009
UNITED STATES H7N9 06/29/2011
UNITED STATES H7N3 03/25/2011
SOUTH AFRICA H7N1 02/01/2012
MEXICO H7N3 06/21/2012
2012 OUTBREAKS
2005 -2012
AI eradication costs
5
Country Number of
eliminated birds (million)
Costs (USD) Year of eradication
USA (H5N2) 17 65 million, 30% increase in the egg cost
1983
Italia (H7N1) 18 100 million to pay eliminated birds and 500 millions to indirect costs.
1999-2000
Hong Kong (H5N1)
1.4 13 million 1997
Hong Kong (H5N1)
1.2 3.8 million 2001
Europa (H7N7)
30 314 million 2003
Canadá 17 380 million 2004
Chile (H5N1 IABP)
0.53 2009
Background
Activities from July 3 to 18
Beginning of the vaccine potency test.
Establishment of the quarantine zone.
New rules for the mobilization of avian products from Jalisco.
July 26, first batch of 10 million dosis of AI vaccine is delivered to the producers
June 18 First notification to SAGARPA: High mortality of layers in Tepatitlan, Jalisco. June 18-19 Samples were received in the BSL-3 reference laboratory June 20 Official confirmation of avian influenza H7. June 21 Beginning of the emergency plan, situational diagnosis and contraepidemic activities (including
the possibility of vaccination). Mobilization control. June 22 1:30 am Notification to the OIE. Beginning of the sampling of technified farms and backyard
poultry near the focal area. June 23 – 24 confirmation of highly pathogenic avian influenza H7N3. Notification to the OIE. June 25 Situational diagnosis . July 2 DINESA (Operative National Animal Health Emergency) publication as a mandatory guideline to control the outbreak.
Laboratory diagnosis
1. Virus Identification The virus identification was carried out by
the Hemagglutination inhibition test. It was identified as avian influenza virus
subtype H7
Virus identification was carried out by A/Chicken/British Columbia/CN-00006/2004
(H7N3) reference antisera
Laboratory diagnosis
2. Identification of influenza virus by Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) • Matrix protein • H5* • H7* The protocol was adopted from USDA – APHIS NVSL. SOP - AVPRO1510.04 - 2008
Laboratory diagnosis
3. Intravenous Pathogenicity Index Test (IVPI) *
* Harmonized protocol among The United States of America, Canada and Mexico
Facilities
The IVPI was conducted at CENASA facilities
The index was calculated as the mean score per bird per observation. In the above result this would be 290/100 = 2.90. The classifying criteria for the isolated AI was highly pathogenic.
Laboratory diagnosis
* Harmonized protocol among The United States of America, Canada and Mexico
The index was calculated as the mean score per bird per observation. In the above result this would be 290/100 = 2.90. The classifying criteria for the isolated AI was highly pathogenic.
∑
∑∑∑∑
=
====
×+×+×+×= n
dcba
n
dd
n
cc
n
bb
n
aa
dcbXa
WXWXWXWXIPIV
1,,,
41
311
211
,,,
The Intravenous Pathogenicity Index Test (IVPI) *
Clinicalsigns
D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 Total Score
Normal 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 X 0 0
Sick 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 X 1 0
Paralyzed 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 X 2 20
Dead 0 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 90 X 3 270
Total 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 100 290
Laboratory diagnosis
5. Sequencing results
Cleavage site
HA1 HA2
A/chicken/British ColumbiaAY559235 PENPK /TRG Reference Strain
CPA-2817-06 /2006 PENPK /TRG 2006 Strain
CPA-12283-2012/2012 PENPKDRKSRHRRTR /TRG 2012 Strain
Diagnosis
The virus was confirmed as H7N3 by PCR and sequencing. An insertion of basic amino acids was detected in the cleavage site that characterizes a high pathogenic virus.
This insertion could be a part of the chicken genome!
National and state view
13
14
Regional view
16
Regional view
Primary focus
Index focus
Cuerpos de Agua
HPAI affected farms near lakes and water reservoirs where migratory birds arrive
Municipio Población Total Enfermos Muertos Propietario Fecha primer aislamiento
TEPATITLAN DE MORELOS 310,000 90,000 10,000 GRANJA AVICOLA LA GUADALUPANA 26/06/2012 ACATIC 71,488 0 0 LA UNION TEPATITLAN S. A. DE C.V. 29/06/2012
TEPATITLAN DE MORELOS 216,000 206,000 206,000 AVICOLA ALEJANDRINA (CARLOS GONZALEZ GONZALEZ) 29/06/2012
TEPATITLAN DE MORELOS 102,000 100,000 78,000 AVICOLA LA JOYA (GUILLERMO NAVARRO RAMIREZ) 29/06/2012
TEPATITLAN DE MORELOS 165,000 45 10 POSTA EL CUATRO, S.A. DE C.V. 29/06/2012 TEPATITLAN DE MORELOS 133,975 2 1 LA UNION TEPATITLAN 29/06/2012
ACATIC 1,400,000 700,000 39,970 GENA AGROPECUARIA. 29/06/2012 TEPATITLAN DE MORELOS 92,000 250 250 GM FARM'S S.A. DE C.V. 29/06/2012 TEPATITLAN DE MORELOS 96,000 46,000 46,000 AGROPECUARIA DALEG S.A. DE C.V. 29/06/2012 TEPATITLAN DE MORELOS 55,000 35,000 25,000 GM FARM'S S. A. DE C. V. 29/06/2012 TEPATITLAN DE MORELOS 150,000 5,000 2,000 GUSTAVO DE ANDA GONZALEZ 29/06/2012
ACATIC 215,000 7,000 3,000 ALEJANDRO NAVARRO RAMIREZ (AVICAM). 29/06/2012 VALLE DE GUADALUPE 395000 1 1 GM. FARM’S, S. A. DE C. V. 29/06/2012
ACATIC 75,000 20,000 13,000 ALFREDO CASILLAS CASILLAS 29/06/2012
TEPATITLAN DE MORELOS 500,000 500 200 GRANJA AVICOLA LA GUADALUPANA 29/06/2012
ACATIC 236,000 0 0 AVICOLA MIRAFLORES (ARTURO ESQUIVIAS ROMERO) 29/06/2012
VALLE DE GUADALUPE 140,587 4 3 AGROPECUARIA PEREZ CASILLAS S.A. DE C.V. 29/06/2012 TEPATITLAN DE MORELOS 30,000 3 2 GRANJA AVICOLA LA GUADALUPANA 29/06/2012 TEPATITLAN DE MORELOS 94,500 55,000 55,000 GM FARM'S S.A. DE C.V. 29/06/2012 TEPATITLAN DE MORELOS 165,000 0 0 POSTA EL CUATRO S.A. DE C.V. (AVES) 29/06/2012 TEPATITLAN DE MORELOS 800,000 800,000 280,000 GRUPO GONZALEZ LOZANO S.A DE C.V. 29/06/2012
TEPATITLAN DE MORELOS 235,000 4,000 4,000 GM FARM'S S.A. DE C.V. 29/06/2012
TEPATITLAN DE MORELOS 49,056 263 105 OSCAR EDUARDO MARTIN GUTIERREZ 29/06/2012
ACATIC 395,000 195,000 150,000 ALEJANDRO NAVARRO RAMIREZ (AVICAM). 29/06/2012 SAN MIGUEL EL ALTO 1,526,001 10 10 GENA AGROPECUARIA S.A DE C. V. 02/07/2012
TEPATITLAN DE MORELOS 40000 10 10 GRUPO ESTRADA DE LA TORRE, S. A. DE C. V. 05/07/2012
TEPATITLAN DE MORELOS 112000 10 10 GRUPO ESTRADA DE LA TORRE S.A. DE C.V. 05/07/2012
TEPATITLAN DE MORELOS 152000 12 10 AVICOLA GANADERA DE JALISCO S.A. DE C.V. 06/07/2012
VALLE DE GUADALUPE 396000 0 0 AVICOLA BUENDIA-ANTONIO GUTIERREZ MARTIN 07/07/2012
TEPATITLAN DE MORELOS 254320 254320 75000 AVICOLA CARMELITA (OSCAR SILVINO MARTIN MARTIN) 07/07/2012 TEPATITLAN DE MORELOS 113,000 10 10 MIGUEL GONZÁLEZ CUEVAS 07/07/2012
ACATIC 45000 6 5 PRODUCTORES UNIDOS DE TEPATITLAN (J. JESUS MARTIN GUTIERREZ) 08/07/2012
JALOSTOTITLAN 576757 0 0 PROTEINA ANIMAL SA DE CV 09/07/2012 TEPATITLAN DE MORELOS 550000 5500 320 HECTOR ALCALA GONZALEZ (AVES) 21/07/2012 ENCARNACION DE DIAZ 405109 0 0 BENJAMIN PEREZ DE ANDA 22/07/2012
TEOCALTICHE 30908 3090 1000 INTERPEC SAN MARCOS 25/07/2012 TEOCALTICHE 294440 0 0 INTERPEC SAN MARCOS 25/07/2012 TEOCALTICHE 30758 9227 1000 INTERPEC SAN MARCOS 25/07/2012 TEOCALTICHE 27688 5537 1000 INTERPEC SAN MARCOS 25/07/2012 TEOCALTICHE 55000 12000 300 AGROINDUSTRIAS QUESADA 26/07/2012 TEOCALTICHE 43500 9500 288 AGROINDUSTRIAS QUESADA 26/07/2012
SAN IGNACIO CERRO GORDO 132841 10 10 AGROPECUARIA GIRO S.A. DE C.V. 13/08/2012
VALLE DE GUADALUPE 9500 2850 500 EMPAQUES DE SAN JUAN S.A. DE C.V. 13/08/2012
TEPATITLAN DE MORELOS 280000 250000 100000 AVICOLA EL DURAZNO S. A. DE C.V. 20/08/2012
TEPATITLAN DE MORELOS 134400 86567 86567 JOSE LUIS GONZALEZ ALCALA 20/08/2012
Evolution of the virus isolation
Checkpoints to movement verification of bird products
With the Federal Police and Mexican Army, the internal chek points were strenght in the area to avoid ilegal movement of bird products
19
Current situacion and vaccination Sanitary indicators Quantity
Farms sampled 657
Farms with virus isolation 44
Virus isolation in wild birds (black birds – zanates and swallow)
2
Procesed samples 92,804
Personel working on field 87
Zoosanitary certificates issued 18,753
Delivered vaccines in the first stage (august 20th) 88’327,000
Delivered vaccines in a second stage 51’658,000
Vaccines applied to date (08/octubre/2012) 128.58 million
Vaccine bank (dosis) 53 million
Depopulated birds because of the outbrake 11 million
Vaccination 1ª y 2ª stage
Purpouse Delivered vaccine
Breeders 1’420,025
Breeading 32’933,172
Development 9’742,070
Layer hens 95’388,920
Broilers 500,812
Total 139’985,000
October 17: 657 farms sampled in 42 municipalities 44 AIH7N3 positive farms and three wildlife bird (virus isolation). 613 negative farms. 100,406 samples have been collected and diagnosis test have been performed Depopulation: 22.3 million birds. Vaccination: 88.32 million doses (first application).
Updated situation
Municipality N° of farms
with isolation AH7N3
Total population Sick Dead Destroyed Purpouse
Acatic 7 2,437,488 922,006 205,975 2,437,488 Layer
Teocaltiche 6 263,486 17,854 3,000 263,486 Breeders
Tepatitlán de Morelos 24 4,781,939 1,932,997 968,180 4,367,539 Layer
Valle de Guadalupe 3 941,087 2,855 504 941,087 Layer
San Miguel el Alto 1 1,526,001 10 10 1,526,001 Layer
San Ignacio Cerro Gordo 1 477,930 1 0 477,930 Layer
Jalostotitlán 1 576,757 0 0 576,757 Layer
Encarnación De Díaz 1 405,611 0 0 405,611 Layer
44 11,410,299 2,875,723 1,177,669 10,995,899
Two cases in Tepatitlán, Jal. with wild birds: 3 virus isolation in black birds (zanates ) 1 virus isolation in a swallow
Viral isolations by municipality and type of production
21
33 farms from 20 a 81 week old, 9 farms more than 80 week old
Avian Influenza AH7N3 active surveillance in México
Field operations personel is taking samples in the country to look for clinical signs or virus; SAGARPA/SENASICA laboratories have received 1,858 samples from farms and backyards coming from 28 states (including Jalisco), the sampling cover 253,162,276 birds and 131,948 have been analized.
22
AGUASCALIENTES
BAJA CALIFORNIA
BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR
CHIAPAS
CHIHUAHUA
COAHUILA DE ZARAGOZA
COLIMA
DURANGO
GUANAJUATO
GUERRERO
HIDALGO
ESTADO DE MÉXICO
JALISCO
MICHOACAN DE OCAMPO
MORELOS
NAYARIT
NUEVO LEON
OAXACA
PUEBLA
QUERETARO DE ARTEAGA
QUINTANA ROO
SINALOA
SONORA
SAN LUIS POTOSÍ
TLAXCALA
VERACRUZ LLAVE
YUCATAN
ZACATECAS
67
1
1
52
4
162
13
278
27
4
32
27
649
25
38
21
25
3
139
58
1
30
9
63
2
90
24
13
1858 sampled farms
Eradication strategies
1)Active and passive surveillance in all states of Mexico 2)Quarantine in the affected zone. 3)Control in mobilization of poultry and poultry products 4) Increase in the biosecurity level of all farms 5)Notification of any suspected case (high mortality, less
production, birds with clinical signs)
Eradication strategies
1)Depopulation (stamping out) of positive farms, cleaning and disinfection
2)Official production and control of an AI vaccine (Low pathogenic virus)
3)Vaccination of the buffer zone 4)Specific strategies for risk communication 5)Surveillance in wild birds
Communication strategies
Communication strategies SENASICA has been doing the action as follow:
Elaboration of the master seed
Testing of the 2006 “duck” strain
Homology with field virus ≈ 90%
Partial sequences of H7 and N3 are in the GenBank (29/06/12) Access numbers: • JX293406 • JX293407
Elaboration of the pilot lot
3 concentrations (12, 16 and 20%) were prepared of a pilot lot of emergency vaccine from the working seed.
Potency tests
The results were satisfactory for the 20% concentration at 2 and 3 weeks post-vaccination.
• 90% protection in vaccinated animals against field virus. • 90% mortality in challenged controls.
With these results the decision was taken of using the 20% concentration for the industrial production of the emergency vaccine. The other two concentrations protected less than 80% against a challenge with HPAI field virus 14 days post-vaccination.
29
Number of Birds Depopulated in the Jalisco Region and Restocking Perpectives
Number of laying hens already introduced :
9.4 millions
At the end of november repopulation in the area
will be reached, (90 millions of laying hens)
By the outbrake 11 millions
By desition of the producers
11.4 millions
Eliminated birds
30
Fecha de elaboración Firma del área que elabora 31
Current situation: table egg production
Reduction of the national flock was 15.5%. Between July and August , 2012 the table egg production decreased 10% (42,000 metric tons) compared with the same period in the previous year.
160,000
170,000
180,000
190,000
200,000
210,000
220,000
230,000
240,000
ene-
10fe
b-10
mar
-10
abr-
10m
ay-1
0ju
n-10
jul-1
0ag
o-10
sep-
10oc
t-10
nov-
10di
c-10
ene-
11fe
b-11
mar
-11
abr-
11m
ay-1
1ju
n-11
jul-1
1ag
o-11
sep-
11oc
t-11
nov-
11di
c-11
ene-
12fe
b-12
mar
-12
abr-
12m
ay-1
2ju
n-12
jul-1
2ag
o-12
sep-
12oc
t-12
nov-
12di
c-12
ene-
13fe
b-13
mar
-13
abr-
13m
ay-1
3ju
n-13
jul-1
3ag
o-13
sep-
13oc
t-13
nov-
13di
c-13
Producción nacional de huevo para plato 2010-2013(toneladas)
Producción observada
Producción de no haberse presentado la contingencia
Producción con reposición de aves (4.5 mill/mes)
Inicio de la contingencia(22 jun 2012)
140 mil ton
National table egg production 2010-2013 (Metric tons.)
N° of Inspections/Detencions by checkponit in the Quarentine zone
PVI Inspected Rejected % ACATIC 1 596 19 3.2 ACATIC 2 241 4 1.7 ACATIC 3 346 6 1.7 ARANDAS 291 2 0.7 CERRO GORDO 171 26 15.2 LA VENTA ATOTONILCO 117 6 5.1
OJO DE AGUA 25 0 0.0 PEGUEROS 2169 30 1.4 SAN JOSÉ DE GRACIA 454 6 1.3 SAN JUAN - LAGOS 3105 54 1.7 TEOCALTICHE 267 4 1.5 TOTOTLAN 116 0 0.0 YAHUALICA 778 44 5.7
Totales 8,676 201 2.3 32
Table egg, liquid egg, liquid-pasteurized egg, pasteurized egg, fertile egg, dehidrated egg, industrial use egg, liquid yolk, Albumin, Shell, birds, compost, poultry, sausages, processed poultry, viscera, meat and bone meal, poultry fat, Poultry paste, hen and chicken feces, breaked egg .
Serology in Vaccinated Poultry Farms Titer for AI H7
2,886 samples
Granjas monitoreadas 87
(1:16) 1%
(1:32) 0%
(1:64) 1%
(1:128) 1% (1:256)
3% (1:512)
5%
(1:1024) 89%
(1:16)(1:32)(1:64)(1:128)(1:256)(1:512)(1:1024)
Sampled farms : 87
The One Health point of view:
•Meetings with Helth Minister to have cooperation and coordination at secretary level
•Regional meetings with local and state authorities to increase the active and passive surveillance on farm workers.
•Veterinary services suply masks, gloves and googles for workers when they were applying vaccine.
•Two cases of conjuctivitis were detected in farms and AH7N3 were isolated in Health labs and secuencied in veterinary labs.
ENERO FEBRERO MARZO ABRIL MAYO JUNIO JULIO AGOSTO SEPTIEMBREProductor Kg 16.63 15.73 14.72 13.76 11.51 13.99 16.57 21.98 24.64Autoservicio Kg 27.6 28.35 27.9 28.19 25.5 26.13 27.24 30.32 36.52Mercados Kg 23.38 21.54 22.77 20 16.4 21.07 24.95 31.54 31.9Abarrotes Kg 23.75 21.38 24.44 19.67 15.67 21.25 25.52 32 33.4
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Pric
e Anun
cio
del B
rote
de
Influ
enza
avi
ar
Anun
cio
de la
SE,
cupo
s
Anun
cio
de la
SE,
des
grav
ació
n
Averages egg prices in 2012
35
Ten million USD is expected that consumers will pay in five months because of the incresed price
Value of imports 16.6 M USD
Total Impact of the AI H7N3
(Millions of USD)
54.1 108.3 216.5 324.8 433.0
867.6
1,301.3
25.7 51.3 102.6
154.0 205.3
411.3
616.9
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
Base oficial(2.5m)
Baseintermedio
(5m)
Base factible(10m)
Impactopotencial
(15m)
Impacto alto(20m)
Impactocatastrófico
(40m)
Desapariciónindustria enAltos (60m)
Costo total indirecto (millones dedólares)Costo total directo (millones dedólares)
638 million US dollar