high-tech systems and materials
DESCRIPTION
November 15, 20 1 1. High-tech systems and materials. Andrey Yaroslavtsev Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry RAS Topchiev Institute of Petroleum Synthesis RAS. Positions of Russia in R&D : ratio of needs and capacities. Transducers and sensors. Liquid mediums. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
High-tech systems and materials
Andrey Yaroslavtsev
Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry RAS Topchiev Institute of Petroleum
Synthesis RAS
November 15, 2011
Positions of Russia in R&D: ratio of needs and capacities
Индекс рыночной перспективности(динамика рынка и конкурентные преимущества продуктов)
Инд
екс
техн
олог
ичес
кого
уро
вня
росс
ийск
их р
азра
бото
к(о
пере
жен
ие/о
тста
вани
е Ро
ссии
в о
блас
ти Н
ИО
КР)
Ind
ex o
f R
&D
re
sult
s re
adin
ess
Index of demand perspective
Transducers and sensors
Liquid mediums
Catalysts
Ceramic materials
Composites
Crystalline structures
Devices
Metals and alloys
Coatings and films
Polymers
Sorbents, membranes and filtersLife systems
Electronics
2.1. Sensor materials-nanomaterials for miniature highly sensitive sensors with high selectivity;
2.2. Materials for Energetics hybrid membranes and bimetallic catalysts for fuel cells; nanomaterials for new generation of electrochemical power sources; catalysts for the processing of high quality fuel.
2.3. Optical materials and materials for light production nano-structured optical fibers.
Hierarchical optical chemosensory materials
Electron microscopy, 220×160 m
ASM, 20×20 m ASM, 3×3 m
TEM, 0,4×0,4 mп-Xylol
50 ppm25 ppm
10 ppm5 ppm
2,5 ppm
Scheme of hierarchical sensory material structure
PHOTOCHEMISTRY CENTER OF RAS
10 ppm
50 ppm
10 ppm
50 ppm
Intensity change of 420 nm wavelength in the presence of various
concentrations of benzene
Intensity change of 420 nm wavelength in the presence of various
concentrations of n-xylene
benzene n-xylene
1 23
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
111213
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
2223
0
500
1000
A1 A2 … An Вmultivariate
analysis algorithm
V
X1 X2 X3 … Xn
Multi - electrode system (including special membrane electrode) based on biocompatible nanosensors to measure the freshness of beer
sour
stale
fresh
?
Voronezh State University, IGIC RAS
Similar systems can be used for the analysis of proteins, drugs, blood etc.
Diagram of beer
responses
3D thermocatalytic Gas Sensors (pellistors)
Characteristics: Т = 360 ÷ 590 °С С = 0 ÷ 5 % vol. СН4
Sensitivity 15 - 50 mV/% vol. СН4
Power consumption 75 - 200 mW
MSU, Department of material science
Determination of methane
concentration in coal mines
Electron microscopy of MF-4SC membrane (Russian analog of Nafion ), modified by silica (in situ synthesis), particle size 2-5 nm
7
Temperature dependence of conductivity for MF-4SC membrane
modified by acid zirconium phosphate (a-e). Comparison sample (f).
Ion conductivity as a function of RH for MF-4SC (1); MF-4SC+SiO2 (2); MF-4SC+SiO2+HPW (3) and MF-4SC+SiO2+CsHPW (4).
Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry RAS
Hybrid membranes for fuel cells
Cathode materials for lithium ion accumulators
Electron microscopy of LiFePO4 composite
with carbon.
Comparison of cathode materials
Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry RAS
Discharge capacity, mA/h
Rate of discharge/charge
Discharge
Charge
Charge-discharge curves (4-th cycle)
Traditional material Charge process
LiCoO2 Li1-XCoO2
(CoO2)
Fiber Optics Research Center of RASBismuth-doped fibers for lasers and optical amplifiers
The broad band of luminescence in Bi-doped fibers enables one to develop fiber lasers and amplifiers in the wavelength region uncovered by effective rare-earth active media.
Recently developed Bismuth-doped fiber lasers: spectral lasing region
and maximal CW output power.
2.6. Nanoscale catalysts for deep processing of raw materials nanostructured and nanoscale catalysts for petrochemical processes; catalytic conversion processes of natural gas and oil associated gas into
liquid fuels, hydrogen and valuable organic products; catalytic methods for processing of renewable raw materials (biogas and
biomass) into valuable organic products.
Nanoheterogeneous and nanostructurated catalysts for hydrocarbon feeds transformation
Metal – organic frameworks
Hierarchic oxides systems
Catalytic processes for natural/ associated gas
conversion
Nanoheterogeneous catalysts
HYDROGENSYNTHETIC
FUELSCHEMICAL PRODUCTS
Heavy oils, bitumens, heavy residues conversion
HYDROGEN FUELSLIGHT
OIL
Topchiev Institute of Petroleum Synthesis RAS
CATALYTIC CRACKING OF VACUUM GASOIL
The advantages of new technology : Flexible processing of vacuum gasoil Processing using gasoline mode:
Gasoline (<205оС) yield – 56% mass. Overall yield of propane-propylene and butane-butylene
fractions, gasoline and light gasoil – 87,5% mass.
Research octane number – 94,2 Consumption of fresh catalyst - lower than 0,5 kg/t of
feed
Topchiev Institute of Petroleum Synthesis RAS
Production of the low molecular weight olefins or high-octane gasoline from natural gas via dimethyl ether
Syngas
Gasoline,Olefins
Methanol DME
Natural gas
DME
Perspective routeTraditional route
Stage of “syngas to DME” is more effective and cheaper that stage “syngas to methanol”
Stage “DME to hydrocarbons” is simpler and more effective than stage “methanol to hydrocarbons”
Process schemes of conversion of natural gas to olefins
Catalyst — NiO+Co3O4/Al2O3
CH4 + MeOx CO + H2
МеМеМеOxМеOx
O2 +MeO2 +Me
Air
Nitrogen
CO + H2
CH4
Zone of reaction
(reduction of catalyst)
Zone of reaction
(reduction of catalyst)
Zone of regeneration
(oxidation of catalyst)
Zone of regeneration
(oxidation of catalyst)
Pilot unit scheme with
circulating fluidized
catalyst bed
Pilot plant: DME and gasoline production
New technology and catalyst of oxidizing conversion of methane to syngas have been developed
New technology and catalyst of direct DME production from syngas have been developed
New technology and catalyst of gasoline production from DME have been developed
New technology and catalyst of lower olefins production from DME have been developed
Octane number (r.m.) 92 - 93
Aromatics(vol. %) < 20
Aliphatics (vol. %) > 80
Topchiev Institute of Petroleum Synthesis RAS
Functional Materials
2.7. Nanostructured membrane materials membrane materials, membrane reactors and membrane catalysis for the
production of valuable chemical products;-nanostructured membranes with improved transport properties and
devices for gases and liquids purification and separation.
2.8. Biomimetic materials and materials for medicine bioresorbable materials for bone and dental implants; biodegradable and transdermal systems with controlled drugs release; systems with high adhesion to various substrates, including biological, for
use as protective coatings, packaging, etc.
Membranes from anodic aluminum oxide
MSU, Department of material science
Laboratory membrane catalyst setting for ethane oxidative dehydrogenation to ethylene (ODE) allows to carry out the process at ratios of ethane and oxygen, unacceptable in conventional reactors
Scheme of membrane reactorODE was carried out at 320-460 C in a flow reactor.
Increase in ethane conversion up to 70% with 95% selectivity.
Reactants conversion in membrane reactor
The possibility of membrane reactors use for non-oxidizing methane dimerization under the UV irradiation to yield compounds C2 and more
• Excitation of CH4 molecules by ultraviolet radiation allows to activate methane at 500-600 K. The use of membrane reactor allows to shift the thermodynamic balance dew to the removal of hydrogen from the reaction zone.
Topchiev Institute of Petroleum Synthesis RAS
Zelinskii Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS
Topchiev Institute of Petroleum Synthesis RAS
Catalytic membrane contactor/reactor for O2 remove from water
Principle
Catalytic membranes synthesized
Pd
Single-stage process
Deposition of Pd onto hydrophobic polymeric porous membranes
Water Water
GasGas Liquid-Cell contactor
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
1,2
1,4
1,6
1,8
2
2,2
2,4
150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900
time, min
Con
cent
ratio
n D
O, p
pb0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160
time, min
Co
ncen
trati
on
DO
, p
pm
1 ppb
Topchiev Institute of Petroleum Synthesis RAS
Hydrodechlorination of trichlorethylene (TCE) at room temperature
porous membranes, TNO, Holst center
SEM image of the cross-cleaved HA coating on the Ti surface (a) and AFM-iso-ping cross-cleavage of the covering thickness of 3.0 mm HA (b)
1 - nanocrystalline HA coating on titanium (1mkm) after TiO2 - nanocrystalline HA coating on silicon (1mkm)3 - nanocrystalline HA coating on titanium (1mkm)4 - nanostructured ceramics5 - amorphous HA coating on titanium (1mkm)6 - nanocrystalline Cu film (1mkm) on Si
TEM image of amorphous HA
Voronezh State University Institute of Metallurgy of RAS
Hydroxylapatite material for implants and its coatings
Polymer adhesives for medical applications
New family of hydrophilic pressure-sensitive adhesives based on interpolymeric complexes:
Adhesion to hydrophilic and wet surfaces; Obtained from non-adhesive materials by simple mixing
Control of dissolution rate is possible; Opportunity for preparation of PSAs with adhesive properties triggerred by external
factors: temperature, pH, humidity.
Other applications: Medical patches; Wound dressings;
Teeth whitening and oral care products
TIPS RAS
Application in transdermal and transmucosal drug delivery systems: Extension of the number of drugs that can be successfully delivered transdermally;
Suitable for delivery of hydrophilic drugs via transdermal route; Excellent for transmucosal delivery due to good adhesion to wet surfaces and wide
range of solubility rates: from rapidly soluble to insoluble in water.
FFP
FFP
LLCT
P
Topchiev Institute of Petroleum Synthesis RAS
Smart pressure-sensitive adhesives
Wound dressings with temperature-assisted painless removal
Phase I: Wound (<39oC)
Wound
Phase II: Wound protection by dressing (<39oC)
Phase III: Healing (<39oC)
Phase IV: Heating of dressing (~40-50°C)
Phase V: Painless dressing removal
Phase VI: Isolation of biomaterials by simple folding
TIPS RASTopchiev Institute of Petroleum Synthesis RAS
Carbohydrates. Novel pharmaagents under development and target diseases
Inflammation: - Blockers of P-, E-, and L-selectins (synthetic compounds)
Cancer: - Blockers of estrogen receptor (natural lignan from Siberian larch; pre-clinical);
- Inhibitors of metastasis development (synthetic compounds)
- Antiangiogenic agents (synthetic compounds)
- Sensitizer for photodynamic therapy (synthetic compound, EMA approved)
- Glycoconjugate oncovaccines (synthetic compound)
Neural diseases: - Blockers of auto-antibodies which cause neuropathies (synthetic carbohydrate HNK-1 antigens and ganglioside ligands and their mimetics)
- Stimulators of neurith outgrowth (synthetic compounds)
Infection diseases: - Oligodentate blockers of bacterial toxins (synthetic compounds)
- Glycoconjugate bacterial and fungal vaccines (synthetic compounds)
Zelinskii Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS
Drugs and materials with biological activity