herrera environmental consultants clackamas river water ......calculate aggregate urban development...
TRANSCRIPT
Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water Providers
Jennifer Schmidt, GISP March 7, 2012
GIS Risk Analyses Results and Drinking Water Protection
Geodatabase for the Clackamas River Watershed
WATER RESTORATION SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 2
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Presentation Outline
Project Background
Phase 1 (FY2010): Geodatabase Development
Phase 2 (FY2011): Water Quality Risk Analyses
GIS Risk Analyses Methods and Results
Watershed Emergency Response System
Next Steps
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PHASE 1: Geodatabase Development
Phase 1 (FY2010) Objectives
1. Facilitate project kick-off meetings to solicit stakeholder input.
2. Identify and gather GIS datasets related to drinking water quality in the Clackamas River watershed.
3. Construct a Drinking Water Protection geodatabase and user-friendly front end.
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Phase 1 (FY2010) Results:
More than 100 GIS datasets gathered and processed from local, state, and federal agencies in 9 major categories
Close coordination with stakeholders such as DEQ and Clackamas County
Geodatabase to be hosted by City of Lake Oswego after completion of Phase 2
PHASE 1: Geodatabase Development
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PHASE 1: Geodatabase Development
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Zoning Canopy Cover
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PHASE 2: GIS Water Quality Risk Analyses
Phase 2 (FY2011) Objectives
1. Use GIS to assess threats to water quality from:
SEPTIC SYSTEMS
AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES
URBAN EXPANSION
VULNERABLE SOILS
POINT SOURCE POLLUTANTS
FORESTRY ACTIVITIES
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PHASE 2: GIS Water Quality Risk Analyses
Phase 2 (FY2011) Objectives
2. Provide guidance on developing a GIS-based watershed emergency response system.
3. Prepare a final project report summarizing risk analyses results and conclusions.
4. Deliver project geodatabase and user front-end to the City of Lake Oswego and assist with implementation.
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PHASE 2: GIS Risk Analyses Design
Iterative approach to each risk analysis:
1. Prepare analysis approach outline based on literature review and coordination with Herrera scientists
2. Send outlines to stakeholders for review and input
3. Revise approach based on stakeholder feedback
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Data-driven approach for identifying risk “hot spots” using these steps:
1. Identify spatial datasets that best represent risk.
2. Rank each dataset into low-to-high numerical categories.
3. Overlay and add the ranked datasets together to calculate cumulative risk.
PHASE 2: GIS Risk Matrix Approach
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Dataset #1
Dataset #2
+
=
Dataset #3
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Datasets Used
Sewer district and sewered city boundaries
Tax parcel boundaries
Sewer pipes and laterals
Soil and geology types
Surface water intakes
Potential contaminant sources (PCS)
Streams and waterbodies
Detailed property information, including lot size, number of bedrooms and bathrooms, and building age
PHASE 2: Septic System Analysis
Analysis Objectives:
1. Identify individual potential septic system locations at the parcel level.
2. Determine the likelihood and severity of septic system failure based on factors like age, density, and soil permeability.
3. Calculate aggregate septic system risk.
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Phase 2: Septic System Analysis
Measured Attribute Ranking Factor Ranking Criteria
Statistically-
significant septic
system clustering?
5 YES
4 ---
3 ---
2 ---
1 NO
Risk Factor #1: High-Density Septic System Clustering
Measured Attribute Ranking Factor Ranking Criteria
Septic System
Count
5 > 3
4 3
3 2
2 1
1 0
Risk Factor #3: Number of Septic Systems per Two Acres
Measured Attribute Ranking Factor Ranking Criteria
Septic System Age
(Years)
5 > 50 years
4 ---
3 25 – 50 years
2 ---
1 < 25 years
Risk Factor #2: Septic System Age
Measured Attribute Ranking Factor Ranking Criteria
Proximity to
Surface Water
Intake
5 1/8 mile
4 1/4 mile
3 1/2 mile
2 1 mile
1 > 1 mile
Risk Factor #4: Proximity to Surface Water Intake
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PHASE 2: Septic System Analysis
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Risk Factor #1: Septic System Clustering
+
Risk Factor #2: Potential Septic System Age
Risk Factor #3: Number of Septic Systems per
Two Acres
+
Risk Factor #4: Proximity to Surface Water
Intakes
=
CUMULATIVE SEPTIC SYSTEM RISK
+
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PHASE 2: Septic System Results
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Datasets Used
Aerial photography (2009)
Crop type designations over 4 years (2008 – 2011)
Water rights points of use
Confined Animal Feed Operations (CAFOs)
Surface water intakes
Fish hatchery locations
Nursery locations
Average fertilizer, pesticide, and manure application rates by crop type from OSU Extension
PHASE 2: Agricultural Activities Analysis
Analysis Objectives:
1. Identify the locations of agricultural fields.
2. Assign crop types to each field.
3. Apply crop-specific pesticide and fertilizer application rates.
4. Map other agricultural activities (CAFOs, fish hatcheries, nurseries, etc).
5. Calculate aggregate agricultural activities risk.
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PHASE 2: Agricultural Activities Results
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PHASE 2: Urban Development Risk Analysis
Analysis Objectives:
1. Identify the extent and population density of existing urban areas in the Clackamas River watershed.
2. Develop an urbanization build-out estimate based on urban growth data, development constraints, and forecasted population data.
3. Calculate aggregate urban development risk.
Dataset
Aerial photography (2009)
UGBs (present and historic)
Census population statistics (2000 and 2010)
Census employment statistics (2000 and 2010)
City limits (present and historic)
Designated urban and rural reserve areas
Zoning data and comprehensive plans
Erosion and permeable sensitive areas
Wetland polygons
2009 – 2030 Urban Growth report
NLCD percent impervious cover
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PHASE 2: Urban Development Analysis Results
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PHASE 2: Vulnerable Soils Risk Analysis
Analysis Objectives:
1. Map datasets associated with soil vulnerability in the Clackamas River watershed.
2. Calculate potential soil loss rates using RUSLE.
3. Map historic landslide areas and areas at high risk for future landslides.
4. Calculate aggregate vulnerable soils risk.
Dataset
Aerial photography
Average annual precipitation
Erosion and permeability sensitive areas
Hydric soils
Historic landslide areas
Geologic hazard areas and fault lines
10-Meter Digital Elevation Model (DEM)
Steep slopes
Land use types including vegetative cover
Wetlands
Floodplains
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PHASE 2: Vulnerable Soils Results
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PHASE 2: Point Source Pollution Risk Analysis
Analysis Objectives:
1. Map point-source pollutants including permitted commercial and industrial facilities and storage tanks.
2. Use these locations to assess cumulative point source risk pollutant risk based on factors like: Facility type
Geographic concentration of discharge sources
Permitted discharge amount
Dataset
Aerial photography
Facility Profiler database output
Potential Contaminant Sources (PCS) from 2003 Source
Water Assessment
Underground Injection Control (IUC) locations
Storm Sewer Outfalls
Surface water intakes
Confined Animal Feeding Operation (CAFO) locations
Office of State Fire Marshall (OSFM) Hazardous
Substance Information System (HSIS) list
Laboratory Analytical Storage and Retrieval Database
(LASAR) output
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PHASE 2: Point Source Pollutant Results
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Datasets Used
Private forest Notice of Operations submitted to the State Forester from 2006 through present
State and National forest timber sales information
Seasonal roadway shoulder herbicide application schedules
Potential contaminant sources (PCS) points
Aerial photography
PHASE 2: Forestry Activities Analysis
Analysis Objectives:
1. Map timber harvests in the Clackamas River watershed (2007 through 2017)
2. Map the locations of pesticide and fertilizer notices of operation on forest land.
3. Obtain and map seasonal roadway herbicide applications.
4. Calculate aggregate forestry activities risk.
CUMULATIVE RESULTS OUTPUT IN PROGRESS
PHASE 2: Watershed Emergency Response System
Task Objectives:
1. Identify critical datasets and processes needed to implement a GIS-based watershed emergency response system.
2. Outline recommendations for a GIS system similar to what was developed by EWEB for the McKenzie Watershed.
3. Assess feasibility of integrating with existing ICWater GIS-based contaminant modeling and tracking system
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WATER RESTORATION SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 25
PHASE 2: Watershed Emergency Response System
Image courtesy of EWEB (Jan09)
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PHASE 2: Watershed Emergency Response System
Components of an Emergency Response System:
Identify sensitive natural, cultural and economic resources that are high priority to protect in the event of a spill.
Inventory response logistics such as equipment, command post locations, response contacts, etc.
Map reach-specific response strategies for first responders.
Model and assess risk such as contaminant travel time
Make all of this information available quickly and easily through GIS
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PHASE 2: Watershed Emergency Response System
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PHASE 2: Next Steps
Finalize Risk Analyses and Complete Project Report (April 2012)
1. Finalize risk analyses rankings
2. Feedback from presentation today will be used to help revise project report content
3. Project report will include:
Full methodology for all six GIS risk analyses including datasets used and known limitations
Analysis conclusions and discussions including trends and statistics
Memorandum dedicated to emergency response system recommendations
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PHASE 2: Next Steps
Finalize Project Geodatabase (April 2012)
1. Upload risk analyses results to project geodatabase
2. Complete geodatabase web interface and coordinate with City of Lake Oswego on implementation
3. Provide metadata and guidelines for future geodatabase update
4. Provide training on geodatabase use to the CRWP
Phase 2: Geodatabase and Web Interface
Geodatabase and Web Interface Functionality:
1. Quickly and easily map water quality datasets and risk analyses results at different scales.
2. Zoom in on areas of interest and view detailed attribute information.
3. Update datasets such as forestry activity notices and point source pollutant permits.
4. Hyperlink to other sources of data such as permits and water quality data hosted on the web.
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