HERBAL COSMETICS

Herbal products in cosmetics or herbs in cosmetics can also be referred as botanical origin products in cosmetics

Herbal cosmetics are defined as the beauty products which possess desirable physiological activities such as skin healing, smoothening , appearance, enhancing and conditioning properties because of herbal ingredients

Definition

For enhancing the appearance of the facial skin

For hair growth and care For skin care , especially in teenager Shampoo , powders , perfumery etc Miscellaneous products

Categories

Herbal products or herbs in cosmetics

Herbal products in cosmetics or herbs in cosmetics can also be referred as botanical origin products in cosmetics. Personal care products containing ingredients from the plant origin are finding an increasing receptive trend in the domestic as well as world market.

The herbal cosmetics are defined as the beauty products, which possess desirable physiological activities, such as skin healing, smoothning, appearance, enhancing and conditioning properties because of herbal ingredients.

The herbal cosmetics can be grouped into following major categories: 1. For hair growth and care. 2. for enhancing appearance of the facial skin.

z

Herbs as cosmetics

The examples of herbs which are commonly used as cosmetics.

ALOE VERA GEL Aloe vera gel is obtained after eliminating the outermost tissue of the leaf of Aloe barbadenis.

Family: liliaceae Chemical Constituents: It is rich in water,

amino acids. Lipids, sterols, enzymes and in polysaccharides.

Uses: this gel is widely used in sun lotion, shaving creams, lip balms, healing ointments, face packs and hair conditioners.

AMLA Amla is a fresh and dried fruit of Emblica

officinalis.

Family: Euphorbiaceae. Chemical constituents:Amla contains

tannins.IT is a rich source of natural vitaminC, which is about 500-950 mg per 100gm of fresh pulp. It is destroyed on heating and drying in sun. the fruit is also a rich source of pectin and minerals like phosphorus, iron and calcium.

Uses: It is used as a antiviral and antifungal and also antioxidant properties.

Almond oil Almond oil is the fixed oil obtained by cold

expression from ripe seeds of Prunus dulcis. Family:Rosaceae Chemical constituents:Both the varities of

almond oil contain fixed oil, about 20% proteins, mucilage and emulsion. The chief constituents of fixed oil are oleic acid,linoleic acid and palmitic acid.

Uses: Almond oil is mainly used in cosmetology and dermatology and for many toilet articles.

BrahmiBrahmi consist of fresh and dried leaves and stem of

Centella asiatica.

Family:Umbeliferae

Chemical constituents: It contains essential oils, sterols, flavonol,glycoside and triterpenoid,saponins

Uses: it is used in treatment of surgical wounds and minor burns.

Alcoholic extract of the whole brahmi plant is reported to have anticancer activities.

CASTOR OIL

Castor oil is the fixed oil obtained from the seeds of Ricinus communis linn.

Family:Euphorbiaceae

Chemical constituents: The oil consist of mixture of glycerides in which 80-85%of the acids are saturated. Lauric and myristic are the major fatty acids.

Uses:It is used in cold creams and in the sun tan formulations.

EUCALYPTUS OILEucalyptus oil is a volatile obtained by

hydrodistillation from the scythe-shaped fresh leaves of Eucalyptus globules.

Family: Mrytaceae

Chemical constituents: Eucalyptus oil contains about 70-80%cineole,plus lesser amount of volatile aldehyde,terpenes,sesqyiterpenes,aromatic aldehyde,alcohol and phenols.

Uses: It have a antiseptic and healing properties.

HENNAIt consists of dried leaves of lawsonia anermis.

Family:Lythraceae.

Chemical constituents: The leaves contain soluble matter lawsone. This quinine dissolves in alkaline solution to give an intense orange red colour.henna leaves contains flavonoids, coumarins, and xanthones.

Uses: It is used as a colouring and cosmetic ingredient.

it is used in the treatment of skin ailments, burns and wounds.

Lemon oil It is obtained from the lemon peel by cold

expression, while lemon petitgrain oil is produced from leaves and twigs.

Uses: it is used as a fragrance ingredient in soaps, creams and perfumes.

NEEMNeem consists of the fresh or dried leaves and

seed oil of Azadirachta indica.Family: Melliaceae.

Chemical constituents: Neem leaves contains flavonoids,quercetin ,myrcetin, quercetin-3-galactoside, oxalic acid ,sterols,terpenoids.

Uses: It is used in the manufacture of shampoos. It is used in herbal hair oil, hair tonic and nail oil.

Biological source – Aloe Vera obtained after eliminating the outer most tissue of the leaf of Aloe barbadensis

Family - Liliaceae

ALOE VERA GEL

Geographical source Found in South Africa, West Indies and

India

Chemical constituents It contains water , amino acids, sterols

enzymes and polysaccharides , lipids

Cosmetic uses 1 Hydrating ingredients in creams 2 Extracts of aloin are used in sun cream

as emollients

Commercial Preparations Solid and liquid forms such as Aloe Vera juice Medicated jelly Medicated cream Heat rub Body lotion Moisturizer

Biological source – It is obtained from dried and fresh fruit of Emblica officinalis

Family - Euphorbiaceae

AMLA

Geographical source Found in Gujarat , Rajasthan , Maharashtra

Chemical constituents It contains vitamin c , tannins , pectin ,

minerals

Cosmetic uses Antifungal , Antibacterial , Antiviral ,

Antioxidant , Hair dyes , Hair conditioner

Commercial Preparations

Cosmetics Shampoo Hair oil

Preparation

Biological source - Fixed oil obtained by cold expression from ripe seeds of Prunus dulcis (Miller) D.A. Webb var dulcis or var. amara (DC) Buchheim or a mixture of two varieties

Family - Rosaceae

ALMOND OIL

Geographical source Found in Greece , Italy , Spain

Chemical Constituent Contain fixed oil oleic , linoleic acid ,

Palmitic acid , mucilage , emulsion Cyanogenetic glycoside

Cosmetic use For dermatology , Flavoring agent For skin irritation

Commercial Preparations Anti wrinkle cream Herbal beauty care Moisturiser Hair lotion

BRAHMI

Biological source - Fresh and dried leaves of Centella asiatica (Sym. Hydrocotyl asiatica) , Bacopa monniera (Sym. Herpestis monniera)

Family - Umbelliferae

BRAHMI

Chemical Constituents Essential oil , flavanol , β amyrin

derivative (Asiaticoside and madecassoside)

Cosmetic use In dermatitis Anti ulcer activity Promote fibroblast proliferation and

collagen synthesis

Commercial Preparation

Brahmi oil Soft extract

ROSE OIL

BIOLOGICAL SOURCE: volatile oil obtained by distillation in

copper alembic stills,from fresh flowers of Rosa damanscena,R.

gallica,R. alba & R.centifolia.

FAMILY:Rosaceae

CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS: saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons,gerniol,citronellol,nerol & 2-phenylethanol.

USES: Perfumary industry and aromatherapy. Dermatology Itch relieving treatment in skin disorder.

SANDALWOOD OIL

BIOLOGICAL SOURCE: obtained by steam distillation from the heartwood of satalum album.

FAMILY:Santalaceae

CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS: contains about 90-97% of sesqiterpene alcohol.Also contain acids,aldehydes & ketones.

USES: Used in cosmetology & perfumery. In prepration of soaps,creams & toilet

preprations.

SEENA LEAVES

BIOLOGICAL SOURCE: consist of dried leaflets of Cassia acutifolia, Cassia angustifolia.

FAMILY:Leguminosecae

CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS: Leaves,pods & roots contain rhein,chrysophanol,emodin,palmidine & glucoside.

USES:1. Powdered leaves in vinegar are applied to

wounds & burns & to remove pimples.

WINTERGREEN OIL

BIOLOGICAL SOURCE: obtained by distillation of dried leaves of Gaultheria procumbens.

FAMILY: Ericaceae

CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS: methyl salicylate is main constituent formed from glycoside.It also contain an ester that hydrolyse into ethyl alcohol & acid.

USES:1. as flavours.2. as local irritant,antiseptic.

MARIGOLD BIOLOGICAL SOURCE : Calendule officinalis Linn

FAMILY : Asteraceae

Chemical constituents

Contains flavonoids , carotenes, xanthophyll, and essential oil (containing sesquiterpenoids derivatives ; mono, di and trihydrated derivativs free or ester form terpenoids)

Uses Skin orders Protective agents ( for cracks and

abrassion) Emolient and hydrating agent in lotion , creams, soaps

NEEM Biological Source : Azadirachta indica Family: Melliaceae

Chemical constituents Contains flavonoids (kaempferol, quercetin,

myriccetin,quercetin-3-glactoside, kaempferol-3-glucoside,myricetin-3-arabinoside),oxalic acid,steroids,terpenoids,sterols and nimbolide.

The seeds and seed oil contains many bitter limonoids including nimbin, nimbibin, salanin etc.

uses

In skin disoders :- eczema, ring worm infections,scabies

In manufacturing of shampoo, herbal hair oil,hair tonic and nail oil.

OLIVE OIL Biological Source: Ripe fruits of Olea eurpoea linn Family : oleaceae

Chemical constituents Oleic acid (56-855%), linoleic acid (3.5-

20.0%), palmitic (7.5-20%) and stearic acid (0.5-

5%), Also contain volatile c6 alcohol( hexanol, E-

2- hexanol,2-3 hexenol) (c6), aldehydeand acetylated esters..

uses Used in cometology and pharmaceutical

industry for its demulcent and emolient properties.

Used in soaps and face creams .

ROSEMARY OIL Biological source: flowering tops of leafy twigs of Rosmarinus

officinalis

Family : labitaeace

Chemical constituents Contains monoterpene hydrocarbons eg:- -pinene and camphene .8-6% esters mainly bornyl acetate 8-20% alcohols mainly borneol and cineole and phenolic

compounds represented by flavonoids (glycosides of luteolin and methoxylated flavones) and phenolic acids ( rose –marinic acid).

Uses In perfumery industry Aromatherapy In cosmetology because of its antioxidant

activity Used to facilitate the tissue damage and

restoring the healthy status of the skin.